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Immunology 1

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Quiz by 0 9, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by 0 9 over 7 years ago
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Question 1

Question
What is the best description of an infectious agent?
Answer
  • An organism that can replicate inside the host and cause a host reaction to its products
  • An organism which lives in co-existence with the host
  • An organism which is immunogenic

Question 2

Question
Advantages of infecting a host to a pathogen are: P[blank_start]rotection[blank_end] [blank_start]Nutrient[blank_end] provision Travel Disadvantages are: Host driven [blank_start]choices[blank_end] [blank_start]Defence[blank_end] mechanisms encountered
Answer
  • Nutrient
  • rotection
  • choices
  • Defence

Question 3

Question
True or false?
Image:
b90f7b7f-f3fc-4a8f-b1b8-68d2fdc9dec6 (image/png)
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 4

Question
The response of the innate immune system is the same every time
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 5

Question
The first encounter of the adaptive immune system is very rapid.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 6

Question
The innate immune system has a memory property.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 7

Question
What are some physical barriers of the innate immune system?
Answer
  • Lysozyme
  • Hydrochloric acid
  • Ciliated epithelia
  • Epidermis

Question 8

Question
Which of these options summarises lysozymes action?
Answer
  • Cleaves the NAG-NAM carbohydrates in Gram positive bacterial cell walls
  • Generates hypothiocyanite anion which inhibits glucose transport by oxidation
  • Chelates iron, preventing growth and oxidation
  • Chelates Ca2+ and Zn2+
  • Induce pore formation

Question 9

Question
Which of these options summarises lactoperoxidase's action?
Answer
  • Cleaves the NAG-NAM carbohydrates in Gram positive bacterial cell walls
  • Generates hypothiocyanite anion which inhibits glucose transport by oxidation
  • Chelates iron, preventing growth and oxidation
  • Chelates Ca2+ and Zn2+
  • Induce pore formation

Question 10

Question
Which of these options summarises lactoferrin's action?
Answer
  • Cleaves the NAG-NAM carbohydrates in Gram positive bacterial cell walls
  • Generates hypothiocyanite anion which inhibits glucose transport by oxidation
  • Chelates iron, preventing growth and oxidation
  • Chelates Ca2+ and Zn2+
  • Induce pore formation

Question 11

Question
Which of these options summarises calprotectin's action?
Answer
  • Cleaves the NAG-NAM carbohydrates in Gram positive bacterial cell walls
  • Generates hypothiocyanite anion which inhibits glucose transport by oxidation
  • Chelates iron, preventing growth and oxidation
  • Chelates Ca2+ and Zn2+
  • Induce pore formation

Question 12

Question
Which of these options summarises defensin action?
Answer
  • Cleaves the NAG-NAM carbohydrates in Gram positive bacterial cell walls
  • Generates hypothiocyanite anion which inhibits glucose transport by oxidation
  • Chelates iron, preventing growth and oxidation
  • Chelates Ca2+ and Zn2+
  • Induce pore formation

Question 13

Question
Which of these options summarises histatin action?
Answer
  • Cleaves the NAG-NAM carbohydrates in Gram positive bacterial cell walls
  • Generates hypothiocyanite anion which inhibits glucose transport by oxidation
  • Chelates iron, preventing growth and oxidation
  • Chelates Ca2+ and Zn2+
  • Induce pore formation

Question 14

Question
Which is a function of mucins?
Answer
  • Glycoproteins which lubricate and hydrate the mucosal surfaces. This traps and prevents admission of bacteria to the mucosa.
  • Bind to bacterial adhesins causing bacterial clumping for removal
  • Chelates Ca2+ and Zn2+
  • Generates hypothiocyanite anion which inhibits glucose transport by oxidation
  • Cleaves the NAG-NAM carbohydrates in Gram positive bacterial cell walls

Question 15

Question
Which is a function of salivary agglutinin?
Answer
  • Glycoproteins which lubricate and hydrate the mucosal surfaces. This traps and prevents admission of bacteria to the mucosa.
  • Bind to bacterial adhesins causing bacterial clumping for removal
  • Chelates Ca2+ and Zn2+
  • Generates hypothiocyanite anion which inhibits glucose transport by oxidation
  • Cleaves the NAG-NAM carbohydrates in Gram positive bacterial cell walls

Question 16

Question
Defensins are...
Answer
  • Serine proteases
  • Cationic peptides
  • Cysteine deaminases

Question 17

Question
What feature of defensins allows them to become inserted in the lipid bilayer?
Answer
  • They are amphipathic
  • They are cationic peptides
  • They have cysteine rich regions in their amino acid sequence

Question 18

Question
Defensins, cathelicidins and histatins are antimicrobial peptides all secreted by...
Answer
  • Epithelial cells
  • Phagocytes
  • Epithelial cells and Phagocytes

Question 19

Question
What does NAG mean in the context of lysozyme?
Answer
  • N-acetylglucosamine
  • N-acetylmuramic acid
  • Non agglutinating glycoprotein
  • N-acetylcysteine

Question 20

Question
What does NAM mean in the context of lysozyme?
Answer
  • N-acetylglucosamine
  • N-acetylmuramic acid
  • Non agglutinating glycoprotein
  • N-acetylcysteine

Question 21

Question
What linkage is cleaved between NAG-NAM carbohydrates by Lysozyme?
Answer
  • B-1,4
  • A-1,6
  • B-1,2

Question 22

Question
Lysozyme is more effective against gram negative bacteria since they do not have a layer of LPS covering the peptidoglycan NAG-NAM carbohydrates in their cell wall structure
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 23

Question
Histatins are produced by
Answer
  • Epithelial cells and Phagocytes
  • The major salivary glands
  • Dendritic and Natural killer cells

Question 24

Question
Histatins are predominantly active against
Answer
  • Fungi
  • Viruses
  • Bacteria

Question 25

Question
Histatins are particularly rich in...
Answer
  • Histadine
  • Cysteine
  • Serine
  • Defensins

Question 26

Question
Calprotectin depletes iron availability.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 27

Question
Lactoferrin produces hypothiocyanite which oxidises glucose transport carriers therefore reducing bacterial glucose uptake
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 28

Question
Chromogranin A and Thrombospondin 1 give rise to cationic peptides. They interact better with plant/animal cells than bacterial surfaces.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 29

Question
Cystatins are
Answer
  • Cysteine protease inhibitors
  • Cysteine protease
  • Serine protease inhibitor

Question 30

Question
What is gingipains?
Answer
  • Cysteine protease
  • Cysteine protease inhibitor
  • Serine protease

Question 31

Question
SLP1 is a
Answer
  • Serine protease inhibitor (inhibit neutrophil elastase)
  • Serine protease (cleave neutrophil elastase)
  • Cysteine protease (cleave neutrophil granules)

Question 32

Question
Cystatins and Von Ebner's protein are both cysteine protease inhibitors
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 33

Question
Cystatins, Von Ebners protein and SLP1 are all cysteine protease inhibitors
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 34

Question
Which scavenges peroxidation products?
Answer
  • Von Ebners protein
  • SLP1
  • Cystatins

Question 35

Question
Toll like receptors react to...
Answer
  • PAMPs
  • DAMPs
  • Antigens

Question 36

Question
NOD-like receptors detect intracellular virus RNA
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 37

Question
NOD-like receptors detect intracellular pathogen peptidoglycan
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 38

Question
NOD-like receptors detect intracellular pathogen p[blank_start]eptidoglycan[blank_end]
Answer
  • eptidoglycan

Question 39

Question
RIG-1 like helicase detect intracellular [blank_start]virus[blank_end] R[blank_start]NA[blank_end]
Answer
  • virus
  • NA

Question 40

Question
NLRP family of proteins are nod like receptors with pyrin associated with them
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 41

Question
The inflammasome is important in cleaving cytokines and contributes to their short half life
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 42

Question
NLRP3 is the only NLRP protein to form inflammasomes
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 43

Question
What are the components of the typical inflammasome?
Answer
  • Caspase 1
  • NLRP3
  • Adaptor protein
  • TLR

Question 44

Question
Activation of toll like or nod like receptors results in what?
Answer
  • Transcription factor activation and subsequent pro-inflammatory cytokine production
  • Inflammasome cleavage of pro-cytokines
  • Exocytosis of active pro-inflammatory cytokines

Question 45

Question
Which of these are serum proteins?
Answer
  • Acute phase proteins
  • Complement
  • Interferons
  • Cytokines
  • Chemokines

Question 46

Question
Which of these are tissue factors?
Answer
  • Cytokines
  • Chemokines
  • Interferons
  • Complement
  • Acute phase proteins

Question 47

Question
Acute phase proteins are produced by the
Answer
  • Liver
  • Spleen
  • MALT
  • Peyer's patches

Question 48

Question
C reactive protein is a [blank_start]pentameric[blank_end] protein made by h[blank_start]epatocytes[blank_end]
Answer
  • pentameric
  • epatocytes

Question 49

Question
C reactive protein activates...
Answer
  • Complement cascade
  • Promotes phagocytosis
  • IL-10 to suppress inflammation

Question 50

Question
CRP is said to act like a primitive antibody since it activates complement and induces more phagocytosis
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 51

Question
Interferons are proteins
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 52

Question
Type 1 interferons are...
Answer
  • Alpha
  • Beta
  • Gamma

Question 53

Question
Type 2 interferons are...
Answer
  • Gamma
  • Alpha
  • Beta

Question 54

Question
How do interferons function?
Answer
  • Prevent viral replication
  • Increase display of viral particles to the immune system
  • Promoting phagocytosis
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