Flashcards
Global Studies: Ancient Greece
Flashcards do conjunto (52)
- 1When did the Minoans thrive?2600 - 1500 BC
- 2Where did the Minoans live?Island of Crete
- 3They are not Greek but come from a _____, & are said to have come _____.Greek province; Asia Minor
- 4The Minoans gained great wealth through _____ with _____ & _____.trade; Egypt; Syria
- 5The Minoans were famous for their _____, _____, & _____.ship-building; great structures; palaces
- 6What did the Minoans trade?ivory, pottery, metals
- 7What did the Minoans accomplish?Controlled Aegean and Mediterranean sea, transported goods to other ports, created Linear A
- 8What is Linear A?Writing that is horizontal rather than vertical
- 9How many lived in the city of Knossos?10,000
- 10Name other facts about Knossos?• built a magnificent palace & pottery
• King Minos had Minotaur in labyrinth underneath palace - 11Why did the Minoans fall?No one knows for sure. Theories include tsunamais, earthquakes, invaded by Mycenaeans.
- 12When did the Mycaeans thrive?1600 - 1000 BC
- 13Who were the Mycenaeans?1st to speak Greek language, lived on Greek mainland
- 14How many lived in the biggest city, Mycenae?30,000
- 15Mycenae would later be the foundation of what city?Athens
- 16What was city life like in Mycenacaea?1st leaders were kings, central palace built on hill, slaves/farmers lived on outskirts of town, huge stonewalls protect cities
- 17What was culture like for a Mycenaean?• Traded heavily with Minoans/took many ideas
• Copied ship/bronze making techniques
• Used sun/stars to navigate seas
• Traded with Egypt
• Worshiped Earth Mother Goddess
• Warriors wore huge boar tusk on helmet - 18What were burials like in Mycenae?• They were very important - made lavish coffins and tombs
• Buried with gold masks, swords, daggers, stone - 19Why did they collapse?No one is sure. After they collapsed Greek fell into a Dark Age until 800 BC.
- 20Who wrote The Iliad and The Odyssey?Homer
- 21What are The Iliad and The Odyssey? What are they about?two epic poems;
• The Iliad: the story of the siege of Troy, Trojan War and Paris' kidnapping of Helen
• The Odyssey: Picks up after the fall of Troy - 22What was Apollo the Greek god of? Why was he important?• Music, poetry, prophecy, medicine, light, archery
• Patron of Delphi; could see into future; was deadly with bow & arrows - 23What was Zeus the Greek god of? Why was he important?• Sky & thunder
• Married to Hera
• King of the gods - 24What was Poseidon the Greek god of? Why was he important?• God of ocean, bodies of water, sailors, & fishermen
• Had control over ocean/storms/earthquakes
• created the horse - 25What was Athena the Greek goddess of? Why was she important?• Goddess of wisdom, skills, inventions, strategic war
• Created olive branch, patron of Athens, Parthenon made for her - 26What was Artemis the Greek goddess of? Why was she important?• Goddess of the hunt, wilderness, moon, archery
• Perfect archery aim, one of friends is hunter Orion, spends time in forest surrounded by animals - 27What was Hermes the Greek god of? Why was he important?• God of thievery and tricksters
• Messenger of the Gods, fastest of the gods and helped dead to Underworld - 28What was Hera the Greek goddess of? Why was she important?• Goddess of women, marriage, & childbirth
• Married to Zeus, helped women for protection in childbirth, good health, aid in marriages
• Power over skies - 29What was the importance of Greek temples?• Were places where, on special occasions, religion took a more formal tone
• Were gods were worshipped with sacrifices and rituals, and all major Greek ceremonies were held by priests - 30Name at least 5 traits about Sparta different than Athens?• Oligarchy
• The economy depended on agriculture
• All boys taught in military, girls taught arts
• Disliked new ideas/arts
• Women had more power than in Athens - 31Name at least 5 traits about Athens different than Sparta?• The economy depended on agriculture
• Democratic
• Economy depended on agriculture & trade
• Boys taught arts, girls taught domestic skills
• Free & open debate among citizens
• Women had no power - 32What are at least five similarities between Athens and Sparta?• Women not considered citizens
• Valued independence
• Slaves did a lot of the work
• Believed in the same gods
• Major powers of the time - 33What is an oligarchy?All power held by a few persons or in a dominant class
- 34What is a direct democratic?Citizens rule directly rather than through representatives. However, only men over age 20 with military training could vote.
- 35Who was Aristotle?• Studied motion/time
• Invented formal logic
• "Father of Western Philosophy"
• Created entire branch of philosophy
• Established his own school - 36Who was Leonidas?• Became king of Sparta when older half-brother died
• In 480 BC prevented Persian invasion in Battle of Thermopylae
• Known for bravery and willingness to die for his home - 37Who was Archimedes?• Math genius
• Studied reflection of mirrors and it's said he used them to burn boats
• Father astronomer
• Created form of calculus
• Many energy-making facilities use his research - 38Who was Hippocrates?• Admired as physician/teacher
• 60 medical writings have survived
• Hippocratic Oath: ethical code to follow while being physician
• First to believe that medical conditions were natural causes
• Schools proclaim him as inspiration - 39Who was Aristarchus?• Astronomer/mathematician
• Discovered earth circles on own axis & revolves around sun
• Laid foundation as to how universe is laid out
• Father of Astronomy - 40Who was Aristophanes?• Best known for play "Lysistrata"
• Wrote many comedic plays
• Used emotions in plays in actors - 41Who was Pythagoras?• Discovered "Pythagorean Theorem"
• Established a school for his followers
• One of first people to study properties of numbers, relationships, and patterns they produce
• Philosopher, astronomer, music theorist, geometer - 42Who was Socrates?• Devoted himself for philosophy for many years
• Famous for philosophy and his books
• Attacked people's ways of thinking as they shifted back into old ideas
• Tried to establish ethical system on human choice rather than theological doctrine - 43Who was Alexander the Great?• Had wealthiest and largest empire ever, allowing Hellenistic culture to spread to the east
• Founded many cities
• Took over Greece, Asia Minor, Persia - 44Who was involved in the Battle of Thermopylae?Darius' son Xerxes, new king of Persia & 300 Spartan men led by King Leonidas
- 45Why was the Battle of Thermopylae fought?To avoid the Persians from conquering Greece. Persia wanted Greece as a gateway to soon conquering Europe.
- 46Why was the Battle of Thermopylae important?It was the crucial point that decided whether the Greek city-states would fall to Persia
- 47What is the Parthenon?• Largest Doric Greek temple on the Acropolis
• Functioned as religious center of Athens
• Embodiment of Athenian wealth and political dominance in Greece - 48What is the Acropolis?• Here were held religious festivals & several decisive government events
• Place were people of Athens could retreat to if under attack
• Monuments are symbols of classical civilization that have influenced art for many centuries - 49What is the Theatre at Epidarus?• Regarded as best preserved ancient theater in Greece
• Distinguished for its architectural symmetry & great acoustics
• Used to entertain up to 15,000 - 50What is the Greek Column?• Corinthian was the most ornate, slender, sleek of three Greek orders
• Used to decorate wealthy buildings
• Characterized by leafy designs
• Showed advanced architecture done by Greeks - 51List +4 reasons why Greece declined• Alexander the Great
• The rise of Rome
• Poorer classes rebelled against the wealthy aristocracy
• Series of weak leaders
• City-states had shifting alliances/governments - 52List +4 legacies Greece are known for• First introduced idea of a democracy
• Architecture
• Invented western drama and ideas of comedy/tragedy
• History's greatest philosophers
• Many advancements in science/technology
• Olympic Games (loved athletics)
• Art heavily influenced western art
Informações
- Descrição
- Freshman / Global Studies / December 2018
- Criado por
- E.M. Flood
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- 13
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