Flashcards
Separate but Equal
Flashcards do conjunto (23)
- 114th AmendmentOne of the Civil War Amendments; defined US citizenship and guarantees "equal protection under the laws"
- 2De Jure SegragationSegregation established by law. For example Jim Crow & the Supreme Court decision in Plessy vs. Ferguson
- 3De Facto SegregationLatin phrase that means "by fact". Segregation that occurred NOT by law but as result of tradition. Ex. In 1900's blacks and whites attended separate churches.
- 4Jim Crow LawsSegregation laws in the South
- 5Original JurisdictionAuthority of a court to hear a case for the FIRST time.
- 6Appellate JurisdictionThe authority of a court to hear a case APPEALED from a lower court.
- 7Legal BriefA written document explaining the position of one side or the other in a case.
- 8Majority OpinionA statement that presents the views of the majority of the Supreme Court justices regarding the case.
- 9Dissenting OpinionA statement written by a Supreme Court justice who disagrees with the majority opinion, presenting his or her own opinion.
- 10"Stare Decisis"Principal followed by judges and the Supreme Court: a Latin term that means "Let yesterday's decision stand"
- 11PrecedentA ruling that is used as the basis for a judicial decision in a later, similar case.
- 12Due Process of LawsMeans fair and equal treatment in a court of law.
- 13Dred Scott vs. Sanford(1857) case of a slave named Dred Scott. The Supreme Court ruled that enslaved African Americans were property, not citizens, and had no rights under the Constitution.
- 14Plessy vs. Ferguson(1896) case about Homer Plessy, a black man, who purchased a ticket to ride in the whites only railroad car in Louisiana.
- 15Brown vs. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas(1954) Banned segregation in public schools.
- 16Briggs vs. Elliot(1954) case that challenged segregated schools in Clarendon County, SC
- 17Korematsu vs. U.S.(1944) During WW11 Japanese American citizens living on the West Coast were moved to internment camps. Supreme Court upheld the President's authority to do this.
- 18University of California vs. Bakke(1978) Supreme Court case on affirmative action. It bars use of racial quota systems in college admissions but also affirmative action programs are constitutional.
- 19Reverend J. A. DelaineDied in 1974, was one of the true heroes in the civil rights struggle to break down the barriers of segregation.
- 20Harry Briggs Jr.His parents, Harry Briggs, Sr. and Eliza Briggs, were one of several groups of parents who filed suit against the school board in Clarendon County, South Carolina. This case, Briggs v. Elliott (1954) eventually became part of the Brown v. Board of Education case which declared that segregated schools were inherently unequal.
- 21Thurgood MarshallThurgood Marshall was instrumental in ending legal segregation and became the first African-American justice of the Supreme Court.
- 22John W. DavisThe lead attorney for South Carolina in the Brown vs. Board of Education case.
- 23Earl WarrenThe governor of California, who did away with the internment of Japanese Americans
