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Hydrocephalus

Description

Hydrocephalus lecture given by Dr Ibrahim
Matthew Coulson
Quiz by Matthew Coulson, updated more than 1 year ago
Matthew Coulson
Created by Matthew Coulson over 5 years ago
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Resource summary

Question 1

Question
What is the mean CSF pressure?
Answer
  • 5 mmHg
  • 10 mmHg
  • 15 mmHg

Question 2

Question
A CSF pressure of greater than [blank_start]15[blank_end]mmHg represents an abnormally high pressure.
Answer
  • 15
  • 20
  • 10

Question 3

Question
Most of the CSF in the brain is produced by [blank_start]choroid[blank_end] plexuses
Answer
  • choroid

Question 4

Question
CSF is for the most part absorbed into the subarachnoid space via
Answer
  • Arachnoid granulations
  • Dura granulations
  • Arachnoid pillars
  • Dura pillars
  • Dura pillars

Question 5

Question
The main role of the CSF in supporting the brain is to reduce its effective ...?
Answer
  • Weight
  • Size
  • Shape

Question 6

Question
A baby with Hydrocephalus may present with which of the following clinical signs? (4 answers)
Answer
  • Unusually large head
  • Thin, shiny scalp with easily visible veins
  • Bulging fontanelle
  • Downward looking eyes
  • Upward looking eyes
  • Bulging eyes
  • Unusually small head

Question 7

Question
Ventriculomegaly is a brain condition of the foetus whereby the [blank_start]lateral ventricles[blank_end] become dilated.
Answer
  • lateral ventricles
  • 3rd ventricle
  • 4th ventricle
  • 3rd & 4th ventricles

Question 8

Question
When performing a ventriculoperitoneal shunt to drain a hydrocephalus, there is a risk of infection. What should be used within the shunt to prevent this?
Answer
  • Iodine
  • Triclocarban
  • Benzalkonium Chloride
  • Chlorine

Question 9

Question
In children, Hydrocephalus causes the eyes to become fixed in which direction?
Answer
  • Gazing downwards
  • Gazing upwards
  • Cross eyed
  • Gazing left
  • Gazing right

Question 10

Question
What are the three main symptoms of Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus in adults?
Answer
  • Ataxia
  • Memory decline
  • Incontinence
  • Headaches
  • Ear ache
  • Vomiting

Question 11

Question
Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus usually occurs in those [blank_start]over 60[blank_end] and is one of the potentially reversible causes of [blank_start]dementia[blank_end]
Answer
  • Dementia
  • Parkinson's disease
  • over 60
  • under 60
  • Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease

Question 12

Question
The ataxia associated with normal pressure hydrocephalus is usually related to the ...
Answer
  • arms
  • legs
  • head & necl

Question 13

Question
Of the symptoms associated with normal pressure hydrocephalus, which tends to present first?
Answer
  • Ataxia
  • Memory dysfunction
  • Urinary incontinence

Question 14

Question
For normal pressure hydrocephalus, what is the most widely used method of treatment?
Answer
  • Lumboperitoneal shunt
  • Ventriculoperitoneal shunt
  • Endoscopic ventriculostomy

Question 15

Question
A 47 year old woman presents to her GP complaining of visual field constriction and headaches. She has a BMI of 31 and a PMH of hypothyroidism. It is likely that she is suffering from [blank_start]Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension[blank_end]
Answer
  • Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension
  • Hydrocephalus
  • Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus
  • AIDS

Question 16

Question
A 67 year old woman presents with her daughter, who describes her mother as having had increasing problems with her memory over the past year. She has also developed a urinary incontinence. What condition may be causing her memory problems?
Answer
  • Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus
  • Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension

Question 17

Question
Which of the following signs would you expect to find on fundoscopy of a patient with idiopathic intracranial hypertension?
Answer
  • Papilloedema
  • Corneal injection
  • Venous engorgement
  • Micro-haemorrhages
  • Exudates

Question 18

Question
The standard diagnostic investigation for Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension is a measurement of the lumbar pressure. If a lumbar puncture finds the CSF pressure to be over [blank_start]25[blank_end]cm CSF, then the condition is very likely.
Answer
  • 25
  • 15
  • 20

Question 19

Question
Both CT and MRI scans are normal in cases of idiopathic intracranial hypertension and therefore these modes of investigation are not diagnostically useful.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 20

Question
In most cases, the main treatment for idiopathic intracranial hypertension is ...
Answer
  • Weight loss
  • Lumbar puncture
  • Venous stenting
  • Diuretics

Question 21

Question
Orthostatic headache is a medical condition in which a person develops a headache while [blank_start]vertical[blank_end] and the headache is relieved when [blank_start]horizontal[blank_end]
Answer
  • vertical
  • horizontal
  • horizontal
  • vertical

Question 22

Question
An orthostatic headache is the main symptom of a condition of negative CSF pressure within the brain cavity. This condition is called [blank_start]Spontaneous Intracranial Hypotension[blank_end].
Answer
  • Spontaneous Intracranial Hypotension

Question 23

Question
[blank_start]Spontaneous Intracranial Hypotension[blank_end]: Headache relieved by lying horizontally [blank_start]Meningitis[blank_end]: Headache exacerbated by lying horizontally
Answer
  • Meningitis
  • Spontaneous Intracranial Hypotension
  • Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus
  • Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension

Question 24

Question
What would the following investigations show in a patient with spontaneous intracranial hypotension? Lumbar puncture: [blank_start]Low CSF pressure[blank_end] MRI Head: [blank_start]Meningeal enhancement[blank_end]
Answer
  • Low CSF pressure
  • High CSF pressure
  • Normal CSF pressure
  • Meningeal enhancement
  • Ventricular enhancement

Question 25

Question
Name the condition: A generic term referring to a disorder in which a cyst or cavity forms within the spinal cord [blank_start]Syringomyelia[blank_end]
Answer
  • Syringomyelia

Question 26

Question
One of the early signs of Syringomyelia is the development of hyperhidrosis. What is this?
Answer
  • Excessive sweating
  • Excessive saliva production
  • Excessive urination
  • Excessive CSF production
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