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KNES 259 - Lecture Midterm Practice Exam

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Practice Exam for Kinesiology 259 Physiology Section
Amy Goulden
Quiz by Amy Goulden, updated more than 1 year ago
Amy Goulden
Created by Amy Goulden over 6 years ago
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Resource summary

Question 1

Question
Enzymes...
Answer
  • lower activation energy and catalyze reactions
  • are affected by temperature and pH
  • can be regulated and inhibited
  • are necessary for most body reactions
  • all of the above

Question 2

Question
Homologous chromosomes move toward opposite poles of a dividing cell during:
Answer
  • Mitosis
  • Meiosis 1
  • Meiosis 2
  • Cytokinesis
  • More than one is correct

Question 3

Question
A white blood cell that destroys bacteria and removes debris would contain many:
Answer
  • mitochondria
  • lysosomes
  • peroxisomes
  • golgi bodies
  • none of the above

Question 4

Question
Which component is the LEAST involved in translation and protein production?
Answer
  • mRNA
  • DNA
  • tRNA
  • Ribosomes
  • Aminoacyl-tRNA-synthesase

Question 5

Question
What is NOT needed to initiate transcription?
Answer
  • TATA Box
  • Transcription factors
  • RNA Polymerase
  • 5' Cap and Poly-A-Tail
  • None of the above are needed

Question 6

Question
During aerobic respiration, energy (and electrons) are transferred downhill in which sequence?
Answer
  • glucose →pyruvate→ATP→oxygen
  • food→NADH→electron transport chain→ATP
  • food→glycolysis→ATP→NADH
  • glucose→ATP→electron transport chain→NADH
  • food→glycolysis→kreb’s cycle→electron transport chain→ATP

Question 7

Question
Choose the incorrect statement about DNA replication:
Answer
  • Ligase connects the okazaki fragments after they are formed
  • Okazaki fragments are formed on the leading strand
  • Primase lays down an RNA primer to initiate an okazaki fragment
  • Polymerase I replaces the RNA primer with DNA
  • none – all of the above are correct

Question 8

Question
During mitosis, which is not a part of prophase?
Answer
  • condensing of the chromatin
  • disintegration of the nuclear membrane
  • crossing over
  • movement of the centrioles
  • none –all of the above are correct

Question 9

Question
Which of the following is true concerning cancer cells?
Answer
  • They do not exhibit density-dependent inhibition when growing in culture.
  • When they stop dividing, they do so at random points in the cell cycle.
  • They are not subject to cell cycle controls.
  • All of the above
  • Only two of the above

Question 10

Question
Which of the following statements about genes is incorrect?
Answer
  • Genes correspond to segments of DNA
  • Many genes contain the information needed for cells to synthesize enzymes and other proteins
  • Under normal circumstances, each chromosome contains one gene
  • Genetic differences can result from changes in the DNA called mutations
  • None - all of the above are correct

Question 11

Question
Meiosis:
Answer
  • creates gametes for sexual reproduction
  • results in 2 daughter cells with half the DNA
  • doubles its DNA twice
  • two are correct
  • none of the above are correct

Question 12

Question
The strands that make up DNA are antiparallel. This means that
Answer
  • the twisting nature of DNA creates nonparallel strands
  • the 5' to 3' direction of one strand runs counter to the 5' to 3' direction of the other strand
  • base pairings create unequal spacing between the two DNA strands
  • one strand is positively charged and the other is negatively charged
  • more than one is correct

Question 13

Question
Choose an incorrect statement about cytokinesis
Answer
  • it involves actin and myosin
  • it occurs in telophase
  • it is the splitting of the cytoplasm
  • none - all of the above are correct
  • two of the above are correct

Question 14

Question
NADH
Answer
  • is produced in glycolysis
  • is produced in Kreb's cycle
  • shuttles ions to the ETC
  • all of the above
  • only two of the above

Question 15

Question
Nucleic acids are the building blocks for
Answer
  • proteins
  • fats
  • DNA
  • starch
  • more than one is correct

Question 16

Question
A red blood cell was placed in a salt solution and got swollen. The solution was:
Answer
  • hypertonic to the cell
  • isotonic to the cell
  • hypotonic to the cell
  • none of the above - osmosis is not invovlved

Question 17

Question
How does facilitated diffusion differ from active transport?
Answer
  • Only active transport rewuires energy
  • only active transprot binds the molecule in a protein receptor site
  • only active transport goes against the concentration gradient
  • all of the above
  • only two of the above are correct

Question 18

Question
The glycocalyx of the cell membrane may
Answer
  • play a role in cell communication
  • help with cell orientation
  • be a boundary for cell growth
  • all of the above
  • only two of the above are correct

Question 19

Question
Chemiosmosis involves the enzyme
Answer
  • hexokinase
  • phosphofructokinase
  • Na/K ATPase
  • ATP synthases
  • none of the above

Question 20

Question
Allosteric control of cellular respiration involves the enzyme
Answer
  • hexokinase
  • pyruvate kinase
  • phosphofructokinase
  • aldolase
  • all of the above

Question 21

Question
The final acceptor of electrons in oxidative phosphorylation is
Answer
  • oxygen
  • water
  • NADH
  • ATP
  • None of the above

Question 22

Question
The first step in metabolism of fatty acids involves
Answer
  • glycolysis
  • beta oxidation
  • Kreb's cycle
  • oxidative phosphorylation
  • none of the above

Question 23

Question
Which of the following is NOT a function of the membrane proteins?
Answer
  • serve as channels
  • membrane enxymes
  • serve as carriers
  • serve as receptor sites
  • none - all of the above are correct

Question 24

Question
An example of genetic co-dominance would be
Answer
  • skin colour
  • eye colour
  • blood types
  • freckles
  • none of the above

Question 25

Question
Select the correct statement about diffusion:
Answer
  • it depends on random movement
  • it involves active forces
  • its rate increases as temperature decreases
  • The chemical gradient of a substance does not affect it
  • none of these statements are correct

Question 26

Question
A cell placed in a hypertonic solution will
Answer
  • hemolyze
  • crenate
  • lose water to solution
  • a and c
  • b and c

Question 27

Question
Which of the following mechanisms is not used to transport Na+ within the body cells?
Answer
  • channel transport
  • co-transport facilitated diffusion
  • active transport
  • facilitated diffusion - counter-transport
  • none - all of the above are used

Question 28

Question
What mechanisms are used to transport glucose in the cell?
Answer
  • channel mediated transport
  • diffusion
  • active transport
  • carrier-mediated diffusion
  • none of the above

Question 29

Question
Which of the following is not associated with the cell cytosol?
Answer
  • synthesis of proteins for export from the cell
  • enzymatic regulation of glycolytic metabolism
  • presence of cytoskeletal elements
  • glycolysis
  • none - all are associated with the cytosol

Question 30

Question
Phospholipids
Answer
  • each consist of a polar, hydrophilic phosphate head and two non-polar, hydrophobic fatty acid tails
  • are aligned in a lipid bilayer in the plasma membrane
  • serve as carrier molecules for lipid-soluble substances
  • all of the above are correct
  • only two of the above are correct

Question 31

Question
During prophase 1, a homologous pair of chromosomes consists of
Answer
  • four chromosomes and two chromatids.
  • two chromosomes and two chromatids.
  • two chromosomes and four chromatids.
  • one chromosome and two chromatids.
  • one chromosome and four chromatids.

Question 32

Question
Okazaki fragments
Answer
  • are a type of Japanese sushi
  • are a new set of yoga movements
  • are an asian painting technique
  • are a replication segment on the lagging strand
  • none of the above

Question 33

Question
In cell communication, which of the following would NOT be a second messenger?
Answer
  • calcium
  • calmodulin
  • cAMP
  • a protein hormore
  • none - all are considered second messengers

Question 34

Question
Plasma membranes are _____, which means that some chemicals move easily through plasma membrane while other chemicals do not.
Answer
  • selectively permeable
  • concentration graded
  • electrically graded
  • selectively soluble
  • electrical insulators

Question 35

Question
This is the transport process by which gases, like O2 and CO2, move through a membrane
Answer
  • osmosis
  • active transport
  • secondary active transport
  • simple diffusion
  • endocytosis

Question 36

Question
A group of cells is assayed for DNA content immediately following mitosis and is found to have an average of 8 picograms of DNA per nucleus. Those cells would have ________ picograms at the end of the S phase and ________ picograms at the end of G2
Answer
  • 8;8
  • 8;16
  • 16;8
  • 16;16
  • 16;32

Question 37

Question
If the non-diffusible solute concentration is greater inside of the cell than outside the cell, water will move by osmosis
Answer
  • into the cell
  • out of the cell
  • into and out of the cell at the same rate resulting in no net water movement
  • more information is needed

Question 38

Question
Microfilaments, intermediate filaments and microtubules are all components of a cell's
Answer
  • cytoskeleton
  • nucleus
  • plasma membrane
  • flagella
  • ribosome

Question 39

Question
Which of the following membrane-enclosed organelles modifies, sorts, and packages proteins destined for other regions of the cell or for export?
Answer
  • endoplasmic reticulum
  • golgi complex
  • peroxisomes
  • nucleus
  • proteasome

Question 40

Question
This portion of a DNA segment does not code for a protein
Answer
  • RNA
  • introns
  • exons
  • polyribosome
  • ribosome

Question 41

Question
During this phase of cell division, organelles duplicate and centrosome replication begins
Answer
  • interphase
  • prophase
  • metaphase
  • anaphase
  • telophase

Question 42

Question
null
Answer
  • choose this
  • do not choose this

Question 43

Question
The following is a particular sequence of base triplet on a DNA molecule: ATG. What is the corresponding codon for the mRNA?
Answer
  • TAC
  • GUA
  • GTA
  • CTA
  • UAC

Question 44

Question
The following is a particular sequence of codon on mRNA: ACU. What is the corresponding anti-codon for the tRNA?
Answer
  • UGA
  • UCA
  • TGA
  • TCA
  • AUC

Question 45

Question
Somatic cells contain only 1 nucleus. An exception to this would be
Answer
  • red blood cells
  • mucscle cells
  • neurons
  • connective tissue
  • two of the above are exceptions

Question 46

Question
In this type of transport process, a solute (e.g. glucose) binds to a specific carrier protein on one side of the membrane. This binding induces a conformational change in the carrier protein that results in the solute moving down its concentration gradient to the other side of the membrane
Answer
  • osmosis
  • active transport
  • secondary active transport
  • facilitated diffusion
  • endocytosis

Question 47

Question
A mutation in which part of a gene is likely to be most damaging to a cell?
Answer
  • intron
  • exon
  • telomere
  • Poly A tail
  • all would be equally damaging

Question 48

Question
Nucleotides are to ________________ as _____________________ are to proteins.
Answer
  • amino acids; polypeptides
  • DNA; amino acids
  • genes; enzymes
  • ribosomes; enzymes
  • none of the above

Question 49

Question
In the absence of oxygen,
Answer
  • beta oxidation occurs
  • pyruvate converts to lactic acid
  • glycolysis stops
  • all of the above
  • two of the above

Question 50

Question
Choose the incorrect statement about DNA and DNA replication
Answer
  • cytosine always binds with guanine
  • the DNA strands are anti-parallel
  • in replication, the nucleotides are added to the daughter strand at the 5' end
  • the leading strand builds its daughter strand toward the replication fork
  • none - all of the above are correct

Question 51

Question
Epithelial tissue
Answer
  • is used as a covering of body surfaces
  • is used as a lining of body cavities and hollow organs
  • is used to form glands
  • usually has a free surface that interacts with the external environment
  • all of these answer choices are correct

Question 52

Question
Which type of epithelial tissue forms the most superficial layer of the skin?
Answer
  • Simple squamous epithelium
  • Simple cuboidal epithelium
  • Stratified squamous epithelium
  • Stratified cuboidal epithelium
  • Simple columnar epithelium

Question 53

Question
In which of the following locations would you most likely find transitional epithelial cells?
Answer
  • Lining of the esophagus
  • Outer layer of the skin
  • Lining of the urinary bladder
  • On the surface of the heart
  • Covering skull bones

Question 54

Question
The main function of dense regular connective tissues is
Answer
  • storing minerals for later use
  • forming stroma of soft organs
  • reducing heat loss from the body surface
  • providing strong attachment with tendons and ligaments
  • providing elasticity to stretchable organs
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