Flashcards
Top 200 drugs November 2019
Flashcards do conjunto (149)
- 1Atorvastatin BrandLipitor
- 2Atorvastatin Dosage formTablets
10, 20, 40, 80 mg QD - 3Atorvastatin AEMyopathy, dyspepsia
Constipation, diarrhea - 4Atorvastatin CounselingAvoid overexposure to sunlight due to possibility of photosensitivity. Use sunscreen and appropriate cloth till level of sensitivity is determined
- 5Atorvastatin MonitorLFT
Lipid Panel - 6Atorvastatin Prego categoryCategory X
- 7Ezetimibe BrandZetia
- 8Ezetimibe Dosage FormTablet
10 mg (* only available Conc) QD - 9Ezetimibe AEMyopathy/rhabdomyolysis
Myalgia, Increased CPK, Hepatitis,
Increased liver transaminases
Arthralgia, urticaria, thrombocytopenica - 10Atorvastatin DDI1. May increase DIGOXIN
2. Lipitor level may be REDUCED in the body when use w/ gemfibozil, GRAPEFRUIT, clarithromycin, antifungal, HIV drugs and CYCLOSPORINE - 11Ezetimibe DDI1. Zetia level in the body will increase w/ gemfibrozil and fenofibrate use
2. Zetia level will DECREASE in the body with the use of Cholestryamine - 12Ezetimibe counseling1. Take 2 hrs before or 4 hrs after taking Cholestryramine
- 13Ezetimibe monitoringLipid panel
- 14Ezetimibe prego categorycategory C
- 15Fenofibrate BrandTricor
Lipofen - 16Fenofibrate Dosage formTablets: 54 mg and 160 mg
Capsule: 134mg and 200 mg (red capsule)
*Recommended: 134 - 200 mg PO QD - 17Fenofibrate DDI1. Lipofen may increase effect of WARFARIN
2. Cholestyramine may decrease the effect of absorption of lipofen
3. avoid use w/ STATINs bc of an increase risk of rhabdomyolysis - 18Fenofibrate AE1. Muscle pain, rash, tenderness or weakness
2. Pain: resp disorder, abdominal pain, back pain and headache - 19Fenofibrate counseling1. Take w/ meal to increase absorption
- 20Fenofibrate monitoringLFT
RFT
Lipid panel - 21Fenofibrate prego categoryAvoid in pregnancy and lactation/nursing
- 22Gemfibrozil BrandLopid
- 23Gemfibrozil Dosage Form1. Tablet: 600 mg (only)
* RD 737 and Lopid written on it
2. 600 mg PO BID (30 mins b4 a.m. and p.m. meal) - 24Gemfibrozil DDI1. May enhance anticoagulant meds (Warfarin, DOACs, UFH and LMWH)
2. Administration w/ LOVASTATIN may cause severe myopathy or rhabdomyolysis - 25Gemfibrozil AE1. Dyspepsia, abdominal pain
2. diarrhea, nausea, fatigue - 26Gemfibrozil counseling1. May cause dizziness
2. May cause blurred vision - 27Gemfibrozil monitorLipid panel
LFT
FBG - 28Gemfibrozil prego categoryCategory B
- 29Fenofibrate (nanocrystallized) BrandTricor
- 30Fenofibrate (nanocrystallized) Dosage formsTablets: 48 mg (peach color and has F1 written on it); 145 mg (white color and has F0 written on it)
*Recommended dosage: 145 mg PO QD w/ meal
** Renal impairment: Initial dose = 48 mg PO QD w/ meal - 31Fenofibrate (nanocrystallized) monitorLFT
RFT
Lipid panel - 32Fenofibrate (nanocrystallized) prego categoryCategory C
- 33Lovastatin BrandMevacor
- 34Lovastatin Dosage FormTablets:
10 mg (peach color, MSD 730)
20 mg (purple color, MSD 731)
40 mg (green color, MSD 732)
* Recommended dosage: 20 mg PO QD w/ evening meal
** Increase dosage @ 4 wk interval for max response. - 35Lovastatin DDI1. Avoid coadministrtaion w/ GEMFIBROZIL due to severe myopathy and rhabdomyolysis.
2. Avoid GRAPEFRUIT juice, it increases mevacor level in the body - 36Lovastatin AE1. Myalgia, blurred vision
2. dyspepsia, abdominal cramps, constipation, diarrhea, heartburn, nausea, headache, rash/pruritus, flatus - 37Lovastatin counseling1. take med w/ meal
2. Avoid exposure to sunlight. - 38Lovastatin monitorLFT
Lipid panel - 39Lovastatin prego categoryCategory X
- 40Niacin (ER) BrandNiaspan
- 41Niacin (ER) Dosage FormTablets ER:
500 mg (500 written on it)
750 mg (750 written on it)
1000 mg (1000 written on it)
* Start w/ 500 mg at bedtime for 4 wks - 42Niacin (ER) DDI1. Rare cases of rhabdomyolysis has occurred in Niacin + Statins dual therapy
2. Cholestyramine may decrease the effect of absorption of niacin, give a minimum of 4 hrs b4 or after administration of Cholestyramine - 43Niacin (ER) AE1. Flushing
2. Pruritus (itching) and rash. - 44Niacin (ER) counseling1. take at bedtime w/ a low fat snack
2. Do not take on empty stomach
3. Flushing subsides after a few weeks
4. ASA or NSAIDs taken shortly b4 bedtime may reduce flushing
5. Avoid taking OTC supplement w/ Niacin w/o 1st checking w/ your prescriber
6. Swallow tablet whole and do not break, crush or chew - 45Omega-3-Acid BrandLovaza
- 46Omega-3-Acid Dosage FormLiquid-Filled Gel Capsule: 1000 mg capsule contains 900 mg ethyl esters of Omega-3 fatty acid (including ~ 465 mg EPA and 375 mg DHA)
* Takes 4 capsules (4000 mg) either QD or divided two doses w/ meal - 47Omega-3-Acid DDIMay increase bleeding time w/ anticoagulants (Warfarin, DOACs, UFH, LMWH)
- 48Omega-3-Acid AE1. Angina
2. Back pain
3. Dyspepsia
4. belching
5. rash
6. Miscellaneous infection
7. Taste perversion
8. Flu-like snxs - 49Omega-3-Acid counseling1. Take w/ food
2. Store away from sunlight and children - 50Omega-3-Acid monitorLipid panel
- 51Omega-3-Acid prego categoryCategory C
- 52Pravastatin BrandPravachol
- 53Pravastatin Dosage FormTablets
10 mg (peach color, 10 on the tab)
20 mg (yellow color, 20 on the tab)
40 mg (green color, 40 on the tab)
80 mg (orange color, 80 on the tab)
* Start w/ 10-20 mg PO QD HS - 54Pravastatin DDI1. Coadministration of pravachol w/ Cholestyramines or colestipol = decrease of pravachol. Give pravachol 1 hr b4 or 4 hrs after Cholestyramines or colestipol.
2. Not affected by GRAPEFRUIT juice - 55Pravachol AE1. Muscle pain
2. dyspepsia, headache, rash, Flu - 56Pravastatin counseling1. Do not become pregnant during therapy
2. Avoid sunlight
3. Limit alcohol intake - 57Pravastatin monitorLFT
Lipid panel - 58Pravastatin prego categoryCategory X
- 59Rosuvastatin BrandCrestor
- 60Rosuvastatin Dosage FormTablets:
5 mg (orange color)
10, 20, 40 mg (peach color)
* Maintenance dose: 5 - 40 mg PO QD - 61Rosuvastatin DDI1. Avoid using the same time as CYSLOSPORINE, it increased crestor level by 7 - 11 folds
2. Use w/ warfarin = rise in INR
3. Use w/ gemfibrozil = increase crestor by 2 X
4. Use w/ ANTACIDS w/n 2 hrs = decrease crestor plasma levels - 62Rosuvastatin AE1. Myalgia
2. asthenia
3. Abd pain, nausea - 63Rosuvastatin counselingSame as Statins
* avoid exposure to sunlight
* No pregnancy during therapy
* limit alcohol use - 64Rosuvastatin monitorLFT
Lipid panel - 65Rosuvastatin prego categoryCategory X
- 66Simvastatin BrandZocor
- 67Simvastatin Dosage FormTablets
5, 10, 20, 40, 80 mg
* Ususal dose is 10 - 40 mg PO QD - 68Simvastatin DDI1. May increase Warfarin or digoxin levels
2. Contraindicated in pt taking gemfibrozil, immunosuppressive agents, itraconazole, ketoconazole, HIV drugs, GRAPEFRUIT juice, nefazodone
3. Do not exceed 10 mg daily when used w/ verapamil or diltiazem.
4. Do not exceed 20 mg daily when used w/ Amiodrone, Amlodipine or ranolazine - 69Simvastatin AE1. May cause optic nerve degeneration
2. Muscle pain
3. dyspepsia
4. Constipation - 70Simvastatin counselingJust like other statins
1. Avoid overexposure to sunlight
2. Limit alcohol intake
3. No pregnancy during this therapy - 71Simvastatin monitorLFT
Lipid panel - 72Simvastatin prego categoryCategory X
- 73Bumetanide BrandBumex
- 74Bumetanide Dosage FormTablet:
0.5, 1, 2 mg
**** Injection: 0.25 mg/mL ****
* Oral: Give 0.5 - 2 mg daily in one or two doses - 75Bumetanide DDI1. Do not use w/ Aminoglycosides (Gentamicin, neomycin etc) or cisplatin (chemo drug) bc it could increase the risk of auditory toxicity
2. Be careful in pt w/ hypersensitivity to sulfonamides - 76Bumetanide AE1. Dizziness
2. Hypotension
3. Muscle cramps
4. Impaired hearing
5. Hypokalemia
6. hyperuricemia
7. hypochloremia
8. hyponatremia
9. Hyperglacemia
10. Azotemia - 77Bumetanide counseling1. May be taken w/ food or milk if GI upset occurs
2. Usual take med in the morning bc of diuresis
3. May cause orthostatic hypotension - use care when standing - 78Bumetanide monitorK
- 79Bumetanide prego categoryCategory C
- 80Clorthalidone BrandHygroton
- 81Clorthalidone Dosage FormTablets:
25 and 50 mg only - 82Clorthalidone DDI1. May increase lithium serum level
2. May decrease sulfonylurea hypoglycemia
3. Use w/ diazoxide may cause hyperglycemia
4. electrolyte disturbances may cause DIGI-TALIS-induced arrhythmias - 83Clorthalidone AE1. Dry mouth
2. Muscle cramps
3. N and V
4. Anemia
5. Weakness
6. dizziness
7. Orthostatic hypotension
8. Anorexia
9. GI distress
10. Constipation
11. Hyperglycemia
12. Photosensitivity
13. rash
14. transient blurred vision - 84Clorthalidone counseling1. May be taken w/ food or milk for if GI upset occurs
2. Avoid excessive exposure to sunlight
3. Usually given in the morning bc of diuresis - 85Clorthalidone monitorN/A
- 86Clorthalidone prego categoryCategory B
- 87Furosemide BrandLasix
- 88Furosemide Dosage FormTablet: 20, 40, 80 mg
Oral solution: 10 mg/mL, 40 mg/5mL
Injection: 10m - 89Furosemide DDI1. Do not use w/ Aminoglycosides (Gentamicin, neomycin etc) or cisplatin (chemo drug) bc it could increase the risk of auditory toxicity
2. electrolyte disturbances may cause DIGITALIS-induced arrhythmias
3. Additive hypokalemia effect may occur w/ other K-depleted drugs. - 90Furosemide AE1. Dizziness
2. Orthostatic hypotension
3. dry mouth
4. Hearing loss
5. nausea
6. vomiting
7. Weakness
8. Muscle cramps
9. paresthesia
10. Anemia
11. Hyposensitivity
12. purpura
13. rash
14. hyperglycemia - 91Furosemide counseling1. may be taken w/ food if GI upset occurs
2. Usually given in the morning bc of diuresis
3. Don't take OTC cough or cold med, antacids, laxatives or antidiarrheal, w/o talking to your prescriber
4. Avoid overexposure to sunlight
5. May cause orthostatic hypotension - 92Furosemide monitorK
- 93Furosemide prego categoryCategory C
- 94HCTZ BrandMicrozide
- 95HCTZ Dosage FormTablet: 12.5, 25, 50 mg
Capsule: 12.5 mg [blue and white capsule]
** Take 25 -50 mg daily in a single dose or divided oral dose - 96HCTZ DDI****Same as Chlorthalidone****
1. May increase lithium serum level
2. May decrease sulfonylurea hypoglycemia
3. Use w/ diazoxide may cause hyperglycemia
4. electrolyte disturbances may cause DIGITALIS-induced arrhythmias - 97HCTZ AE1. Dry mouth
2. Muscle cramps
3. Orthostatic Hypotension
4. dizziness
5. weakness
6. anorexia
7. Anemia
8. Nausea and Vomiting
9. Diarrhea and constipation
10. hyperglycemia
11. Photosensitivity
12. rash
13. transient blurred vision - 98HCTZ counseling1. May be taken w/ food or milk if GI upset occurs
2. Take early in the morning bc of diuresis
3. Avoid excessive exposure to Sunlight - 99HCTZ monitorBP
K - 100HCTZ prego categoryCategory B
- 101Metolazone BrandZaroxolyn
- 102Metolazone Dosage FormTablets:
2.5, 5, 10 mg
* Give 5 - 20 mg QD - 103Metolazone DDI1. Avoid using w/ furosemide cus of potentially serious loss of fluid and electrolytes
2. Additive effects w/ antihypertensive meds
3. May decrease effectiveness of methenamine
4. Non steroidal anti-inflammatory agents may decrease Zaroxolyn effectiveness
5. May increase the effect of neuromuscular blocking agents
6. May increase lithium serum level
7. May decrease sulfonylurea hypoglycemia
8 Use w/ diazoxide may cause hyperglycemia
9. electrolyte disturbances may cause DIGITALIS-induced arrhythmias. - 104Metolazone AE1. Dry mouth
2. Muscle cramps
3. Orthostatic Hypotension
4. dizziness
5. weakness
6. anorexia
7. Anemia
8. Nausea and Vomiting
9. Diarrhea and constipation
10. hyperglycemia
11. Photosensitivity
12. rash
13. transient blurred vision
14. joint pain or gout attack - 105Metolazone counseling1. May take w/ food or milk if GI upset occurs
2. Take in the morning bc of diuresis
3. Avoid excessive exposure to sunlight - 106Metolazone monitorNa
K - 107Metolazone prego categoryCategory B
- 108Spironolactone BrandAldactone
- 109Spironolactone Dosage FormTablets
25, 50, 100 mg
** Give initially 100 mg QD w/ adjustment at 5 day intervals to a maintenance dose of 25 - 200 mg per day - 110Spironolactone DDI1. Use w/ captoril and other K-sparing could result in hyperkalemia
- 111Spironolactone AE1. Paresthesia
2. Weakness
3. Mental confusion
4. Dry mouth
5. Muscle cramps
6. Drowsiness
7. Diarrhea
8. Headache
9. Amenorrhea
10. gynecomastia
11. nausea/vomiting - 112Spironolactone counseling1. May take w/ food or milk if GI upset occurs
2. Take in the morning bc of diuresis
3. May cause drowsiness, be careful when operating machinery or need mental alertness - 113Spironolactone monitorFluid and Electrolyte imbalance
BEERs List
>25mg/day - 114Spironolactone prego categoryCategory B
- 115Torsemide BrandDemadex
- 116Torsemide Dosage FormTablets
5, 10, 20 100 mg
* Give initial dose of 5 - 10 mg PO QD - 117Torsemide DDI1. Salicylate excretion may decrease
2. caution w/ pt taking non-steroidal inflammatory agents due to possible renal dysfunction.
3. Indomethacin and probenecid may decrease effectiveness of torsemide
4. Cholestyramine may decrease oral bioavailability if given at the same time
5. Other diuretics have been reported to increase the toxicity of lithium and Aminoglycosides - 118Torsemide AEExcessive urination
- 119Torsemide counseling1. May take w/ food or milk if GI upset occurs
2. Take in the morning bc of diuresis
3. Don't take OTC cough or cold med, antacids, laxatives or antidiarrheal, w/o talking to your prescriber - 120Torsemide monitorK
Electrolytes - 121Torsemide prego categoryCategory B
- 122Isosorbide Mononitrate BrandImdur
- 123Isosorbide Mononitrate Dosage FormTablets (ER)
30 (peach color), 60, 120 mg
** Normal daily dose is 30 -120 mg QD at A.M. - 124Isosorbide Mononitrate DDI1. Alcohol may increase hypotensive effects
2. Additive effects may occur w/ other vasodilators especially CCBs - 125Isosorbide Mononitrate AE1. Headache
2. dizziness
3. rash
4. cutaneous vasodilation w/ flushing, nausea, vomiting, dry mouth, tinnitus, blurred vision, acne or anxiety - 126Isosorbide Mononitrate counseling1. May cause flushing and dizziness
2. May cause headache = sign of effectiveness (use ASA or APAP to trt headache, prn)
3. Swallowed whole or halved, do not crush or chew
4. Avoid alcohol when taking Imdur - 127Isosorbide Mononitrate monitorBP
Volume depletion - 128Isosorbide Mononitrate prego categoryCategory B
- 129Nitroglycerin BrandNitrosatat
Nitroquick - 130Nitroglycerin Dosage FormSublingual and Injectable
Tablets, sublingual: 0.3, 0.4, 0.6 mg
Injection: 5 mg/mL - 131Nitroglycerin DDI1. Heparin effect may decrease
2. Sildenafil citrate may increase hypotensive effect
3. dihydorergotamine may have increased effect - 132Nitroglycerin AE1. Transient headache
2. nausea and vomiting
3. dizziness
4. Flushing of face or neck
5. rapid pulse - 133Nitroglycerin counseling1. Store away from sunlight in a glass or metal container
2. Avoid alcohol, it may aggravate angina
3. Pt shd sit down when taking sublingual nitrostat to avoid lightheadedness and fainting
4. To avoid leaching, dispense tablets in original container (glass) and counsel on keeping them in the original container (to avoid leaching)
5. Close container tightly after use
6. Tablet taste bitter (tingling sensation) upon use, if not replace w/ a new supply.
7. Dissolve tablet under the tongue (do not swallow) at the first sign of attach. Do not wait until angina is severe
8. After placing first tablet under tongue, if angina is not relieved w/n 5 minutes, dissolve the second tablet under tongue and then a third tablet if necessary.
9. If pain continues or increase, notify physician or go to ER - 134Nitroglycerin monitorBP (hypotension)
hypovolemia - 135Nitroglycerin prego categoryCategory C
- 136Ranolazine BrandRanexa
- 137Ranolazine Dosage FormTablets (ER)
500 and 1000 mg - 138Ranolazine DDI*** Lots of drugs see the drug card
- 139Ranolazine AE1. dizziness
2. headache
3. constipation
4. nausea - 140Ranolazine counseling1. May cause dizziness
2. May cause lightheadedness
3. May cause fainting spell
4. Swallow whole, do not crush, chew or break tablets
5. Inform your PCP if taking OTC medication - 141Ranolazine monitorBP
RFT
QT interval prolongation - 142Ranolazine prego categoryNo data available for prego and lactation
- 143Triamterene w/ HCTZ BrandDyazide
Maxzide - 144Triamterene w/ HCTZ Dosage FormDyazide capsule = 37.5 triamterene, 25 mg HCTZ
Maxzide-25 tablet = 37.5 mg triamterene, 25 mg HCTZ
Maxzide tablet = 75 mg triamterene, 50 mg HCTZ
**Take 1 - 2 doses twice a day - 145Triamterene w/ HCTZ DDI1. Toxic effects of cardiac glycosides, diazoxide and lithium may increase
2. Hyperkalemia may result from use of K-sparing diuretics, K supplement or ACEIs
3. Sulfonylureas may have decreased effects - 146Triamterene w/ HCTZ AE1. Dry mouth
2. MUSCLE CRAMPS
3. Orthostatic Hypotension
4. dizziness
5. WEAKNESS
6. Impotence
7. Nausea and Vomiting
8. Diarrhea and constipation
9. hyperglycemia
10. Photosensitivity
12. RASH
13. transient blurred vision - 147Triamterene w/ HCTZ counseling1. Use in the morning bc of diuresis
2. May take w/ food or milk if GI upset occurs
3. Avoid prolonged exposure to sunlight - 148Triamterene w/ HCTZ monitorK
- 149Triamterene w/ HCTZ prego categoryCategory C