Flashcards
Insect Communication
Flashcards do conjunto (45)
- 1What is the definition of Ethology?the study of animal behavior
- 2How does Ethology define communication?an action or condition on the part of the organism that alters the behavior of another organism in an adaptive way
- 3What is Communication?A process by which information is exchanged between individuals through a common system of symbols, signs, or behavior
- 4Why do insects communicate?To communicate their presence to others
- 5What is intra specific communication?same species communication
- 6What are some examples of intra specific communication?mating, sharing resources, regulating territory (etc).
- 7What is interspecific communication?Communication between different species
- 8What is an example of interspecific communication?typically and largely defense
- 9What are the three different Communication Modes of InsectsVisual, Sound, Chemical
- 10What are the advantages to Visual Communication?Effective over long distances,
fast (speed of light),
effective in all directions,
passive signals require no expenditure of energy, - 11What are the disadvantages of Visual Communication?Requires a clear line of sight
Exposes "you" to predators unafraid of eating you
only effective in daylight
Active signals may require fuel - 12*MT: What makes ants taste bad?Formic Acid
- 13What UV spectrum can insects see?300 nm to 650 nm
- 14Why can't insects see red?red is 800nm which is out of range in vision for insects
- 15What wavelength do humans see?400nm to 800nm
- 16What are Nectar guides?Nectar guides are UV pigment a flower has to guide insects to it's nectar.
- 17How did Karl von Frisch insects cannot see red?He put out sugar troughs and put out red and blue cards, the bees could only be trained to go to the blue cards
- 18What also changes an insects sight?The insects compound eye
Makes insect see as if they are seeing through stained glass - 19What is an example of a Passive Visual Signal in insectsAlternating colors of light and dark signal to predators that an insect tastes bad
- 20What are the different types of Mimicry in Insects?Camoflauge, Batesian Mimicry, Mullerian Mimicry, and Aggresive Mimicry
- 21What is Batesian Mimicry?the model bug is toxic the mimic is not
- 22What is Mullerian MimicryBoth the model and the mimic are toxic
- 23What is an Aggressive Mimic?Predators share the same characteristics as a harmless species
- 24What is an Acoustic Aggressive Mimic?An aggressive mimic will make a mating call of it's prey to draw in prey
- 25Why do fireflies create light?visual communication, mate attraction, and defense from predators
- 26How do fireflies create light?the enzyme luciferase acts on luciferin,
w/ magnesium ions,
ATP,
and oxygen
The light is not hot - 27Are fireflies flies?No fireflies are beetles
- 28What are the advantages of Insect Sounds?not limited by environmental barriers,
effective over distances and around corners
highly variable fast changing
works at night - 29What are the disadvantages of Insect Soundmay reveal location of sender to a predator
less effective in noisy environments
may use up physical energy - 30What are the 5 types of ways insects make sounds?Stridulation
Knocking or Tapping
Vibrating Membranes
Hissing
Wing Vibration - 31What type of Sound is Insect Stridulation?rubbing body parts to make sound (Orthopetra)
- 32What type of Sound is Insect Knocking or Tapping?Insects knocking body parts against something else to make sound
- 33What type of Sound is Insect Vibrating Membranes?Vibrating membranes mannn
- 34What type of sound is Hissing?Insects force air through their spiracles resulting in a hissing sound
(Hissing Cockroach) - 35What sort of insect sound is wing vibration?The vibrating and thus buzzing of wings
bees, flies, Lepidoptera - 36What are insect sounds for?territoriality, attracting a mate, and defense
- 37What are the advantages of Chemical Communication in Insects?not limited by environmental barriers
effective over distances and around corners
effective in day and night
longer lasting than visual or auditory signals
Doesn't take up a lot of energy - 38What is the on disadvantage of Chemical Communication?Not effective in Wind
- 39What are pheromones?volatile chemicals produced by glands
- 40What are the 5 different types of Pheromones?sex
trail marking (ants)
Aggregation (bark beetles)
caste regulation (social)
Alarm (aphids, bees) - 41Pheromones are typically ____ specificintra-specific
within the species - 42What gender typically produces Pheromones?Females
- 43Who figured out the "dance" of the Honey Bee?Karl von Frisch
- 44Describe the Honey Bee Dance*Honey Bees dance in a figure 8
*extended mid wiggle to explain how long it took to get to the flower
*the angle of rotation to the sun locates where the flower is
*if the flower is close circular - 45Describe the key characteristics of the Honey Bee Dancetactile
odors
visual
auditory