Rivers: Sustainable decision making geography

Description

Quiz on Rivers: Sustainable decision making geography, created by 11mbarnet on 04/05/2016.
11mbarnet
Quiz by 11mbarnet, updated more than 1 year ago
11mbarnet
Created by 11mbarnet about 8 years ago
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Resource summary

Question 1

Question
[blank_start]Surface run off[blank_end] is water flowing across the surface of the earth Interception is water [blank_start]collecting[blank_end] on objects [blank_start]infiltration[blank_end] is water soaking into soil Thorughflow is when water seeps through [blank_start]soil[blank_end] towards a [blank_start]river/ the sea[blank_end] [blank_start]Percolation[blank_end] - downward movement of water below water table transpiration water [blank_start]evapourating[blank_end] from plant's [blank_start]leaves[blank_end]
Answer
  • Surface run off
  • collecting
  • infiltration
  • soil
  • river/ the sea
  • Percolation
  • evapourating
  • leaves

Question 2

Question
A drainage basin is...
Answer
  • an area of land drained by a river and its tributaries
  • an area of land which is drained for its water
  • An area of land that experiences severe drought

Question 3

Question
the boundary of a basin is called its...
Answer
  • border
  • watershed
  • water line

Question 4

Question
Large rivers have [blank_start]vast[blank_end] drainage basins eg. the [blank_start]nile[blank_end]
Answer
  • vast
  • nile

Question 5

Question
precipitation outside the river's drainage basin will...
Answer
  • flow to the sea
  • just soak into ground
  • flow into another river

Question 6

Question
Physical causes of flooding [blank_start]Prolonged[blank_end] heavy rain - ground becomes [blank_start]saturated[blank_end] so can't absorb any more [blank_start]water[blank_end] [blank_start]Short burst[blank_end] of heavy rain - ground can't absorb water [blank_start]quick[blank_end] [blank_start]enough[blank_end] so runs into [blank_start]river[blank_end] which then burst = [blank_start]flash[blank_end] floods Rapid snow [blank_start]melt[blank_end] - increases water [blank_start]flowing[blank_end] into river, can be too much so river [blank_start]bursts[blank_end] its banks.
Answer
  • Prolonged
  • saturated
  • water
  • Short burst
  • river
  • flash
  • quick
  • enough
  • melt
  • flowing
  • bursts

Question 7

Question
Human causes of flooding [blank_start]Urbanisation[blank_end] - [blank_start]tarmac[blank_end] + concrete so water doesn't [blank_start]infiltrate[blank_end] drains take it straight to rivers decreasing [blank_start]lag[blank_end] time [blank_start]Deforistation[blank_end] - less [blank_start]interception[blank_end] so more [blank_start]surface[blank_end] [blank_start]run[blank_end] [blank_start]off[blank_end]. Also more [blank_start]soil[blank_end] washed into rivers reducing river [blank_start]capacity[blank_end] River [blank_start]management[blank_end] - effect river [blank_start]elsewhere[blank_end]
Answer
  • Urbanisation
  • tarmac
  • infiltrate
  • lag
  • Deforistation
  • interception
  • surface
  • run
  • off
  • soil
  • capacity
  • management
  • elsewhere

Question 8

Question
Label the graph
Answer
  • lag time

Question 9

Question
label hydrograph
Answer
  • baseflow

Question 10

Question
label the hydrograoh
Answer
  • peak discharge

Question 11

Question
Sustainable flood control includes: new [blank_start]technology[blank_end] - rivers are monitored so [blank_start]warnings[blank_end] can be given [blank_start]afforestation[blank_end] in upper catchment area - more [blank_start]interception[blank_end] [blank_start]Dams[blank_end] and reservoirs - control of discharge and used for [blank_start]hydroelectric[blank_end] power and lakes used for [blank_start]recreation[blank_end]
Answer
  • technology
  • warnings
  • afforestation
  • interception
  • Dams
  • hydroelectric
  • recreation

Question 12

Question
Today focus on sustainable river management called integrated management, which uses
Answer
  • Soft engineering
  • Hard engineering

Question 13

Question
[blank_start]Environment[blank_end] agency warn about floods, their advice is to: prepare [blank_start]emergency[blank_end] kits keep phone [blank_start]charged[blank_end] prepare [blank_start]sandbags[blank_end] move [blank_start]electrical[blank_end] / [blank_start]valuable[blank_end] goods to [blank_start]high[blank_end] places
Answer
  • emergency
  • Environment
  • charged
  • sandbags
  • electrical
  • valuable
  • high

Question 14

Question
Soft engineering includes: [blank_start]zoning[blank_end] - stop planning permission on flood [blank_start]planes[blank_end] plant water [blank_start]loving[blank_end] plants to soak up water and reduce water [blank_start]table[blank_end] [blank_start]afforestation[blank_end] - increase interception digging a flood [blank_start]relief[blank_end] channel - provide another path for water when [blank_start]discharge[blank_end] to high [blank_start]dredging[blank_end] to remove [blank_start]silt[blank_end] - increase capacity
Answer
  • zoning
  • planes
  • loving
  • table
  • afforestation
  • relief
  • discharge
  • dredging
  • silt

Question 15

Question
[blank_start]hard[blank_end] engineering includes building [blank_start]embankments[blank_end] to increase [blank_start]capacity[blank_end] of the river channelisation - [blank_start]straightening[blank_end] and [blank_start]deepening[blank_end] river so it flows [blank_start]faster[blank_end] Building [blank_start]Dams[blank_end] and reservoirs - [blank_start]traps[blank_end] water slowly [blank_start]releasing[blank_end], stop [blank_start]river[blank_end] becoming overwhelmed
Answer
  • embankments
  • capacity
  • hard
  • straightening
  • deepening
  • faster
  • Dams
  • traps
  • releasing
  • river

Question 16

Question
Which are true for channelisation
Answer
  • can cause flooding further down the river as water gets there too quickly
  • it is a method of soft engineering
  • channel must be reinforced to stop it reverting to natural course
  • can decrease water table

Question 17

Question
Hydraulic action is when rocks collide, eroding cliff/bank as they scrape of material with them
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 18

Question
Attrition is when rocks collide with one another so breaking into smaller pices
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 19

Question
Abrasion is the force of running water undercutting banks and eroding beds
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 20

Question
Solution is...
Answer
  • Force of running water eroding the bank
  • When rocks collide with each other and are broken into smaller pieces
  • When minerals from rocks are dissolved and carried by the river

Question 21

Question
What erosion occurs in the plunge pool?
Answer
  • attrition
  • abrasion
  • solution

Question 22

Question
undercutting is caused by [blank_start]abrasion[blank_end] from the [blank_start]load[blank_end] of the river and [blank_start]hydraulic[blank_end] action from the force of [blank_start]running[blank_end] water
Answer
  • abrasion
  • load
  • hydraulic
  • running

Question 23

Question
when waterfalls move upstream what do they create
Answer
  • a valley
  • a chasm
  • a gorge

Question 24

Question
In water falls an overhang is caused by [blank_start]undercutting[blank_end]. This occurs because there is a [blank_start]band[blank_end] of [blank_start]hard[blank_end] rock above [blank_start]softer[blank_end] rock
Answer
  • undercutting
  • band
  • hard
  • softer

Question 25

Question
large rocks being dragged and rolled along the bed is called
Answer
  • suspension
  • saltation
  • solution
  • traction

Question 26

Question
smaller sediment being bounced along the bed of the river
Answer
  • saltation
  • suspension
  • solution

Question 27

Question
fine particles of silt/clay held in the water
Answer
  • solution
  • suspension
  • tracction

Question 28

Question
As the river flows through lower lying land: Discharge is [blank_start]higher[blank_end] gradient is [blank_start]lower[blank_end] bedload is [blank_start]smaller[blank_end] [blank_start]lateral[blank_end] erosion more prominent than downwards erosion
Answer
  • higher
  • lower
  • smaller
  • lateral

Question 29

Question
Formation of meander and ox bow lake 1) water flows faster on [blank_start]outside[blank_end] so [blank_start]erodes[blank_end] more quickly, [blank_start]deposition[blank_end] occurs on inside 2) river [blank_start]floods[blank_end] so then takes [blank_start]easiest[blank_end] route 3) more water flows through [blank_start]easier[blank_end] straight route 4) [blank_start]meander[blank_end] cut off 5) ox bow [blank_start]lake[blank_end] forms and eventually [blank_start]dries[blank_end] up
Answer
  • outside
  • erodes
  • deposition
  • floods
  • easiest
  • easier
  • meander
  • lake
  • dries

Question 30

Question
A river drops its load when...
Answer
  • it doesn't have enough energy to carry
  • it doesn't have a large enough gradient
  • it doesn't have a high enough discharge

Question 31

Question
[blank_start]larger[blank_end] sediment is deposited first
Answer
  • larger
  • smaller

Question 32

Question
pebbles, gravel, sand and silt is deposited in the
Answer
  • middle and lower course
  • upper and lower course
  • upper and middle course

Question 33

Question
dissolved load is carried out to sea
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 34

Question
Mouth of a river forms a wide funnel shape called an [blank_start]estuary[blank_end] Estuaries are [blank_start]tidal[blank_end] and a mix of [blank_start]fresh[blank_end] and salt water deposition of [blank_start]salt[blank_end] and [blank_start]clay[blank_end] here form mud [blank_start]flats[blank_end] and [blank_start]salt[blank_end] marshes
Answer
  • estuary
  • fresh
  • tidal
  • salt
  • salt
  • flats
  • clay

Question 35

Question
Deltas forms when silt accumulates at the mouth of the river because...
Answer
  • there is too much of it
  • the sea can't move it
  • it joins together
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