PoplHlth102 Midterm MCQ

Genetics and individual biology

Over consumption and production, sedentary lifestyles and poor economic policy/regulation

Increased fat and sugar content in food, which is regulated poorly in both economical and political sense, and over-provided.

An unfair distribution of risk factors, leading to those with lower SES at higher risk of obesity

Low at the beginning of the 20th century, with an slow increase post World War 2, until the 1970s when a large reduction in smoking prevalence (still seen today) occurred

High at the beginning of the 20th century, with an rapid increase post World War 2, until the 1970s when a large reduction in smoking prevalence (still seen today) occurred

Low at the beginning of the 20th century, with an slight increase post World War 2, until the 1970s when a plateau in smoking prevalence occured

Low at the beginning of the 20th century, with an rapid increase post World War 2, until the 1970s when a large reduction in smoking prevalence (still seen today) occurred

A downstream cause of health, such as cultural or political context, education, poverty, and social connection

An upstream cause of health, such as diet, activity levels, exercise, or alcohol consumption

A downstream cause of health, such assuch as diet, activity levels, exercise, or alcohol consumption

An upstream cause of health, such as cultural or political context, education, poverty, and social connection

Focus on the biological or psychological factors affecting health, and assumes illness is caused by bacteria, genes, or virus. Illness is addressed in a clinical manner, by doctors or psychologists.

Focus on the biological factors affecting health, and assumes illness is caused by bacteria, genes, or virus. Illness is addressed in a clinical manner by medical professionals

Only focuses on the distal determinants of health

Focus on the biology of an individual, as well as the social determinants acting on their health

A social model of health addresses the broader causes of health, and looks at health status as the impact of the individual determinants as well ads the complex interactions an individual has with surrounding environments. the model does not address biological factors.

A social model of health addresses the broader causes of health, and looks at health status as the impact of the individual social and biological determinants as well as the complex interactions an individual has with surrounding environments.

Social models of health only consider the distal factors and the impact they have on health

Social models of health believe an individuals health is solely shaped by their environment and none of their own individual choices

An inequality is a disparity, whereas an inequity is a disparity due to colonialism

An inequity is a disparity, but an inequality is a systematically unjust disparity

All health inequalities are health inequities, but not all health inequities are health inequalities

A health inequality is a difference in health between groups, and a health inequity is an unfair difference in health between groups

Inequalities that are preventable by reasonable means are unfair (inequities), therefore putting them right is a matter of justice.

Justice (is one group receiving more or less than another?), Beneficence/Non Malifience (is it a result of exposure or benefits?), and Respect for Autonomy (can some groups not make educated decisions?)

Justice (is one group receiving more or less than another?) and Respect for Autonomy (can some groups not make educated decisions?)

Beneficence/Non Malifience (is it a result of exposure or benefits?), and Respect for Autonomy (can some groups not make educated decisions?)

Ensure every individual in society has equal opportunity to equal health via access to care, health environments, education, and protection.

Ration the scarce resources, for unavoidable scarcities (finite resources i.e organ donors, hospital beds)

Ration the scarce resources, for economic scarcities (size of resource is determined by the government)

Ration the scarce resources, for unavoidable scarcities (finite resources i.e organ donors, hospital beds) andfor economic scarcities (size of resource is determined by the government)

Choose via capacity to benefit (those who would get the most benefit from the resource get priority), or by equal chance for all individuals to access the resource.

Use a market solution by giving all resources to the individuals and allowing them to open however much they desire on healthcare

Equal distribution of resources

Equitable resource distribution

A complex mix of social and economic circumstances of an individual or group

A mesure that includes income, occupation, area of residence, and social integration

A concept related to the concept of social and economic capital

All of the options

Occupational (NZSEI, NZSCO)- Do you have a job, how much you earn

Income based (Household or individual income, oftenin relation to the poverty line)

Deprivation (NZDep- what you don't have in relation to the population). 9 variables

Living standards (What you do have in relation to the population, ELSI)

All of the above