Flashcards
Electron Transport Chain and Chemiosmosis
Flashcards do conjunto (19)
- 1Define the Electron Transport Chain.A series of compounds that transfer electrons from electron carriers to electron acceptors via redox reactions, and couples this electron transfer with the transfer of H+ ions across a membrane.
- 2List the protein complexes ordered from low to high electronegativityNADH dehydrogenase
Ubiquinone
Cytochrome b-c1 complex
cytochrome C (C)
cytochrome oxidase complex - 3List all reactants of the ETC.6 NADH (Krebs)
2 NADH (pyruvate oxidation)
2 FADH2 (Krebs)
2 FADH2 (from 2 cytosolic NADH)
32 ADP
32 Pi
6 O2
12H+ - 4Explain the roles of NADH and FADH2 to the ETC.NADH and FADH2 transfer the H atom electrons they carry into the complexes.
- 5The electron transport chain is highly (exergonic/endergonic)?exergonic
- 6Where does NADH pass its electrons to initially?The first protein complex, NADH dehydrogenase
- 7Where does FADH2 transfer its initial electrons to?(Q) ubiquinone
- 8The oxidation of FADH2 is used to pump _(#) protons into the inter membrane space, while NADH pumps _, forming the same number of ATP correspondingly.2, 3
- 9What does cytochrome oxidase complex do?catalyzes reactions between the e-, H+, and molecular O2 to form H2O
- 10How is a proton concentration gradient formed across the inner membrane?s
- 11How does molecular oxygen play a role in ETC?it's one of the most EN substaces on earth. it strips the 2 electrons from the final protein complex in the chain and + 2 H+ --> H2O
- 12The NADH cannot pass through the _______ of the mitochondrion.inner membrane
- 13Explain the function of the glycerol-phosphate shuttle.transfers the electrons from cytoplasmic NADH to FAD to produce FADH2. Like the FADH2 produced in the Krebs cycle, it transfers its electrons to Q, then followed by chemiosmosis etcetera
- 14Define electrochemical gradient.a concentration gradient created by pumping ions into a space surrounded by a membrane that is impermeable to the ions.
- 15Define PMFproton motive force.
it's a force that moves protons through an ATPase complex on account of the free energy stored in the form of an electrochemical gradient of protons across a biological membrane. - 16Define the two components of electrochemical gradient1. electrical component: caused by higher positive charge in intermembrane space than that of the matrix
2. chemical component caused by a higher concentration of protons in the intermembrane space than that of the matrix - 17What energy drives the synthesis of ATP from ADP and Pi when protons are moving through the ATPase complex?the free energy of the electrochemical gradient
- 18What happens after chemiosmosis?- ATP molecules are transported through both mito. membranes by facilitated diffusion into the cytoplasm where they are used to drive endergonic processes ex) active transport, synthesis reactions, movement, throughout the cell
- 19Factors affecting ATP production include...?The maintenance of an H+ reservoir.
Food --> no food = no e-
No O2 = no flow thru ETC = clogged chain = stationary electrons
Informações
- Descrição
- sources: nelson 12 textbook ms phung's ppt tina's notes online sources Flashcards cover: Location, conditions Steps Chemiosmosis - How ATP are produced Total # of ATP (theoretical and actual yield)
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- itstinachen
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