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Nutrition

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College-Level Nursing Block 3 Quiz on Nutrition, created by cpeters on 25/02/2015.
cpeters
Quiz by cpeters, updated more than 1 year ago
cpeters
Created by cpeters about 9 years ago
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Resource summary

Question 1

Question
Which statement made by an adult patient demonstrates understanding of healthy nutrition teaching?
Answer
  • I need to stop eating red meat.
  • I will increase the servings of fruit juice to four a day.
  • I will make sure that I eat a balanced diet and exercise regularly.
  • I will not eat so many dark green vegetables and eat more yellow vegetables.

Question 2

Question
The nurse teaches a patient who has had surgery to increase which nutrient to help with tissue repair?
Answer
  • Fat
  • Protein
  • Vitamin
  • Carbohydrate

Question 3

Question
The nurse is caring for patient experiencing dysphagia. Which interventions help decrease the risk of aspiration during feeding? (Select all that apply.)
Answer
  • Sit the patient upright in a chair.
  • Give liquids at the end of the meal.
  • Place food in the strong side of the mouth.
  • Provide thin foods to make it easier to swallow.
  • Feed the patient slowly, allowing time to chew and swallow.
  • Encourage patient to lie down to rest for 30 minutes after eating.

Question 4

Question
The nurse suspects that the patient receiving parenteral nutrition (PN) through a central venous catheter (CVC) has an air embolus. What action does the nurse need to take first?
Answer
  • Raise head of bed to 90 degrees.
  • Turn patient to left lateral decubitus position.
  • Notify health care provider immediately.
  • Have patient perform the Valsalva maneuver.

Question 5

Question
Which action is initially taken by the nurse to verify correct position of a newly placed small-bore feeding tube?
Answer
  • Placing an order for x-ray film examination to check position.
  • Confirming the distal mark on the feeding tube after taping.
  • Testing the pH of the gastric contents and observing the color.
  • Auscultating over the gastric area as air is injected into the tube.

Question 6

Question
The catheter of the patient receiving parenteral nutrition (PN) becomes occluded. Check the correct box that has the steps for caring for the occluded catheter in the order in which the nurse would perform them.
Answer
  • Attempt to aspirate a clot, temporarily stop the infusion, flush the line with saline or heparin, use a thrombolytic agent if ordered or per protocol.
  • Temporarily stop the infusion, flush the line with saline or heparin, attempt to aspirate a clot, use a thrombolytic agent if ordered or per protocol.
  • Temporarily stop the infusion, attempt to aspirate a clot, flush the line with saline or heparin, use a thrombolytic agent if ordered or per protocol.
  • Use a thrombolytic agent if ordered or per protocol, flush the line with saline or heparin, temporarily stop the infusion, attempt to aspirate a clot.

Question 7

Question
Based on knowledge of peptic ulcer disease (PUD), the nurse anticipates the presence of which bacteria when reviewing the laboratory data for a patient suspected of having PUD?
Answer
  • Micrococcus
  • Staphylococcus
  • Corynebacterium
  • Helicobacter pylori

Question 8

Question
The nurse is assessing a patient receiving enteral feedings via a small-bore nasogastric tube. Which assessment findings need further intervention?
Answer
  • Gastric pH of 4.0 during placement check.
  • Weight gain of 1 pound over the course of a week.
  • Active bowel sound in the four abdominal quadrants.
  • Gastric residual aspirate of 350 mL for the second consecutive time.

Question 9

Question
The home care nurse is seeing the following patients. Which patient is at greatest risk for experiencing inadequate nutrition?
Answer
  • A 55-year-old obese man recently diagnosed with diabetes mellitus.
  • A recently widowed 76-year-old woman recovering from a mild stroke.
  • A 22-year-old mother with a 3-year-old toddler who had tonsillectomy surgery.
  • A 46-year-old man recovering at home following coronary artery bypass surgery.

Question 10

Question
The nurse is checking feeding tube placement. Place the steps in the proper sequence: 1) Draw 5 to 10 mL gastric aspirate into syringe. 2) Flush tube with 30 mL air. 3) Mix aspirate in syringe and place in medicine cup. 4) Observe color of gastric aspirate. 5) Perform hand hygiene and put on clean gloves. 6) Dip pH strip into gastric aspirate. 7) Compare strip with color chart from manufacturer.
Answer
  • 1, 3, 5, 7, 2, 4, 6
  • 5, 4, 2, 1, 3, 6, 7
  • 5, 2, 1, 4, 3, 6, 7
  • 5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 7, 6

Question 11

Question
Which statement made by a patient of a 2-month-old infant requires further education?
Answer
  • I'll continue to use formula for the baby until he is at least a year old.
  • I'll make sure that I purchase iron-fortified formula.
  • I'll start feeding the baby cereal at 4 months.
  • I'm going to alternate formula with whole milk starting next month.

Question 12

Question
The nurse is teaching a program on healthy nutrition at the senior community center. Which points should be included in the program for older adults? (Select all that apply.)
Answer
  • Avoid grapefruit and grapefruit juice, which impair drug absorption.
  • Increase the amount of carbohydrates for energy.
  • Take a multivitamin that includes vitamin D for bone health.
  • Cheese and eggs are good sources of protein.
  • Limit fluids to decrease the risk of edema.

Question 13

Question
The nurse sees the nursing assistive personnel (NAP) perform the following for a patient receiving continuous enteral feedings. What intervention does the nurse need to address immediately with the NAP? The NAP:
Answer
  • Fastens the tube to the gown with tape.
  • Places the patient supine while giving a bath.
  • Performs oral care for the patient.
  • Elevates the head of the bed 45 degrees.

Question 14

Question
The patient receiving total glucose is being checked since he does not have diabetes. What is the best response by the nurse?
Answer
  • TPN can cause hyperglycemia, and it is important to keep your blood glucose level in an acceptable range.
  • The high concentration of dextrose in the TPN can give you diabetes; thus you need to be monitored closely.
  • Monitoring your blood glucose level helps to determine the dose of insulin that you need to absorb the TPN.
  • Checking your blood glucose level regularly helps to determine if the TPN is effective as a nutrition intervention.

Question 15

Question
Which nutrient is the body's most preferred energy source?
Answer
  • Fat
  • Protein
  • Vitamin
  • Carbohydrate

Question 16

Question
Positive nitrogen balance would occur in which condition?
Answer
  • Infection
  • Starvation
  • Pregnancy
  • Burn injury

Question 17

Question
Mrs. Nelson is talking with the nurse about the dietary needs of her 23-month-old daughter, Laura. Which of the following responses by the nurse would be appropirate?
Answer
  • "Use skim milk to cut down on the fat in Laura's diet."
  • "Laura should be drinking at least 1 quart of milk per day."
  • "Laura needs less protein in her diet now because she isn't growing as fast."
  • "Laura needs fewer calories in relation to her body weight now than she did as an infant."

Question 18

Question
All of the following patients are at risk for alteration in nutrition except:
Answer
  • Patient L, whose weight is 10% above his ideal body weight.
  • Patient J, who is 86 years old, lives alone, and has poorly fitting dentures.
  • Patient M, a 17-year-old girl who weighs 90 pounds and frequently complains about her baby fat.
  • Patient K, who has been allowed nothing by mouth (NPO) for 7 days after bowel surgery and is receiving 3000mL of 10% dextrose per day.

Question 19

Question
Which of the following is the most accurate method of bedside confirmation of placement of a small-bore nasogastric tube?
Answer
  • Assess the patient's ability to speak.
  • Test the pH of withdrawn gastric contents.
  • Auscultate the epigastrium for gurgling or bubbling.
  • Assess the length of the tube that is outside the patient's nose.

Question 20

Question
A patient who has been hospitalized after experiencing a heart attack will most likely receive a diet consisting of:
Answer
  • Low fat, low sodium, and low carbohydrates
  • Low fat, low sodium, and high carbohydrates
  • Low fat, high protein, and high carbohydrates
  • Liquids for several days, progressing to a soft and then a regular diet.

Question 21

Question
A nurse is caring for a client who is at high risk for aspiration. Which of the following is an appropriate nursing intervention?
Answer
  • Give the client thin liquids.
  • Instruct the client to tuck her chin when swallowing.
  • Have the client use a straw.
  • Encourage the client to lie down and rest after meals.

Question 22

Question
A nurse is preparing a presentation about basic nutrients for a group of high school athletes. She should explain that which of the following is the body’s priority energy source?
Answer
  • Fat
  • Protein
  • Glycogen
  • Carbohydrates

Question 23

Question
A nurse is caring for a client who is on a low-residue diet. The nurse should expect to see which of the following foods on the client’s meal tray?
Answer
  • Cooked barley
  • Pureed broccoli
  • Vanilla custard
  • Lentil soup

Question 24

Question
A nurse is caring for a client who weighs 80 kg (176 lb) and is 1.6 m (5 ft 3 in) tall. Calculate her body mass index (BMI) and determine whether this client is obese based on her BMI.
Answer
  • BMI= 34; obese
  • BMI= 31; obese
  • BMI= 29; overweight
  • BMI= 31; overweight

Question 25

Question
A nurse in a senior center is counseling a group of older adults about their nutritional needs and considerations. Which of the following information should the nurse include? (Select all that apply.)
Answer
  • Older adults are more prone to dehydration than younger adults are.
  • Older adults need the same amount of most vitamins and minerals as younger adults do.
  • Many older men and women need calcium supplementation.
  • Older adults need more calories than they did when they were younger.
  • Older adults should consume a diet low in carbohydrates.
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