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Pharmacology MCQs 2- 4th Year- PMU

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Pharmacology MCQs- 4th Year- PMU
Med Student
Quiz by Med Student , updated more than 1 year ago
Med Student
Created by Med Student over 5 years ago
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Resource summary

Question 1

Question
Functional antagonists of histamine are
Answer
  • corticosteroids
  • opoid analgesics
  • adrenalin
  • neuroepileptics

Question 2

Question
2nd generation H1-blockers are
Answer
  • Loratidine (Claritin)
  • Fexofenadine (Telfast)
  • Cetirizine (Zodac)
  • Dimenhydrinate (Vomacur)

Question 3

Question
H2-blockers are
Answer
  • Omeprazole (Sopral)
  • Ranitidine (Zantac)
  • Bismuth collodial (De-nol)
  • Famotidine (Famultran)

Question 4

Question
5-HT 1D agonists are
Answer
  • Sumatripan (Imigran)
  • Ranitidine (Zantac)
  • Loratidine (Claritin)
  • Naratripan (Naramig)

Question 5

Question
5-HT3 antagonists is
Answer
  • Naratripan (Naramig)
  • Ondansetron (Zofran)
  • Clozapine (Leponex)
  • Desloratidine (Aerius)

Question 6

Question
What is the mechanism of action of local anesthetics?
Answer
  • they reversibly block activated sodium channels
  • they block the potassium channels
  • they block the conduction of action potentials along axons
  • they block the β-receptors in the cell membrane

Question 7

Question
Which one of the following local anesthetics causes vasoconstriction?
Answer
  • Lidocaine
  • Procaine
  • Cocaine
  • Mepivacaine

Question 8

Question
Cardiac glycosides are
Answer
  • Digoxin
  • Beta-methyldigoxin (Lanitop)
  • Digitoxin
  • Theophyllin

Question 9

Question
Pharmacologic effects of cardiac glycosides are
Answer
  • positive inotropic
  • negative chronotropic
  • negative dromotropic
  • positive batmotropic

Question 10

Question
What is the mechanism of action of cardiac glycosides?
Answer
  • stimulation of M-cholinoreceptors
  • inhibition of Na+/K+-ATPase
  • inhibition of enzyme phosphodiesterase
  • an increase in the cyclic adenosine monophosphate

Question 11

Question
In the liver predominantly is mentioned
Answer
  • Digoxin
  • Acetyldigoxin
  • Beta-methyldigoxin (Lanitop)
  • Digitalin (Digitoxin)

Question 12

Question
Symptoms of cardiac glycosides intoxication
Answer
  • loss of appetite, vomiting
  • muscle weakness, tremors
  • hallucinations, yellowish vision (xanthopsia)
  • ventricular extrasystoles, atrioventricular block

Question 13

Question
Antiarrhythmics of class III are
Answer
  • Propranolol
  • Amiodarone
  • Sotalol
  • Quinidine sulfate

Question 14

Question
Class IVA antiarrhytmics (calcium channel blockers) are
Answer
  • Diltiazem
  • Lidocain
  • Sotalol
  • Verapamil

Question 15

Question
The mechanism of action of antiarhytmics includes
Answer
  • affect the generation and induction/conduction of action potential in the heart
  • slow conduction of action potential
  • blocking of cholinesterase
  • changes in trsport of K+, Na+, or Ca++ ions

Question 16

Question
Contraindications for clinical use Amiodarone are
Answer
  • sinus bradycardia
  • sinus tachycardia
  • opthalmological diseases
  • thyroid gland dysfunction

Question 17

Question
Organic nitrates with rapid onset and short duration of action are:
Answer
  • Glyceryl trinitrate (Nitroglycerin)
  • Subiingual spray containing lsosorbide-dinitrat (lsoket spray)
  • Tablets containing Isosorbide-dinitrat (lsodinit)
  • Tablets containing Isosorbide-5-mononitrat (Monisid)

Question 18

Question
The mechanism of action of organic nitrates is related to:
Answer
  • release of nitric oxide
  • direct vasodilation
  • blocking the enzyme phosphodiesterase
  • activation of the enzyme adenilatcyclase

Question 19

Question
Adverse drug reactions of organic nitrates are:
Answer
  • tachycardia
  • tolerance
  • headache and flushing
  • hypertension

Question 20

Question
Dihydropyridine calcium-channel blockers are:
Answer
  • Verapamil
  • Nifedipine
  • Felodipine
  • Diltiazem

Question 21

Question
Adverse drug reactions of dihydropyridine calcium-channel blockers are:
Answer
  • tachycardia
  • bradycardia
  • headache
  • swelling of the ankles

Question 22

Question
Adverse drug reactions of non-dihydropyridine calcium-channel blockers are:
Answer
  • Bradycardia
  • Tachycardia
  • Constipation
  • Heart failure

Question 23

Question
Peripheral vasodilators phosphodiesterase inhibitors are:
Answer
  • Papaverini hydrochloridum
  • Pentoxifiyllin (Agapurin)
  • Cinnarizin (Stugeron)
  • Drotaverini (No-spa)

Question 24

Question
Pharmacological effects of Papaverin and Drotaverin are
Answer
  • vasodilation
  • platelet aggregation inhibition
  • antispasmodic
  • antianginal

Question 25

Question
Inhibitors of hydroxy-methylgIutaryl-CoA-reductase (HMG-CoA reductase) are:
Answer
  • Bezafibrate (Bezalip)
  • Atorvastatin (Sortis)
  • Simvastatin (Zooor)
  • Cholestyramine (Questran)

Question 26

Question
Mechanisms of action of statins are:
Answer
  • inhibit HMG-CoA-reductase
  • inhibits the deposition of cholesterol in the blood vessel wall
  • accelerate the elimination of cholesterol
  • inhibit the synthesis of Cholesterol and LDL

Question 27

Question
Adverse drug reactions of statins are:
Answer
  • gastrointestinal disorders
  • hypertension
  • hepatotoxicity
  • myositis

Question 28

Question
What is the mechanism at action of Ezetimibe?
Answer
  • inhibits the synthesis of Cholesterol
  • inhibits the intestinal absorption of Cholesterol
  • enhances the elimination of Cholesterol
  • blocks the LDL receptors

Question 29

Question
Pharmacological effects of ACE inhibitors are:
Answer
  • antihypertensive
  • antiarrhythmic
  • regression of left ventricular hypertrophy
  • nephroprotective

Question 30

Question
Adverse drug reactions of ACE inhibitors are:
Answer
  • dry cough
  • hyperglycaemia
  • hyperkalemia
  • hypotension

Question 31

Question
Indications for clinical use of ACE inhibitors are:
Answer
  • heart failure
  • ventricular extrasystoles
  • hypertension
  • acute angina attack

Question 32

Question
Angiotensin II receptor antagonists are:
Answer
  • Losartan
  • Enalapril
  • Valsartan
  • Telmisartan

Question 33

Question
Adverse drug reactions of β blockers are:
Answer
  • hypoglycaemia
  • bronchoconstriction
  • tachycardia
  • peripheral vascular spasms

Question 34

Question
Adverse drug reactions of thiazide diuretics are:
Answer
  • hyperkalemia
  • hypokalemia
  • hyperglycaemia
  • hyperuricemia

Question 35

Question
α1-blockers are:
Answer
  • Prazosin (Minipress)
  • Enalapril (Renitec)
  • Doxazosin.(Cardura)
  • Diltiazem (Aldizem)

Question 36

Question
Adverse drug reactions of α1-blockers are:
Answer
  • orthostatic hypotension
  • bronchoconstriction
  • retention of sodium and water
  • bradycardia

Question 37

Question
Indications for clinical use of α1-blockers are:
Answer
  • prostatic hypertrophy
  • tachycardia
  • hypertension
  • angina pectoris

Question 38

Question
The site of action of loop diuretics is:
Answer
  • glomerulus
  • loop of Henle
  • proximal convoluted tubule
  • distal convoluted tubule

Question 39

Question
Which of the following diuretics are thiazides?
Answer
  • Hydrochlorthiazide
  • lndapamide
  • Spironolactonum
  • Mannitol

Question 40

Question
Which of the following diuretics is an aldosterone receptor antagonist?
Answer
  • Triamteren
  • Furosemide
  • Spironolactone
  • Mannitol

Question 41

Question
Clinical indications for prescribing diuretics are
Answer
  • brain edema
  • diabetes mellitus
  • hypertension
  • chronic heart failure

Question 42

Question
Adverse drug reactions of potassium - sparing diuretics are:
Answer
  • gynecomastia
  • hyperkalemia
  • hepatotoxicity
  • ototoxicity

Question 43

Question
For Vitamin K is true:
Answer
  • participate as a cofactor in the biosynthesis of clotting factors II, VII, IX, X
  • exists in two natural forms - Vitamin K1 and K2
  • it is an antidote of heparin
  • it is used for prevention and treatment of bleeding associated with overdose of indirect anticoagulants

Question 44

Question
Indications for clinical use of fibrlnolytlcs are:
Answer
  • bleeding stomach ulcer
  • acute myocardial infarction
  • pulmonary thromboembolism
  • hemophilia

Question 45

Question
Adverse drug reactions of heparin are:
Answer
  • osteoporosis (by prolonged administration)
  • reversible alopecia
  • hemorrhage
  • allergic reactions

Question 46

Question
Antidote for heparin is:
Answer
  • Streptase (Streptokinase)
  • Sodium chloride
  • Protamin sulfas
  • Phytomenadione (Vit. K1)

Question 47

Question
What is the mechanism of action of Dabigatran?
Answer
  • inhibits factor Xa of coagulation
  • inhibits factor ll of coagulation
  • binds to anti-thrombin lll
  • oppose the action of Vitamin K

Question 48

Question
For indirect oral anticoagulants is true:
Answer
  • good oral absorption
  • their anticoagulant effect occurs only in vivo
  • their effect is delayed
  • their anticoagulant effect occurs only in vitro

Question 49

Question
Antiplatelet agents are:
Answer
  • Acidum p-aminomethylbenzoicum (PAMBA)
  • Clopidogrel (PIavix)
  • Dipyridamole (Antistenocardin)
  • Acidum acetylsalicylicum (Acetysal)

Question 50

Question
Adverse drug reactions of iron preparations for oral use are:
Answer
  • constipation
  • epigastric pain, nausea, vomiting
  • thrombosis
  • dark-colored gums and teeth

Question 51

Question
Which of the following groups are used to treat asthma?
Answer
  • B2-adrenergic agonists
  • Phosphodiesterase inhibitors
  • Butyrophenones
  • Leukotriene receptor antagonists

Question 52

Question
Which of the following drugs are phosphodiesterase inhibitors
Answer
  • Salbutamol
  • Theophylline
  • Aminophylline
  • Ketotifen

Question 53

Question
What is the mechanism of action at methylxantines?
Answer
  • they inhibit MAO
  • they inhibit acetylcholinesterase
  • they inhibit phosphodiesterase and increase the cAMP
  • they inhibit angiotensin converting enzyme

Question 54

Question
What are the adverse drug reactions of the inhaled corticosteroids:
Answer
  • bronchoconstriction
  • dysphonia (hoarse voice)
  • oral candidiasis
  • hypertensive crisis

Question 55

Question
What are the potential adverse drug reactions of the systemic corticosteroids?
Answer
  • diabetes
  • obesity
  • osteoporosis
  • insomnia

Question 56

Question
Ipratropii bromidum (Atrovent) is:
Answer
  • leukotriene inhibitor
  • corticosteroid
  • cholinergic antagonist
  • cholinergic agonist

Question 57

Question
What are the possible adverse drug reactions of Ipratropii bromidum (Atrovent)?
Answer
  • dry mouth
  • incontinention of urine
  • tachycardia
  • hypoglycaemia

Question 58

Question
What are the mechanisms of action of the leukotriene modifiers?
Answer
  • they block the M-Choiinoceptors
  • they are selective, reversible antagonists of the Ieukotriene-1 receptor
  • they inhibit the enzyme 5-lypoexigenase
  • they inhibit the angiotensin converting enzyme

Question 59

Question
Which of the following drugs are mucolytics?
Answer
  • Amroxol (Mucosoivan)
  • Bromhexine
  • Salbutamol
  • Ketotifen

Question 60

Question
Which are the drugs used for treatment of peptic ulcer disease
Answer
  • mucosal protective agents
  • H1-histamine receptor blockers
  • H2-histamine receptor blockers
  • proton pump inhibitors

Question 61

Question
H2-histamine receptor blockers are:
Answer
  • Roxatidine
  • Ranitidine
  • Sucralfate
  • Omeprazole

Question 62

Question
Omeprazole is:
Answer
  • H2-histamine receptor blocker
  • H1-histamine receptor blocker
  • Proton pump inhibitor
  • Antimuscarinic drug

Question 63

Question
Drugs interactions of Omeprazol are due to:
Answer
  • inhibition of CYP 450
  • induction of CYP 450
  • inhibition of phosphodiesterase
  • induction of phosphodiasterase

Question 64

Question
Hepatoprotective agents with regenerative action are:
Answer
  • Essentiale
  • Silymarin
  • Ademetionine
  • Oleum Ricini

Question 65

Question
Glucocorticoid preparations are:
Answer
  • Hydrocortisone
  • Methylprednisolone
  • Fludroconisone
  • Prednisolon

Question 66

Question
Metabolic effect of glucocorticoids are:
Answer
  • hypoglycemia
  • hyperglycemia
  • reduced calcium absorption
  • increased protein catabolism

Question 67

Question
Pharmacological effects of glucocorticoids are
Answer
  • hypotension
  • anti-inflammatory action
  • immunosuppressive action
  • antiallergic action

Question 68

Question
Side effects of glucocorticoids are:
Answer
  • osteoporosis
  • diabetes mellitus
  • cough
  • hypertension

Question 69

Question
Short-acting insulin preparations are:
Answer
  • Actrapid
  • Humulin N
  • lnsuman Rapid
  • Humulin R

Question 70

Question
Effects of insulin-on carbohydrate metabolism are.
Answer
  • hyperglycaemia
  • hypoglycaemia
  • inhibition of gluconeogenesis
  • inhibition of glicogenolysis

Question 71

Question
ADRs of insulin are:
Answer
  • hypoglycaemia
  • hypotension
  • insulin resistance
  • allergy

Question 72

Question
Mechanisms of action of sulphonyureas are:
Answer
  • block ATP-sensitive K+ channels
  • stimulate release of endogenous insulin from the pancreas
  • inhibit gluconeogenesis
  • lower levels of plasma glucagon

Question 73

Question
ADRs of sulphonylureas are:
Answer
  • hypotension
  • weight gain
  • gastrointestinal
  • hypoglycaemia

Question 74

Question
Biguanide antidiabetic agent is:
Answer
  • Pioglitazone
  • Metformin
  • Glibenclamide
  • Acarbose

Question 75

Question
Mechanisms of action of biguanides are:
Answer
  • inhibition of gluconeogenesis
  • release of insulin from β cells of the pancreas
  • increased peripheral utilization of glucose
  • inhibition of glucose absorption from the gastrointestinal tract

Question 76

Question
ADRs of biguanides are:
Answer
  • gastrointestinal disorders (anorexia, nausea, diarrhoea, metallic, taste)
  • hypoglycaemia
  • megaloblastic anemia
  • lactic acidosis

Question 77

Question
Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP-4 inhibitors):
Answer
  • prolong activity of incretin hormones
  • release insulin from β cells of the pancreas
  • do not cause hypoglycaemia
  • cause weight gain and increased appetite

Question 78

Question
Reproductive effects of estrogens are:
Answer
  • development of sexual organs
  • development of the follicular phase of menstrual cycle
  • development of the luteal phase of menstrual cycle
  • stimulate uterine contractions

Question 79

Question
ADRs of estrogens are:
Answer
  • hypertension
  • thrombosis
  • carcinogenic effects
  • nephrotoxicity

Question 80

Question
Contraindications for use of estrogens are
Answer
  • thromboembolic disease
  • probable or certain pregnancy
  • proven or suspected breast cancer
  • migraine

Question 81

Question
Mechanisms of action of oral hormonal contraceptives are:
Answer
  • Suppression of ovulation
  • Suppression of lutein hormone secretion
  • Condensation of cervical mucus
  • Increased secretion of follicle stimulating hormone

Question 82

Question
Contraindications of oral contraceptives are:
Answer
  • Oestrogen dependant tumors
  • Hyper-coagulation
  • Migraine
  • Liver disease

Question 83

Question
Symptoms of vitamin B3 deficiency (pellagra) are
Answer
  • dermatitis
  • anemia
  • diarrhea
  • dementia

Question 84

Question
Vitamin B12 deficiency leads to:
Answer
  • megaloblastic anemia
  • spinal cord degeneration and neuropathies
  • atrophic glossitis
  • diarrhea

Question 85

Question
Vitamin A deficiency leads to:
Answer
  • hemeralopia (night blindness)
  • acne
  • xerophthalmia (dry eyes)
  • bradycardia

Question 86

Question
Effects of vitamin D on calcium and phosphate homeostasis are:
Answer
  • increased intestinal calcium and phosphate absorption
  • decreased intestinal calcium and phosphate
  • stimulation of calcium reabsorption in the kidney
  • deposition of calcium in bones and teeth (at low dose)

Question 87

Question
Vitamin D deficiency leads to:
Answer
  • rickets in children
  • osteomalacia in adults
  • delayed dentation
  • hyperglycemia

Question 88

Question
Vitamin K is required for:
Answer
  • synthesis of hemoglobin
  • synthesis of clotting factors II, VII, IX and X
  • regulation of cholesterol levels
  • carbohydrate metabolism

Question 89

Question
Drugs for treatment of Parkinson's disease are
Answer
  • neuroepileptics
  • dopaminergic drugs
  • antimuscarinic drugs
  • anxiolytics

Question 90

Question
Mode of action of Selegiline is
Answer
  • MAO A inhibition
  • Release of dopamine from the stores
  • MAO B inhibition
  • Activation of dopamine recepors

Question 91

Question
Therapeutic uses of Bromocriptine are
Answer
  • Parkinson's disease
  • Acromegaly
  • Prolactin-secreting adenomas
  • Hyperglycemia

Question 92

Question
Antiparkinsonian drug with antiviral activity is
Answer
  • Amantadine
  • Bromocriptine
  • Selegiline
  • Madopar

Question 93

Question
Mode of action of typical antipsychotics involves:
Answer
  • block of postsynaptic dopamine receptors
  • activation of dopamine receptors
  • block of serotonin receptors
  • block of muscarinic, histamine and adrenergic receptors

Question 94

Question
Mode of action of atypical antipsychotic Olanzapine involves:
Answer
  • block of postsynaptic D4 receptors stronger than D2 receptors
  • block of 5-HT2 receptors
  • activation of 5-HT2 receptors
  • stimulation of muscarinic receptors

Question 95

Question
The main effects of antipsychotics are:
Answer
  • antipsychotic effect
  • antiemetic effect
  • hypotensive effect
  • anticonvulsant effect

Question 96

Question
Adverse drug reactions of antipsychotics are:
Answer
  • extrapyramidal syndrome
  • hyperprolactinemia
  • drug dependence
  • postural hypotension

Question 97

Question
Antipsychotic with strong antipsychotic effect is:
Answer
  • Chlorprothixene
  • Thioridazine
  • Haloperidol
  • Clozapine

Question 98

Question
Mode of action of benzodiazepines is:
Answer
  • enhance the effectiveness of GABA
  • block of GABA receptors
  • block of sodium channels
  • activation of dopamine receptors

Question 99

Question
Adverse drug reactions of benzodiazepines are:
Answer
  • seizures
  • tolerance and drug dependence
  • extrapyramidal side effects
  • ataxia

Question 100

Question
Antagonist of benzodiazepines is:
Answer
  • Naloxone
  • Flumazenil
  • Chlorpromazine
  • Clozapine

Question 101

Question
Opioids are suitable for treatment of
Answer
  • traumatic shock
  • acute myocardial infarction
  • headache
  • neuritis

Question 102

Question
Contraindications for the use of opioid analgesics:
Answer
  • pregnancy, breastfeeding
  • diseases, associated with respiratory depression
  • head trauma and brain injury
  • traumatic shock

Question 103

Question
Specific morphine antagonist is:
Answer
  • Flumazenil
  • Naloxone
  • Bemegrid
  • Protamin sulfas

Question 104

Question
Point out the correct statements for Pethidine (Lydol):
Answer
  • has a spasmolytic effect on the smooth muscles
  • it is a stronger analgesic than morphine
  • has a shorter duration of action than morphine
  • can be used for neuroleptanaigesia

Question 105

Question
Opioid drug with a strong anti-tussive effect is:
Answer
  • Tramadol
  • Pethidin
  • Morphine
  • Codeine

Question 106

Question
For analgesics-antipyretics is true:
Answer
  • they affect normal body temperature
  • the antipyretic effect is clue to suppression of PgE synthesis in the hypothalamus
  • they lower only elevated body temperature (i.e. fever)
  • intensify heat diffusion

Question 107

Question
Adverse drug reactions of Metamizol (Analgin) are:
Answer
  • allergic reactions
  • hyperthermla
  • agranulocytosis
  • red coloured urine

Question 108

Question
Pharmacological effects of Paracetamol are:
Answer
  • antipyretic
  • anti-inflammatory
  • analgesic
  • antiplatelet

Question 109

Question
What are the therapeutic effects of NSAIDs:
Answer
  • analgesic
  • anti-inflammatory
  • hypnotic
  • antipyretic

Question 110

Question
What is the mechanism of action of NSAiDs:
Answer
  • inhibition of phosphodiesterases
  • blockade of dopamine receptors
  • inhibition of cyclooxygenase
  • inhibition of MAO

Question 111

Question
Pharmacological effects of salicylates are:
Answer
  • anti-inflammatory
  • sedative
  • analgesic
  • antiplatelet

Question 112

Question
Which of the following drugs are selective COX-2 inhibitors:
Answer
  • Aspirin
  • Celecoxib
  • Indomethacin
  • Meloxicam
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