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Endocrine In-Class Review Questions

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PSIO 743 Exam 5 - Lecture Questions Quiz
Marissa Alvarez
Quiz by Marissa Alvarez, updated more than 1 year ago
Marissa Alvarez
Created by Marissa Alvarez over 4 years ago
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Question 1

Question
Which of the following describes an endocrine communication?
Answer
  • A) Works rapidly across very short distances
  • B) Structurally related to each other and their target organs
  • C.) Duration of action is very brief
  • D.) Chemical messenger is carried over long distances in the blood
  • E.) Coordinates very precise responses

Question 2

Question
Hydrophilic hormone binding to a receptor with multiple transmembrane domains and which activates, via an effector protein, a second messenger system within the target cell is characteristic of a:
Answer
  • A.) G-protein coupled receptor
  • B.) Tyrosine kinase receptor
  • C.) Chemically gated receptor channel
  • D.) depolarization
  • e.) Hormone response element

Question 3

Question
Which of the following describes a lipophilic hormone?
Answer
  • A.) Secreted as it is synthesized
  • B.) Does not use transport proteins in the blood
  • C.) Acts solely through receptors located at the cell membrane
  • D.) Acts predominantly through second messenger systems
  • E.) Initially synthesized as a preprohormone

Question 4

Question
Which of the following would contribute to a rise in plasma hormone concentration?
Answer
  • A.) Increased amounts of binding proteins
  • B.) Increased secretion rate
  • C.) Reduced activation/conversion of the inactive hormone
  • D.) Increased metabolism/clearance
  • E.) Reduced secretion of the hormone

Question 5

Question
The situation where the output of a system opposes the input is:
Answer
  • A.) Antagonism
  • B.) Permissiveness
  • C.) Synergism
  • D.) Negative feedback
  • E.) Positive feedback

Question 6

Question
Which of the following is NOT true about a circadian rhythm?
Answer
  • A.) Driven by the suprachiasmatic nucleus
  • B.) Occurs with a periodicity of every hour
  • C.) Involves self-starting clock proteins
  • D.) Can be synchronized by the environment
  • E.) Periodicity is influenced by melatonin

Question 7

Question
The posterior pituitary:
Answer
  • A.) Is functionally, but not anatomically connected to the hypothalamus
  • B.) Secretes tropic hormones in response to releasing hormones
  • C.) Derived from Rathke’s pouch
  • D.) Secretes hormones originally produced in neurons of the paraventricular nucleus
  • E.) Is a major source of growth hormone

Question 8

Question
Which of the following is NOT true about vasopressin?
Answer
  • A.) Decreased osmolarity is the biggest stimulus for its release
  • B.) Released in response to a large decrease in atrial volume
  • C.) Inserts aquaporins into kidney collecting tubules to increase water retention
  • D.) Has a pressor effect via arteriolar smooth muscle
  • E.) Release triggered by exertion in a hot environment

Question 9

Question
Growth hormone:
Answer
  • A.) Acts through IGF-1 to exert its metabolic effects
  • B.) Increases fat deposition
  • C.) Inhibits protein synthesis
  • D.) Acts through IGF-1 to influence bone growth
  • E.) Acts through IGF-2 to influence metabolism

Question 10

Question
Bone formation is characterized by:
Answer
  • A.) Multiplication of osteocytes at the epiphysis edge of epiphyseal plate
  • B.) Clearing of dead cells by osteocytes
  • C.) Stimulation of osteoblast activity by growth hormone
  • D.) Deposition of new bone by osteocytes
  • E.) Addition of surface bone by chondrocytes in the periosteum

Question 11

Question
Abnormally stunted growth, very high GH concentrations, and yet an absence of a response to GH are characteristic of:
Answer
  • A.) Acromegaly
  • B.) Laron Dwarfism
  • C.) Normal Dwarfism
  • D.) Pygmieism
  • E.) Hyposecretion of GH during adulthood

Question 12

Question
Which of the following is NOT essential for growth?
Answer
  • A.) Thyroid Hormone
  • B.) Insulin
  • C.) Androgens
  • D.) IGF-1
  • E.) Cortisol

Question 13

Question
Development along the female pathways depends upon
Answer
  • A.) Contribution of a Y chromosome from the paternal side
  • B.) Presence of testosterone
  • C.) Presence of DHT
  • D.) Nothing, it’s the default pathway for sexual development
  • E.) Wolffian duct development

Question 14

Question
Which of the following is most directly due to SRY?
Answer
  • A.) Genetic sex
  • B.) Gonadal sex
  • C.) Phenotypic sex
  • D.) Mullerian duct development
  • E.) Ovarian development

Question 15

Question
Which is a function of the Sertoli Cell?
Answer
  • A.) Secretes testosterone
  • B.) Freely allows passage of immune cells into lumen
  • C.) Secretes inhibin to specifically suppress GnRH
  • D.) Secretes Mullerian inhibiting factor
  • E.) Capacitation

Question 16

Question
Which of the following is part of the erectile mechanism?
Answer
  • Increased sympathetic input
  • Decreased parasympathetic input
  • Increased venous drainage
  • Increased nitric oxide metabolism
  • A spinal reflex

Question 17

Question
The second meiotic division in the oocyte occurs:
Answer
  • A.) Prior to birth
  • B.) Immediately after birth
  • C.) During the final stages of follicular development
  • D.) During the LH surge
  • E.) Upon fertilization by the sperm

Question 18

Question
The LH surge is due to:
Answer
  • A.) Increase progesterone from the follicle
  • B.) High levels of estradiol from the follicle
  • C.) Increased inhibin from the follicle
  • D.) The act of intercourse
  • E.) Low levels of estradiol from the follicle

Question 19

Question
Which of the following is true of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)?
Answer
  • A.) Lyses the corpus luteum of pregnancy
  • B.) Stimulates Sertoli cell production of testosterone
  • C.) Activates relaxin, which is important for parturition
  • D.) Is LH-like in function
  • E.) Necessary for placental progesterone production in late pregnancy

Question 20

Question
Which describes the role of estrogen in the initiation of parturition?
Answer
  • A.) Stimulates CRH release from the placenta
  • B.) Stimulates IL-8 from the uterus
  • C.) Inhibits pulmonary surfactant protein secretion
  • D.) Decreases prostaglandin secretion
  • E.) Increases myometrium oxytocin receptors

Question 21

Question
Which of the following inside the pancreas beta cell would lead to insulin secretion?
Answer
  • A.) Blockage of GLUT2
  • B.) Blockade of ATP generation
  • C.) Hyperpolarization of the cell
  • D.) Closure of Ca++ channels
  • E.) Phosphorylation of Glucose

Question 22

Question
Which of the following would be stimulatory to insulin release?
Answer
  • A.) Decreased glucose in blood
  • B.) Decreased parasympathetic input
  • C.) Decreased amino acids in blood
  • D.) Decreased sympathetic input
  • E.) Decreased incretin release

Question 23

Question
Which of the following would be a treatment for type 2 diabetes?
Answer
  • A.) Inhibition of beta-cell function
  • B). Stimulation of glycogenolysis
  • C.) Increasing sensitivity to glucagon
  • D.) Inhibiting the incretins
  • E.) Inhibiting dipeptidyl peptidase, which metabolizes GLP-1

Question 24

Question
Which of the following is true about glucagon?
Answer
  • A.) Stimulated by increased glucose
  • B.) Usually elevated during diabetes
  • C.) Enforces the actions of insulin
  • D.) Stimulated by somatostatin
  • E.) Causes significant hyperglycemia when hypersecreted
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