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Cultural Anthropology Final Part 2

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Part 2 of Cultural Anthropology 063 Final
Amtoj Singh
Quiz by Amtoj Singh, updated more than 1 year ago
Amtoj Singh
Created by Amtoj Singh over 6 years ago
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Resource summary

Question 1

Question
Life Chances
Answer
  • The reputation, influence, and deference bestowed on certain people because of their membership in certain groups.
  • An individual's opportunities to improve quality of life and achieve life goals.
  • The movement of one's class position, upward or downward, in stratified societies.
  • The phenomenon whereby social and class relations of prestige or lack of prestige are passed from one generation to the next.

Question 2

Question
Social Mobility
Answer
  • The phenomenon whereby social and class relations of prestige or lack of prestige are passed from one generation to the next.
  • Bourdieu's term to describe the self-perceptions and beliefs that develop as part of one's social identity and shape one's conceptions of the world and where one fits in it.
  • The movement of one's class position, upward or downward, in stratified societies.
  • Humans who subsist by hunting, fishing, and gathering foods to eat.

Question 3

Question
Social reproduction
Answer
  • The phenomenon whereby social and class relations of prestige or lack of prestige are passed from one generation to the next.
  • Bourdieu's term to describe the self-perceptions and beliefs that develop as part of one's social identity and shape one's conceptions of the world and where one fits in it.
  • A cultural adaptation to the environment that enables a group of humans to use the available resources to satisfy their needs and to survive.
  • Humans who subsist by hunting, fishing, and gathering foods to eat.

Question 4

Question
Habitus
Answer
  • Bourdieu's term to describe the self-perceptions and beliefs that develop as part of one's social identity and shape one's conceptions of the world and where one fits in it.
  • A cultural adaptation to the environment that enables a group of humans to use the available resources to satisfy their needs and to survive.
  • Humans who subsist by hunting, fishing, and gathering foods to eat.
  • A strategy for food production involving the domestication of animals.

Question 5

Question
Economy
Answer
  • Humans who subsist by hunting, fishing, and gathering foods to eat.
  • A strategy for food production involving the domestication of animals.
  • The cultivation of plants for subsistence through non-intensive use of land and labor.
  • A cultural adaptation to the environment that enables a group of humans to use the available resources to satisfy their needs and to survive.

Question 6

Question
Food Foragers
Answer
  • Humans who subsist by hunting, fishing, and gathering foods to eat.
  • A strategy for food production involving the domestication of animals.
  • The cultivation of plants for subsistence through non-intensive use of land and labor.
  • An intensive farming strategy for food production involving permanently cultivated land.

Question 7

Question
Pastoralism
Answer
  • A strategy for food production involving the domestication of animals.
  • The cultivation of plants for subsistence through non-intensive use of land and labor.
  • An intensive farming strategy for food production involving permanently cultivated land.
  • The exchange of resources, goods, and services among people of relatively equal status; meant to create and reinforce social ties.

Question 8

Question
Horticulture
Answer
  • The cultivation of plants for subsistence through non-intensive use of land and labor.
  • An intensive farming strategy for food production involving permanently cultivated land.
  • The exchange of resources, goods, and services among people of relatively equal status; meant to create and reinforce social ties.
  • A form of exchange in which accumulated wealth is collected from the members of the group and reallocated in a different pattern.

Question 9

Question
Agriculture
Answer
  • An intensive farming strategy for food production involving permanently cultivated land.
  • The exchange of resources, goods, and services among people of relatively equal status; meant to create and reinforce social ties.
  • A form of exchange in which accumulated wealth is collected from the members of the group and reallocated in a different pattern.
  • A critique of modernization theory that argued that, despite the end of colonialism, the underlying economic relations of the modern world economic system had not changed.

Question 10

Question
Reciprocity
Answer
  • The exchange of resources, goods, and services among people of relatively equal status; meant to create and reinforce social ties.
  • A form of exchange in which accumulated wealth is collected from the members of the group and reallocated in a different pattern.
  • A critique of modernization theory that argued that, despite the end of colonialism, the underlying economic relations of the modern world economic system had not changed.
  • The term used to suggest that poor countries are poor as a result of their relationship to an unbalanced global economic system.

Question 11

Question
Redistribution
Answer
  • A form of exchange in which accumulated wealth is collected from the members of the group and reallocated in a different pattern.
  • A critique of modernization theory that argued that, despite the end of colonialism, the underlying economic relations of the modern world economic system had not changed.
  • The term used to suggest that poor countries are poor as a result of their relationship to an unbalanced global economic system.
  • Industrialized former colonial states that dominate the world economic system.

Question 12

Question
Dependency Theory
Answer
  • A critique of modernization theory that argued that, despite the end of colonialism, the underlying economic relations of the modern world economic system had not changed.
  • The term used to suggest that poor countries are poor as a result of their relationship to an unbalanced global economic system.
  • Industrialized former colonial states that dominate the world economic system.
  • The least developed and least powerful nations; often exploited by the core countries as sources of raw materials, cheap labor, and markets.

Question 13

Question
Underdevelopment
Answer
  • The term used to suggest that poor countries are poor as a result of their relationship to an unbalanced global economic system.
  • Industrialized former colonial states that dominate the world economic system.
  • The least developed and least powerful nations; often exploited by the core countries as sources of raw materials, cheap labor, and markets.
  • The dominant model of industrial production for much of the twentieth century, based on a social compact between labor, capital, and government.

Question 14

Question
Core Countries
Answer
  • Industrialized former colonial states that dominate the world economic system.
  • The least developed and least powerful nations; often exploited by the core countries as sources of raw materials, cheap labor, and markets.
  • The dominant model of industrial production for much of the twentieth century, based on a social compact between labor, capital, and government.
  • The increasingly flexible strategies that corporations use to accumulate profits in an era of globalization, enabled by innovative communication and transportation technologies.

Question 15

Question
Periphery countries
Answer
  • The least developed and least powerful nations; often exploited by the core countries as sources of raw materials, cheap labor, and markets.
  • The dominant model of industrial production for much of the twentieth century, based on a social compact between labor, capital, and government.
  • The increasingly flexible strategies that corporations use to accumulate profits in an era of globalization, enabled by innovative communication and transportation technologies.
  • An economic and political worldview that sees the free market as the main mechanism for ensuring economic growth, with a severely restricted role for government.

Question 16

Question
Fordism
Answer
  • The increasingly flexible strategies that corporations use to accumulate profits in an era of globalization, enabled by innovative communication and transportation technologies.
  • The dominant model of industrial production for much of the twentieth century, based on a social compact between labor, capital, and government.
  • An economic and political worldview that sees the free market as the main mechanism for ensuring economic growth, with a severely restricted role for government.
  • The forces that spur migration from the country of origin and draw immigrants to a particular new destination country.

Question 17

Question
Flexible Accumulation
Answer
  • An economic and political worldview that sees the free market as the main mechanism for ensuring economic growth, with a severely restricted role for government.
  • The increasingly flexible strategies that corporations use to accumulate profits in an era of globalization, enabled by innovative communication and transportation technologies.
  • The forces that spur migration from the country of origin and draw immigrants to a particular new destination country.
  • migration The movement of people within their own national borders.

Question 18

Question
Neoliberalism
Answer
  • An economic and political worldview that sees the free market as the main mechanism for ensuring economic growth, with a severely restricted role for government.
  • The forces that spur migration from the country of origin and draw immigrants to a particular new destination country.
  • The movement of people within their own national borders.
  • A person who moves in search of a low-skill and low-wage job, often filling an economic niche that native-born workers will not fill.

Question 19

Question
Pushes and Pulls
Answer
  • The forces that spur migration from the country of origin and draw immigrants to a particular new destination country.
  • The movement of people within their own national borders.
  • A person who moves in search of a low-skill and low-wage job, often filling an economic niche that native-born workers will not fill.
  • A small kinship-based group of foragers who hunt and gather for a living over a particular territory.

Question 20

Question
Internal migration
Answer
  • The movement of people within their own national borders.
  • A person who moves in search of a low-skill and low-wage job, often filling an economic niche that native-born workers will not fill.
  • The forces that spur migration from the country of origin and draw immigrants to a particular new destination country.
  • A small kinship-based group of foragers who hunt and gather for a living over a particular territory.

Question 21

Question
Labor migrant
Answer
  • A person who moves in search of a low-skill and low-wage job, often filling an economic niche that native-born workers will not fill.
  • A small kinship-based group of foragers who hunt and gather for a living over a particular territory.
  • Originally viewed as a culturally distinct, multiband population that imagined itself as one people descended from a common ancestor; currently used to describe an indigenous group with its own set of loyalties and leaders living to some extent outside the control of a centralized authoritative state.
  • An autonomous political unit composed of a number of villages or communities under the permanent control of a paramount chief.

Question 22

Question
Band
Answer
  • A small kinship-based group of foragers who hunt and gather for a living over a particular territory.
  • Originally viewed as a culturally distinct, multiband population that imagined itself as one people descended from a common ancestor; currently used to describe an indigenous group with its own set of loyalties and leaders living to some extent outside the control of a centralized authoritative state.
  • An autonomous political unit composed of a number of villages or communities under the permanent control of a paramount chief.
  • An autonomous regional structure of political, economic, and military rule with a central government authorized to make laws and use force to maintain order and defend its territory.

Question 23

Question
Hegemony
Answer
  • The ability of a dominant group to create consent and agreement within a population without the use or threat of force.
  • The potential power of individuals and groups to contest cultural norms, values, symbols, mental maps of reality, institutions, and structures of power.
  • A set of beliefs based on a unique vision of how the world ought to be, often revealed insights into a supernatural power and lived out in community.
  • An act or series of acts regularly repeated over years or generations that embody the beliefs of a group of people and create a sense of continuity and belonging.

Question 24

Question
Agency
Answer
  • The potential power of individuals and groups to contest cultural norms, values, symbols, mental maps of reality, institutions, and structures of power.
  • A set of beliefs based on a unique vision of how the world ought to be, often revealed insights into a supernatural power and lived out in community.
  • Anything that is considered holy.
  • An act or series of acts regularly repeated over years or generations that embody the beliefs of a group of people and create a sense of continuity and belonging.

Question 25

Question
Rite of Passage
Answer
  • A category of ritual that enacts a change of status from one life stage to another, either for an individual or a group.
  • A part-time religious practitioner with special abilities to connect individuals with supernatural powers or beings.
  • The use of spells, incantations, words, and actions in an attempt to compel supernatural forces to act in certain ways, whether for good or evil.
  • A ritual performance that achieves efficacy by imitating the desired magical result.

Question 26

Question
Shaman
Answer
  • A part-time religious practitioner with special abilities to connect individuals with supernatural powers or beings.
  • The use of spells, incantations, words, and actions in an attempt to compel supernatural forces to act in certain ways, whether for good or evil.
  • A ritual performance that achieves efficacy by imitating the desired magical result.
  • Ritual words or performances that achieve efficacy as certain materials that come into contact with one person carry a magical connection that allows power to be transferred from one person to another.

Question 27

Question
Magic
Answer
  • The use of spells, incantations, words, and actions in an attempt to compel supernatural forces to act in certain ways, whether for good or evil.
  • A ritual performance that achieves efficacy by imitating the desired magical result.
  • Ritual words or performances that achieve efficacy as certain materials that come into contact with one person carry a magical connection that allows power to be transferred from one person to another.
  • The absence of disease and infirmity, as well as the presence of physical, mental, and social well-being.

Question 28

Question
Imitative Magic
Answer
  • A ritual performance that achieves efficacy by imitating the desired magical result.
  • Ritual words or performances that achieve efficacy as certain materials that come into contact with one person carry a magical connection that allows power to be transferred from one person to another.
  • The absence of disease and infirmity, as well as the presence of physical, mental, and social well-being.
  • A discrete natural entity that can be clinically identified and treated by a health professional.

Question 29

Question
Contagious magic
Answer
  • Ritual words or performances that achieve efficacy as certain materials that come into contact with one person carry a magical connection that allows power to be transferred from one person to another.
  • The absence of disease and infirmity, as well as the presence of physical, mental, and social well-being.
  • A discrete natural entity that can be clinically identified and treated by a health professional.
  • Local systems of health and healing rooted in culturally specific norms and values.

Question 30

Question
Health
Answer
  • The absence of disease and infirmity, as well as the presence of physical, mental, and social well-being.
  • A discrete natural entity that can be clinically identified and treated by a health professional.
  • Local systems of health and healing rooted in culturally specific norms and values.
  • A practice, often associated with Western medicine, that seeks to apply the principles of biology and the natural sciences to the practice of diagnosing disease and promoting healing.

Question 31

Question
Disease
Answer
  • A discrete natural entity that can be clinically identified and treated by a health professional.
  • Local systems of health and healing rooted in culturally specific norms and values.
  • A practice, often associated with Western medicine, that seeks to apply the principles of biology and the natural sciences to the practice of diagnosing disease and promoting healing.
  • The exchange of resources, goods, and services among people of relatively equal status; meant to create and reinforce social ties.

Question 32

Question
Ethnomedicine
Answer
  • Local systems of health and healing rooted in culturally specific norms and values.
  • A practice, often associated with Western medicine, that seeks to apply the principles of biology and the natural sciences to the practice of diagnosing disease and promoting healing.
  • The exchange of resources, goods, and services among people of relatively equal status; meant to create and reinforce social ties.
  • A form of exchange in which accumulated wealth is collected from the members of the group and reallocated in a different pattern.

Question 33

Question
Biomedicine
Answer
  • A practice, often associated with Western medicine, that seeks to apply the principles of biology and the natural sciences to the practice of diagnosing disease and promoting healing.
  • The exchange of resources, goods, and services among people of relatively equal status; meant to create and reinforce social ties.
  • A form of exchange in which accumulated wealth is collected from the members of the group and reallocated in a different pattern.
  • Local systems of health and healing rooted in culturally specific norms and values.

Question 34

Question
Polygyny
Answer
  • Marriage between one man and two or more women.
  • Marxist term for the capitalist class that owns the means of production.
  • Post WWII economic theories that predicted that with the end of colonialism, less-developed countries would follow the same trajectory towards modernization as the industrialized countries.
  • The individual patient's experience of sickness.

Question 35

Question
Bourgeoisie
Answer
  • Marxist term for the capitalist class that owns the means of production.
  • Post WWII economic theories that predicted that with the end of colonialism, less-developed countries would follow the same trajectory towards modernization as the industrialized countries.
  • The individual patient's experience of sickness.
  • Marriage between one man and two or more women.

Question 36

Question
Modernization Theories
Answer
  • Post WWII economic theories that predicted that with the end of colonialism, less-developed countries would follow the same trajectory towards modernization as the industrialized countries.
  • The individual patient's experience of sickness.
  • Marriage between one man and two or more women.
  • Marxist term for the capitalist class that owns the means of production.

Question 37

Question
Illness
Answer
  • The individual patient's experience of sickness.
  • Post WWII economic theories that predicted that with the end of colonialism, less-developed countries would follow the same trajectory towards modernization as the industrialized countries.
  • Marxist term for the capitalist class that owns the means of production.
  • Marriage between one man and two or more women.
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