Flashcards
Arab-Israeli conflict: wars, leaders and key terms
Flashcards do conjunto (22)
- 1—•Chairman of PLO
•President of Palestinian National Authority (PNA)
•Leader of Fatah
•Fighting against Israel for Palestinian self-determination
•Advocate of terrorism
•Accepted UN Security Council Resolution 242 - 2—•Current Israeli PM
•Works with the Likud Party
•Joined ID during Six Day War
•Netanyahu opposed the Oslo Accords
- 3—•Israeli military chief of staff
•P.M of Israel (1974-77) (1992-1995)
•Assassinated in 1995 by radical right- wing orthodox Jew who opposed the singing of the Oslo Accords
•Won Nobel Peace Prize
• When P.M focused on improving economy, social problems and strengthening the IDF
- 4—• President of Egypt (1970-1981)
• 1978 Noble Peace Prize
• Assassinated by Muslim extremists in 1981
• Led Egypt to 1973 October War
• Engaged in negotiations with Israel, culminating in the Egypt-Israel Peace Treaty
• Arab’s opposed Sadat’s efforts to make peace
- 5ZIONISM~ Worldwide Jewish movement that resulted in the established and development of the State of Israel
~ Establishment and support of a national homeland for Jews in Palestine - 6DIASPORA~ Dispersion of Jews beyond Israel
~ A dispersion of people from their place of origin to countries around the world - 7HOLOCAUST~ Mass murder of 6 million Jews by the Nazis during WW2
~ Means sacrifice by fire
~ This then caused the Jews to go back to Israel, thus starting the beginning of the conflict - 8INTIFADA~ 'Uprising'
~ 1st Intifada - 1987, Palestine challenged Israel's control of occupied territories
~ 2nd Intifada - 2000, provoked by Ariel Sharon who visited a holy site in Jerusalem and they saw Sharon as a war criminal - 9SUICIDE BOMBINGS~ Used in 2nd Intifada
~ By Palestinians to target Israeli civilians
~ Palestinians supported suicide bombings, Israelis thought there was another way - 10REFUGEES~ A person who has been forced to leave their country in order to escape from persecution, war or natural disaster
~ Palestinians refugees, Arabs were left stateless after 1947 partition
~ Israel refused Palestinians to return home - ('The Catastrophe') - 11TERRORISM~ The use of violence and intimidation in the pursuit of political arms
~ Religious ideologies sometimes create a foundation for violence acts (i.e suicide bombings) - 12CAUSES~Zionism
~ 1947 Partition
~ Arab nationalism
~Balfour Declaration - 13FACTORS OF LONGEVITY~ Terrorism
~ Religion
~ Refugees
~ Land - 14PLO~ Palestine Liberation Organisation
~ Terrorist organisation
~ Founded 1964
~ Primary goal is the destruction of Israel through armed forces
~ Since it found, PLO has sponsored innumerable guerrilla raids on Israelis
~ E.g. Munich Olympic Games - 15HAMAS~ Militant fundamentalist Islamic Organisation
~ Palestinians
~ 1987 founded by Amhed Yassin
~ Best known for using violent methods - suicide bombings against Israeli military and civilians as part as their plan for an Islamic Palestinians State instead of Israel
~ Terrorist organisation - 16ISLAMIC JIHAD~ Formed in 1978 by Fathi Shaqaqi
~ Committed to the creation of an Islamic Palestinians State and the destruction of Israeli through Jihad (meaning holy war)
~ Terrorist organisation
~ In 1980s challenged PLO for Palestinian cause - 17YOM KIPPUR WAR (background, what happened?)~ Egyptian and Syrian forces launched an attack on Israel on Yom Kippur
~ Egyptians troops went into the Sinai Peninsula
~ Syria struggled to throw occupying Israeli troops out of Golan Heights
~ Egypt and Syria wanted to restore their national pride and free their territory from Israeli occupation
~ From 1973, Egypt and Syria held secret talks to plan
~ Israel counterattacked and recaptured Golan Heights - 18YOM KIPPUR WAR (the results)~ Israel's victory came at the cost of casualties and Israelis criticised the governments' lack of preparedness
~ For Syria, this war was a disaster
~ Arabs controlled oil supplied as a weapon against Israel's supporters (USA etc.)
~ USA and Europe were disrupted
~ They began to apply pressure for a ceasefire
~ They agreed on 24/10/73 - 19YOM KIPPUR WAR (relations after war)ISRAELI-EGYPTIAN RELATIONS
~ Israel agreed to withdraw from Suez Canal in 1974
~ Egypt promised not to use force against Israel and opened Suez canal to non-military Israeli shipping - 20SIX DAY WAR (background, what happened?)~ June 1967
~ 5th - 10th
~ Between Israel, Egypt, Jordan and Syria
~ Cause - Israel's policy of diverting water from the Jordan River down to the Neger Desert angered Arabs
~ Terrorist activity increased during 1960's
~ Economic problems (Israel) was a major war for wanting a war with the Arab
~ It would distract people's minds from unemployment and low growth and would also bring foreign money to boost he economy - 21SIX DAY WAR (results)SHORT TERM
~ The Khartoum Resolution
~ Resolution 242
~ President Johnson's Five Principles
LONG TERM
~ Palestinians Economic Growth
~ Occupation
~ Arab Refugees
~ Settlements - 22OSLO ACCORDS~ 1993
~ To set up a framework that would lead to the resolution of the ongoing Israeli Palestinian conflict.
~ It was the first face-to-face agreement between the government of Israel and the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO).
~ Agreed to recognize Yasser Arafat as its partner in peace talks, and agreed to recognize Palestinian autonomy in the West Bank and Gaza Strip by beginning to withdraw from the cities of Gaza and Jericho -- essentially exchanging land for peace.
~ The Palestinians in turn recognized Israel's right to exist while also renouncing the use of terrorism and its long-held call for Israel's destruction.
Informações
- Descrição
- FlashCards sobre Sem título, criado por georgie.3 em 12-06-2014.
- Criado por
- georgie.3 · jun 2014
- Atualizado
- 3 fev 2018
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