Flashcards
Cell Biology - Absite
Flashcards do conjunto (49)
- 1Main Transporter that keeps intracellular compartment negativeNa/K-ATPase
3Na out/2K in - 2Extracellular Na, K, Ca, MgNa - 140
K - 4
Ca - 5
Mg - 2 - 3Intracellular Na, K, Ca, MgNa - 12
K - 150
Ca - 10^-7
Mg - 7 - 4Extracellular Cl, HCO3, SO4, HPO4, Protein, Organic AnionsCl - 103
HCO3 - 24
SO4 - 1
HPO4 - 2
Protein - 16
Organic Anions -5 - 5Intracellular Cl, HCO3, HPO4, ProteinCl - 3
HCO3 - 10
HPO4 - 116
Protein - 40 - 6Desmosomecell-to-cell adhesion molecules
- 7Hemidesmosomescell-to-ECM adhesion molecules
- 8Tight Junctioncell-to-cell occluding junctions
impermeable barrier (epithelium) - 9Gap JunctionsAllows communication between cells (connexin subunits)
- 10G proteinsGTPases, intramembrane proteins, transduce signal from receptor to response enzyme
- 11Ligand-triggered protein kinasereceptor and response enzyme are a single transmembrane protein
(ex. receptor TK, insulin, epidermal GF) - 12ABO blood type antigensglycolipids on cell membrane
- 13HLA-type antigensglycoproteins on cell membrane
- 14Cell CycleG1, S (protein syn + chr duplication), G2, M (mitosis, nucleus divides)
- 15What part of the cell cycle determines the cell cycle length?G1
- 16Components of MitosisProphase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase - 17Prophasecentromere attachment, centriole and spindle formation, nucleus disappears
- 18MetaphaseChromosome alignment
- 19AnaphaseChromosome pull apart
- 20Telophaseseparate nucleus reforms around each set of chromosomes
- 21NucleusDouble Membrane, outer membrane continuous with rER
- 22Nucleolusinside nucleus, no membrane, ribosomes are made here
- 23TranscriptionDNA strand is used as a template by RNA polymerase for synthesis of an mRNA strand
- 24Transcription Factorsbind DNA and help the transcription on genes
Ex: steroid, thyroid, AP-1, NF-KB, STAT, NFAT - 25Initiation Factorsbind RNA polymerase and initiate transcription
- 26DNA polymerase chain reactionuses oligonucleotides to amplify specific DNA sequences
- 27PurinesGuanine and Adenine
- 28PyrimidinesCytosine
Thymadine (in DNA)
Uracil (in RNA) - 29Number of bonds b/w pyrimidines and purinesguanine 3H bonds w/ cytosine
adenine 2H bonds w/ T or U - 30TranslationmRNA used as a template by ribosomes for synthesis of proteins
- 31Glycolysis1 glucose generates 2 ATP and 2 pyruvate
- 32Mitochondria2 membranes
Krebs cycle on inner matrix
NADH/FADH2 created - 33Krebs Cycle Citric Acid Cycle2 pyruvate molecules created
creates NADH and FADH2
then to ETC
1glucose = 36ATP - 34Electron Transport ChainNADH and FADH2 enter and form an H+ gradient and create ATP by ATP synthase
- 35GluconeogenesisLactic Acid (Cori Cycle) and AA (#1 Alanine) are converted to glucose
- 36Cori Cycleliver converts muscle lactate onto new glucose
- 37rERsynthesizes proteins that are exported (increased in pancreatic acinar cells)
- 38sERlipid/steroid synthesis, detoxifies drugs
increased in liver and adrenal cortex - 39Golgi Apparatusmodifies proteins with carbohydrates; proteins are then transported to cellular membrane, secreted, or targeted to lysosomes
- 40Lysosomeshave digestive enzymes that degrade engulfed particles and worn-out organelles
- 41Phagosomesengulfed large particles; these fuse with lysosomes
- 42Endosomesengulfed small particles
these fuse with lysosomes - 43Phospholipase Ccleaves phospholipid phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphonate (PIP2) into DAG and inositol 1, 4, 5 triphosphate (IP3)
IP3 then release Ca from sER - 44Protein Kinase Aactivated by cAMP, phosphorylates other enzymes and proteins
- 45Myosinthick filaments, uses ATP to slide alone actin to cause muscle contraction
- 46ActinThin Filaments, interact with myosin
- 47Intermediate FilamentsKeratin (hair/nails)
Desmin (muscles)
VImentin (fibroblasts) - 48Microtubulesform cilia, neuronal axons, mitotic spindles
involved in transport of organelles in cell
centriole - 49Centriolea specialized microtubule involved in cell division (forms spindle fibers, pull chromosome apart)
Informações
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- Surgery - Absite Review FlashCards sobre Cell Biology - Absite , criado por Jennifer Huber em 28-05-2018.
- Criado por
- Jennifer Huber
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