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APUSH midterm study

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study for APUSH midterm late 1700s to late 1800s almost
Ashley Hames
Quiz by Ashley Hames, updated more than 1 year ago
Ashley Hames
Created by Ashley Hames over 7 years ago
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Resource summary

Question 1

Question
The issue of religious toleration figured prominently in the founding of colonies by all of the following EXCEPT
Answer
  • James Oglethorpe
  • Cecil Calvert
  • Anne Hutchinson
  • William Penn
  • Roger Williams

Question 2

Question
Which of the following accurately describes a problem faced by Virginia in the last decades of the 17th century?
Answer
  • a decline in tobacco production
  • frequent slave uprisings
  • the lowering of wages caused by the influx of immigrants
  • political control by small farmers in the House of Burgesses
  • conflict between large plantation owners and settlers on Virginia's western frontier

Question 3

Question
Which of the following documents would be most useful in examining the origins of constitutional government in colonial America?
Answer
  • the sermons of Puritan ministers
  • newspaper commentary on the Halfway Covenant
  • the Fundamental Orders of Connecticut
  • political tracts concerning the Dominion of New England
  • the correspondence of Sir Edmond Andros

Question 4

Question
"Puritan intolerance of dissent led to the founding of a number of new colonies." The founding of which of the following does NOT support this statement?
Answer
  • Providence
  • Portsmouth (Rhode Island)
  • Hartford
  • New Hampshire
  • New Haven

Question 5

Question
Roger Williams differed from other Puritan ministers in his emphasis on
Answer
  • the study of the Bible
  • the value of consensus in church meetings
  • nonviolence
  • the individual's private religious conscious
  • the supreme authority of church leaders

Question 6

Question
Which of the following was NOT a factor in the formation of the New England Confederation?
Answer
  • the problem of defending against Indian attacks
  • conflicts over colonial boundaries
  • concern about runaway servants
  • neglect by the English government
  • a desire to suppress religious dissent

Question 7

Question
The chief purpose of mercantilist policies was to
Answer
  • help colonies be self-sufficient
  • strengthen the economy and power of the mother country
  • defend the colonies from rival powers
  • maintain tight control over the tobacco industry
  • foster stable relations between the Crown and the colonies

Question 8

Question
The acts of trade and navigation had all of the following consequences in the colonies EXCEPT
Answer
  • Colonial manufacturing was limited.
  • Colonial economies were regulated from London.
  • Low prices were charged for English imports.
  • Smuggling became a common practice.
  • New England shipbuilding prospered.

Question 9

Question
William Penn's "Holy Experiment" included all of the following ideas EXCEPT
Answer
  • nonviolence
  • the Bible as a religious authority for all
  • fair treatment of Native Americans
  • a refuge for Quakers
  • religious toleration

Question 10

Question
In the mid-18th century, all of the following were generally true about slavery in the British colonies EXCEPT
Answer
  • Planters thought it provided a more dependable labor supply than other options.
  • There were more slaves than indentured servants in the southern colonies.
  • It was strongly opposed in New England.
  • Slaves accounted for about half the population in Virginia.
  • Colonial laws gave slavery a permanent legal status.

Question 11

Question
The Great Awakening was a reaction to
Answer
  • the flood of immigrants
  • established churches in many of the colonies
  • churches' earlier failure to take account of people's emotional needs
  • guilt over the evils of slavery
  • the overly strict teachings of the Church of England

Question 12

Question
Preachers of the Great Awakening focused on the importance of
Answer
  • the consequences of leading a sinful life
  • the sovereignty and power of God
  • repenting of one's sins in order to be saved from eternal damnation
  • looking to the Bible as the final source of authority
  • all of the above

Question 13

Question
The Great Awakening had all of the following consequences EXCEPT
Answer
  • reduced competition among Protestant sects
  • decline in the authority of Protestant ministers
  • a belief that common people could make their own decisions
  • increased emotionalism in church services
  • a feeling of shared experience among colonists in different regions and of different national origins.

Question 14

Question
Which of the following is true of immigration to the colonies during the first half of the 18th century?
Answer
  • Most immigrants settled to New England.
  • Most immigrants came from continental Europe.
  • A sizable minority of immigrants had no freedom of choice in coming to the colonies.
  • The English government tried to discourage immigration.
  • Most immigrants worked for low wages in cities along the eastern seaboard.

Question 15

Question
In the 18th century, all of the following were generally true about colonial society in America EXCEPT
Answer
  • The English language and English traditions were dominant.
  • There were few poor people and no real aristocrats.
  • Voters played an active role in government.
  • It was impossible for individuals to better themselves economically or socially.
  • A degree of religious toleration could be found in each colony.

Question 16

Question
At his trial, John Peter Zenger won acquittal on the grounds that
Answer
  • the king had less authority in the colonies than in England
  • English law permitted the press almost total freedom
  • libel laws did not apply to government officials
  • New York's governor deserved to be criticized
  • truth could not be libel

Question 17

Question
Which of the following did the colonies lack?
Answer
  • an adequate monetary system
  • good harbors and rivers for transportation
  • the ability to import goods from England
  • an adequate supply of slave labor
  • sufficient markets for colonial timber and naval stores

Question 18

Question
Which of the following statements accurately describes the governments of ALL 13 colonies in the mid-18th century?
Answer
  • The governor was appointed by the king.
  • Members of the governor's council were elected.
  • The government assisted an established church.
  • One house of the legislature was elected by eligible voters.
  • The governor had nearly dictatorial power.

Question 19

Question
"Benjamin Franklin was the epitome of the multitalented colonial American." Each of the following could be used to support this statement EXCEPT
Answer
  • experiments with electricity
  • Poor Richard's Almanac
  • military leadership
  • invention of the bifocial lenses
  • founding of a nonsectarian college

Question 20

Question
Which of the following best represents the "new man" described by Crèvecoeur?
Answer
  • an indentured servant recently arrived from France
  • a native-born Pennsylvania merchant
  • an adult slave on a South Carolina plantation
  • a German-speaking farmer on the frontier
  • a royal governor of Virginia

Question 21

Question
Which of the following does NOT express a British criticism of the colonies in 1763?
Answer
  • Samuel Adams and other colonial leaders organized opposition to British authority.
  • Many colonists showed disloyalty by failing to support this war effort.
  • The colonial militia was badly trained.
  • Although the colonies benefited from the British victory, they failed to pay their fair share of the war costs.
  • The Virginians under George Washington disobeyed orders in attacking a French fort.

Question 22

Question
"After the French and Indian War, the British government tried to make Americans pay for British protection in the colonies." Each of the following supports this statement EXCEPT the
Answer
  • Stamp Act
  • Sugar Act
  • Quartering Act
  • Townshend Acts
  • Quebec Act

Question 23

Question
Pontiac's Rebellion was a reaction to
Answer
  • the building of Fort Duquesne
  • the westward movement of English settlers
  • French control of the fur trade
  • the Proclamation of 1763
  • the outbreak of the French and Indian War

Question 24

Question
Which of the following was NOT a consequence of the Stamp Act?
Answer
  • Delegates from different colonies held a protest meeting in New York.
  • The Sons of Liberty threatened tax officials.
  • Colonial war debts were paid.
  • Colonists boycotted British goods.
  • London merchants suffered from a reduction in trade.

Question 25

Question
John Dickinson defended the idea of no taxation without representation by arguing that
Answer
  • colonists owed no loyalty to the king
  • Parliament could not regulate trade
  • colonists were too poor to be taxed
  • to tax people without their consent violated English law
  • colonists did not have to submit to British authority

Question 26

Question
The Townshend Acts provoked all of the following colonial reactions EXCEPT
Answer
  • the Massachusetts Circular Letter
  • John Dickinson's "Letters from a Farmer in Pennsylvania"
  • the Stamp Act Congress
  • colonial boycotts of British goods
  • the Gaspee incident

Question 27

Question
The Boston Tea Party had which of the following causes?
Answer
  • the Boston Massacre
  • Parliament's efforts to improve the profits of the British East India Company
  • the Intolerable Acts
  • the arguments of the committee of correspondence
  • the imperial policies of Lord Grenville

Question 28

Question
Which of the following sources would be most useful in studying the philosophical foundations of the American Revolution?
Answer
  • John Dickinson's "Letters from a Farmer in Pennsylvania"
  • Benjamin Franklin's "Poor Richard's Almanack"
  • John Locke's "Two Treatises of Government"
  • John Edwards' "Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God"
  • the Albany Plan of Union

Question 29

Question
Enlightenment philosophers believed in all of the following ideas EXCEPT
Answer
  • People have the right to revolt against tyranny.
  • People have rights simply because they are human.
  • Sovereignty resides with the people.
  • A fundamental purpose of government is to protect people's rights.
  • God is the primary authority for government.

Question 30

Question
Which of the following is a correct statement about the American colonies in the 1770s before the outbreak of the Revolutionary War?
Answer
  • Except for a few radicals, Americans generally accepted the policies of George III's ministers.
  • Most Americans resisted the British government's efforts to impose new taxes.
  • France encouraged the British colonies to revolt.
  • Colonial boycotts failed to have an effect on British policy.
  • The 13 colonies had developed a single policy for dealing with Parliament.

Question 31

Question
Which of the following sources would be most useful in researching a paper entitled "Arguments for Independence, 1776"?
Answer
  • John Dickinson's "Letters from a Farmer in Pennsylvania"
  • the Olive Branch Petition
  • John Locke's "Two Treatises of Government"
  • Treaty of Paris (1783)
  • Thomas Paine's "Commen Sense"

Question 32

Question
The Battle of Saratoga had all of the following consequences EXCEPT
Answer
  • encouraged the British to grant most of the American demands
  • persuaded the French to form an alliance with the United States
  • defeated a British attempt to isolate New England from the other colonies
  • gave a boost to American morale
  • caused the British to adopt a different military strategy

Question 33

Question
The First Continental Congress was a reaction to
Answer
  • the Declaratory Act
  • fighting at Lexington and Concord
  • passage of the Intolerable Acts
  • the Boston Massacre
  • the British tax on tea

Question 34

Question
In his pamphlet "Common Sense," Thomas Paine defended the idea of American independence on the grounds that
Answer
  • all men are created equal
  • Parliament was dictatorial
  • people should not pledge allegiance to a king and a corrupt government
  • democratic government of, by, and for the people was the only type based on natural law and reason
  • liberty belongs to those who fight for it

Question 35

Question
As a result of the Treaty of Paris, the United States gained all of the following EXCEPT
Answer
  • fishing rights off the coast of Canada
  • British recognition of U.S. independence
  • a western boundary on the Mississippi River
  • the territory of Florida
  • a peaceful settlement of the Revolutionary War

Question 36

Question
Which of the following most accurately describes those Americans who fought on the British side in the American Revolution?
Answer
  • They came from all groups and classes.
  • They were a majority of the population.
  • They were most numerous in New England.
  • THey were generally identified with the Whig party in England.
  • They were motivated by a desire for financial gain.

Question 37

Question
Which of the following most accurately describes the change in American public opinion between January 1774 and July 1776?
Answer
  • It changed from a desire for reconciliation to a decision for independence.
  • Most people favored independence in 1774 but were willing to fight for it only after the Declaration of Independence.
  • Loyalists were in the majority both in 1774 and 1776.
  • By the summer of 1776, only a relatively small number of Americans expressed support for the king's government.
  • Military support from France encouraged American Patriots.

Question 38

Question
Statement: "The Articles of Confederation succeeded in guiding the United States through its first decade." Each of the following supports this statement EXCEPT
Answer
  • Congress regulated interstate trade.
  • Congress enacted the Land Ordinance of 1785.
  • Congress enacted the Northwest Ordinance.
  • The U.S. government signed a favorable treaty of peace.
  • The U.S. government conducted the war effort that resulted in American Independence.

Question 39

Question
Statement: "The new state constitutions enacted during the Revolutionary War reflect the Patriots' emphasis on individual liberty." Each of the following actions supports this statement EXCEPT
Answer
  • starting each constitution with a bill of rights
  • providing for separation of powers to limit abuses
  • submitting proposed constitutions to the people for ratification
  • the absence of any provision for the abolition of slavery
  • providing for the separation of church and state

Question 40

Question
Which of the following is a correct statement about the United States at the end of the Revolutionary War?
Answer
  • The central government was stronger than any state government.
  • Women received greater political rights.
  • Aristocratic privileges were reduced or eliminated.
  • Slavery was unchallenged.
  • Every state adopted the idea of separation of church and state.

Question 41

Question
In the 1780s, all of the following contributed to dissatisfaction with the Articles of Confederation EXCEPT
Answer
  • high taxes levied by the national government
  • a farmers' revolt in Massachusetts against the collection of state taxes
  • states refusing to honor the Treaty of Paris
  • worthless paper money printed by many states
  • states restricting trade with one another

Question 42

Question
Which of the following statements accurately describes an argument of the Anti-Federalists?
Answer
  • The Constitution failed to provide for a Supreme Court.
  • The Constitution lacked a Bill of Rights.
  • States' rights were strong enough to limit the central government.
  • The president's powers were too limited.
  • The small states had to be protected from the bigger ones.

Question 43

Question
"The U.S. Constitution is a bundle of compromises." Which of the following provisions of the Constitution does NOT reflect support for this statement?
Answer
  • representation in the U.S. House of Representatives
  • representation in the U.S. Senate
  • counting a slave as three-fifths of a person
  • Congress' power to tax imports but not exports
  • a national court system separate from the legislature

Question 44

Question
In his interpretation of the Constitutional Convention, the historian Charles Beard focused on the importance of
Answer
  • sectional differences
  • conflict over slavery
  • economic interests of a wealthy elite
  • political factions from colonial times
  • the genius and wisdom of the framers

Question 45

Question
In 1788, the Federalists promised to add a bill of rights to the Constitution in order to
Answer
  • protect their own liberties from possible abuse by the U.S. government
  • persuade state conventions to ratify the Constitution
  • ensure that government would be democratic
  • establish a popular platform for the election of George Washington
  • expand the rights of voters

Question 46

Question
Alexander Hamilton's financial program consisted of all of the following EXCEPT
Answer
  • the creation of a U.S. bank
  • the collection of federal excise tax on whisky
  • payment of state debts by the federal government
  • payment of subsidies to farmers
  • tariffs to protect infant U.S. industries

Question 47

Question
Which of the following was the underlying cause of the other four?
Answer
  • the Jay Treaty
  • the French Revolution
  • the XYZ Affair
  • Citizen Genêt controversy
  • Washington's Proclamation of Neutrality

Question 48

Question
The Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions presented the argument that
Answer
  • states had the power to organize political parties
  • Congress had no power to legislate on questions of immigration
  • states could nullify acts of Congress
  • Congress should consult the states before declaring war
  • the Constitution should be amended

Question 49

Question
The decline in support for the Federalist party can be traced most directly to its handling of the issue of
Answer
  • the Bill of Rights
  • the XYZ Affair
  • Citizen Genêt
  • the Alien and Sedition acts
  • Marbury v. Madison

Question 50

Question
Which of the following was NOT a significant consequence of the election of 1800?
Answer
  • Thomas Jefferson became president.
  • The Democratic-Republicans took control of Congress.
  • The Twelfth Amendment was added to the Constitution.
  • The U.S. government gave less attention to foreign affairs.
  • The party in power left office peacefully.

Question 51

Question
Which of the following leaders is INCORRECTLY paired with a notable event or deed?
Answer
  • Thomas Jefferson--Louisiana Purchase
  • Andrew Jackson--Battle of New Orleans
  • Tecumseh--Battle of Tippecanoe
  • Henry Clay--declaration of war in 1812
  • Alexander Hamilton--Embargo Act of 1807

Question 52

Question
Thomas Jefferson's revolution of 1800 changed the Federalist policies of Washington and Adams in all of the following areas EXCEPT
Answer
  • size of the military
  • number of federal employees
  • amount of national debt
  • foreign affairs
  • Alien and Sedition Acts

Question 53

Question
Which of the following accurately characterizes the foreign policy goals of Jefferson and Madison before 1812?
Answer
  • strengthen U.S. trade relations with Britain and France
  • maintain U.S. neutral rights without going to war
  • seek an alliance with either Britain or France
  • explore various means for acquiring Canada
  • provide aid to independence movements in Latin America

Question 54

Question
John Marshall's Supreme Court decision in the case of Marbury v. Madison established
Answer
  • a means for installing Federalist judges in office
  • rules for impeachment trials
  • the principle of judicial review
  • the federal government's authority over the states
  • a procedure for reviewing treaties

Question 55

Question
Native Americans in the West allied themselves with the British in the War of 1812 because they
Answer
  • wanted to stop American settlers from taking their lands
  • were persuaded to do so by Aaron Burr
  • had ambitions to establish an Indian confederacy
  • had always been friendly with the British
  • had signed a binding treaty with Britain during the American Revolution

Question 56

Question
Thomas Jefferson's chief reason for purchasing Louisiana was to
Answer
  • challenge Hamilton's loose interpretation of the Constitution
  • challenge Napoleon's bid for world empire
  • give the United States control of the Mississippi River
  • provide a rationale for the Lewis and Clark Expedition
  • strengthen the Republican party in the trans-Mississippi West

Question 57

Question
All of the following contributed to the U.S. decision to go to war in 1812 EXCEPT
Answer
  • the election of war hawks to Congress in 1810
  • a desire to acquire parts of Canada
  • British impressment of American seamen
  • efforts to protect the land of Native Americans
  • American sympathy with France against Britain

Question 58

Question
Which of the following documents or sources would be most useful for analyzing the effects of the Embargo of 1807 on the U.S. economy?
Answer
  • Jefferson's instructions to Lewis and Clark
  • resolutions of the Hartford Convention
  • records of shipbuilding activity in a New England state from 1805 to 1810
  • financial accounts of Georgia plantations from 1805 to 1807
  • speeches of Henry Clay (1810-1812)

Question 59

Question
The War of 1812 had all of the following consequences in the United States EXCEPT
Answer
  • acquisition of new land
  • Native Americans' loss of Britain as an ally
  • the demise of the Federalist party
  • an increase in U.S. manufacturing
  • an increase in American nationalism

Question 60

Question
The Hartford Convention had long-term significance because it
Answer
  • encouraged Britain to sign the Treaty of Ghent
  • presented a major challenge to Madison's domestic policies
  • forced repeal of the Embargo Act of 1807
  • marked the end of the Federalists as a national party
  • organized national opposition to the War of 1812

Question 61

Question
Which of the following statements accurately describes the Monroe Doctrine?
Answer
  • It caused an immediate change in the U.S. role in world affairs.
  • It asserted the U.S. right to send troops into the countries of Latin America to provide political stability.
  • It declared U.S. opposition to European intervention in the affairs of independent countries of the Western Hemisphere.
  • It was fully supported by the British government.
  • It established the U.S. claim to being a world power.

Question 62

Question
Which of the following increased southern planters' reliance on slaves?
Answer
  • Missouri Compromise
  • invention of the steamboat
  • invention of the cotton gin
  • Lowell System
  • Louisiana Purchase

Question 63

Question
The Erie Canal was significant because it
Answer
  • challenged railroads as the primary transportation system of the early 1800s
  • tied the manufacturing of the East to the farming of the West
  • was the first federally funded internal improvement
  • stimulated subsistence farming and manufacturing in the West
  • increased trade with Great Britain

Question 64

Question
A major effect of John Marshall's Supreme Court decision was to
Answer
  • expand federal power and limit the states' power
  • expand the states' power and limit federal power
  • declare federal laws to be unconstitutional
  • protect and enlarge the jurisdiction of state courts
  • legitimize a strict interpretation of the U.S. Constitution

Question 65

Question
Henry Clay's idea of an American System included all of the following EXCEPT
Answer
  • protective tariffs
  • internal improvements
  • state banks
  • increased trade between all sections of the country
  • federal funds for a national transportation system

Question 66

Question
Which of the following is a correct statement about the United States at the beginning of the Era of Good Feelings?
Answer
  • Sectionalism had become the dominant force in the nation.
  • There were no more divisions within the ranks of the Republican party.
  • Federalists and Republicans united on an economic program of internal improvements and protective tariffs.
  • Friendliness and cooperation with Britain replaced earlier policies of hostility.
  • Nationalism strongly influenced American culture and politics.

Question 67

Question
Which pair of issues aroused the most controversy in 1819 and 1820?
Answer
  • internal improvements and Latin American independence
  • slavery in Missouri and Latin American independence
  • slavery in Missouri and a financial crisis
  • Monroe's prospects for reelection and a financial crisis
  • Monroe's prospects for reelection and the protective tariff

Question 68

Question
Which of the following best describes changes in the American economy in the late 1820s?
Answer
  • improved transportation in the West, depressed conditions in the South
  • industrialization in the Northeast, diversified farming in the South
  • improved transportation in the West, industrialization in the North
  • cotton farming in the South, depressed conditions in the North
  • railroads in all sections providing the primary stimulus for economic growth

Question 69

Question
In the first decades of the 19th century, the Industrial Revolution in the United States was supported by developments in all of the following areas EXCEPT
Answer
  • the factory system
  • transportation
  • corporations
  • mechanical inventions
  • crafts unions

Question 70

Question
In the 1830s and 1840s, all of the following were generally true about immigration EXCEPT
Answer
  • Most immigrants came from the British Isles and northern Europe.
  • Improvements in ship technology made the ocean voyage relatively cheap and fast.
  • The South attracted the least number of immigrants.
  • An overwhelming majority of native-born Americans welcomed immigrants as a cheap source of labor.
  • Poorer immigrants lived in the cities while those with some money farmed in the West.

Question 71

Question
During the 1840s, large numbers of Irish immigrated to the United States mainly because of
Answer
  • British persecutions in Ireland
  • U.S. policies offering free land
  • support from the irish-American Aid Society
  • the development of textile mills in New England
  • famine resulting from the failure of the potato crop

Question 72

Question
Nativist reaction to immigration resulted in
Answer
  • the formation of the Know-Nothing party
  • the splitting of the Democratic-Republican party
  • major changes in the immigration laws
  • increased immigration from southern Europe
  • greater sectional differences between North and South

Question 73

Question
All of the following restricted the growth of labor unions before the Civil War EXCEPT
Answer
  • increased numbers of immigrant workers
  • economic depressions
  • opposition by factory employers
  • opposition by southern plantation owners
  • judicial decisions

Question 74

Question
Twenty years after the ratification of the U.S. Constitution, Congress prohibited
Answer
  • slavery in all U.S. territories
  • slave ownership by federal employees
  • immigration
  • importation of slaves into the United States
  • efforts to change naturalization laws

Question 75

Question
Which of the following activities was most commonly practiced by African Americans as a means of resisting slavery in the early 1800s?
Answer
  • sitdown strike
  • legal action
  • political action
  • armed revolt
  • work slowdown

Question 76

Question
Before the Civil War, which of the following groups of southern whites did NOT defend slavery?
Answer
  • Methodist congregations
  • farmers
  • poor whites
  • large landowners
  • mountain people

Question 77

Question
Before 1860, the change that most influenced the lives of Native Americans on the Great Plains was
Answer
  • the introduction of the horse
  • the building of a transcontinental railroad
  • sectional tensions between North and South
  • immigration
  • the establishment of reservations

Question 78

Question
Which of the following regions is INCORRECTLY paired with an economic or social characteristic?
Answer
  • Old Northwest--agriculture
  • New England--factory system
  • western frontier in 1850--tobacco farming
  • Deep South--cotton farming
  • border states--slavery

Question 79

Question
Which of the following is a CORRECT statement about the United States in 1850?
Answer
  • The vast majority of Native Americans lived west of the Mississippi River.
  • A majority of Americans lived in cities.
  • All free African Americans lived in the North.
  • Most industrial workers were protected by laws providing for an eight-hour day.
  • The Mississippi River defined the western frontier.

Question 80

Question
Jacksonian Democrats favored all of the following EXCEPT
Answer
  • rotation in office
  • universal suffrage for white males
  • the caucus system of nominating candidates
  • rewarding political supporters with government jobs
  • presidential electors being chosen by popular vote

Question 81

Question
After the election of 1824, the president's choice of Henry Clay as secretary of state resulted in
Answer
  • the end of political bitterness between the major parties
  • the revival of the Federalist party
  • widespread criticism of the spoils system
  • charges of a corrupt bargain with John Q. Adams
  • a political alliance between Clay and Andrew Jackson

Question 82

Question
An important effect of the tariff of abominations in 1828 was
Answer
  • increased prices for cotton overseas
  • South Carolina's adoption of the theory of nullification
  • the election of a Democratic president, Andrew Jackson
  • an alliance of northeastern workers and western farmers
  • the growth of manufacturing in the South

Question 83

Question
The Revolution of 1828 revealed that political power was
Answer
  • shifting to the western states
  • shifting to the southern states
  • entrenched on the eastern seabord
  • gravitating toward conservative elements
  • evenly divided between Whigs and Democrats

Question 84

Question
Which of the following documents would be most useful in evaluating President Jackson's commitment to democratic values?
Answer
  • the Specie Circular
  • veto message on the rechartering of the Second Bank of the United States
  • congressional hearings on the "Corrupt Bargain"
  • Supreme Court cases on the Indian-removal issue
  • Calhoun's writings on nullification

Question 85

Question
In the 1830s, the factor that most directly promoted the development of a two-party system was
Answer
  • the growth of the immigrant population
  • increased interest in foreign affairs
  • changes in methods of nominating and electing the president
  • increasing sectional conflict between northern and southern states over the tariff issue
  • the dropping of constitutional limitations on the party system

Question 86

Question
"The duties of all public officers are, or at least admit of being made, so plain and simple that more is lost by the long continuance of men in office than is general to be gained by their experience." This statement best reflects the views of
Answer
  • John C. Calhoun
  • Daniel Webster
  • John Q. Adams
  • Andrew Jackson
  • Henry Clay

Question 87

Question
The main issue in the presidential campaign of 1832 was
Answer
  • the recharter of the Bank of the United States
  • the removal of Native Americans from eastern states
  • the use of federal funds for internal improvements
  • the cost of western lands sold by the government
  • the nullification of the "tariff of abominations"

Question 88

Question
President Jackson's response to Supreme Court decisions on the treaty rights of Native Americans resulted in which of the following?
Answer
  • Jackon's loss of popularity among working-class voters
  • Indian uprisings in the eastern states
  • the division of tribal lands into family units
  • impeachment of the president for not enforcing the law
  • the forced removal of Cherokees from their lands in Georgia

Question 89

Question
The Second Great Awakening was characterized by all of the following EXCEPT
Answer
  • efforts to counter the rationalism and disbelief of the Revolutionary Era
  • opportunity for salvation offered to all
  • efforts to appeal to people's emotions
  • growing unity among Protestant churches
  • widespread belief that the second coming of Christ was near

Question 90

Question
Which of the following is true of the American transcendentalists?
Answer
  • supported government actions and regulations as the solution to social problems
  • argued for the importance of human intuition and individualism
  • persecuted for their radical religious views
  • belonged to an experimental commune that practiced plural marriage
  • played a leading role in the Second Great Awakening

Question 91

Question
According to the cult of domesticity, a woman's proper role was
Answer
  • teaching in the growing number of free public schools
  • balancing the obligations of family and a career
  • striving toward social and economic equality with men
  • leading the movement for political and social reform
  • acting as moral leader and educator of the family

Question 92

Question
The leading spokesperson for the tax-supported public school movement was
Answer
  • Neal Dow
  • Joseph Smith
  • Charles Finney
  • Horace Mann
  • Timothy Dwight

Question 93

Question
All of the following were true of the temperance movement EXCEPT
Answer
  • It was largely restricted to the southern states.
  • German and Irish immigrants often opposed the movement.
  • By the 1850s, the movement advocated the legal prohibition of alcohol.
  • The early leaders of the movement were Protestant clergymen.
  • It was the most popular of the Jacksonian era reform movements.

Question 94

Question
Dorothea Dix was inspired to dedicate her life to a humanitarian crusade by
Answer
  • the mistreatment of women factory workers
  • conditions in the poorly funded public schools
  • discovery of the confinement of the mentally ill in local jails
  • the lack of schools for the blind and deaf
  • the increased suicide rate in Pennsylvania and New York prisons

Question 95

Question
The abolitionist movement had the effect of
Answer
  • weakening white southerners' attachment to slavery
  • converting most Americans to the abolitionist position
  • increasing the chances for compromise between North and South
  • proving moral persuasion was more effective than political action
  • bringing the issue of slavery to the forefront of the reform movement

Question 96

Question
William Lloyd Garrison and the American Antislavery Society supported
Answer
  • gradual emancipation of slaves without compensation to owners
  • immediate emancipation of slaves without compensation or emigration
  • gradual emancipation of slaves with emigration to Asia
  • immediate emancipation of slaves with compensation to owners
  • violent overthrow of slavery in the South

Question 97

Question
The Seneca Falls Convention was significant because it
Answer
  • initiated the religious revivals in the "burned-over district"
  • demanded the immediate abolition of slavery
  • issued a historic declaration of women's rights
  • addressed concerns for the education of children
  • concluded that the Auburn system was a failure

Question 98

Question
Perfectionist aspirations to create a utopian society are best reflected in
Answer
  • the Hudson River School
  • Thoreau's experiment at Walden Pond
  • American Colonization Society
  • the organizing of revivalist camp meetings
  • the founding of New Harmony, Brook Farm, and Fourier Phalanxes

Question 99

Question
Which of the following BEST reflected the idea of manifest destiny?
Answer
  • the signing of the Webster-Ashburton Treaty
  • Henry Clay's position on Texas in the election of 1844
  • the establishment of Texas as the independent republic
  • then campaign platform of James Polk in 1844
  • northern Whigs during the Mexican War

Question 100

Question
All of the following contributed to the conflict between Mexico's government and settlers in Texas in the early 1830s EXCEPT
Answer
  • the collection of import duties
  • the support for annexation by John Tyler and James Polk
  • Mexico's decision to abolish slavery in its territory
  • Mexico's law requiring acceptance of the Catholic faith
  • the coming to power of General Santa Anna

Question 101

Question
The main reason for the U.S. delay in annexing Texas was the
Answer
  • controversy over the boundary of Texas and Mexico
  • opposition of Great Britain and France
  • independent spirit of the settlers in Texas
  • opposition in Congress to adding slave states
  • opposition of the Mexican government

Question 102

Question
Which of the following was the LEAST important issue in the election of 1844?
Answer
  • settlement of the Oregon border
  • acquisition of California
  • rechartering the Bank of the United States
  • reduction of the tariff
  • annexation of Texas

Question 103

Question
Which of the following was NOT a major consequence of the U.S. war with Mexico?
Answer
  • U.S. annexation of Texas
  • long-term Mexican resentment against the United States
  • securing Texas' southern border on the Rio Grande
  • increased sectional tensions over slavery
  • cession of California and New Mexico to the United States

Question 104

Question
Which of the following is a correct statement about the Wilmot Proviso?
Answer
  • It forbade the introduction of slavery into territory acquired from Mexico.
  • It denied President Polk additional funds to conduct the war with Mexico.
  • It compromised differences between the North and the South.
  • It passed both houses of Congress but was vetoed by the president.
  • It was proposed by the Whigs to embarrass the Democrats.

Question 105

Question
Which of the following is LEAST useful in arguing that territorial expansion was motivated by a desire to spread slavery?
Answer
  • William Walker's campaign in Nicaragua
  • the Ostend Manifesto
  • the slogan "Fifty-four Forty or Fight"
  • the annexation of Texas
  • opposition to the Wilmot Proviso

Question 106

Question
During the settlement of the West, all of the following was true EXCEPT
Answer
  • the overland trails were used primarily by the very poor
  • a large percentage of the western miners were foreign-born
  • the mountain men provided much of the early information about the West
  • in the 1830s and 1840s, the U.S. government gave squatters the right to buy federal lands
  • the chief interest of most pioneering families who moved West was to engage in agriculture

Question 107

Question
Which of the following had the greatest impact on transportation in the 1850s?
Answer
  • canal building
  • improvements in the steamboat
  • the expansion of railroads
  • the development of clipper ships
  • changes in design of the overland wagon

Question 108

Question
In what way did the Panic of 1857 have an effect on sectional conflict?
Answer
  • Unemployment increased in the eastern manufacturing centers.
  • Prices for farm products fell, especially in midwestern states.
  • The South blamed the North for falling cotton prices.
  • Southerners concluded that their economic system was superior to the North's.
  • The North gained the necessary economic advantages to defeat the South when civil war broke out.

Question 109

Question
Which of the following most accurately describes Stephen Douglas' idea of popular sovereignty?
Answer
  • A section of western land would be given free to anyone who would homestead it for a certain number of years.
  • Only citizens of the United States would be permitted to settle territories acquired from Mexico.
  • Public lands in the new territories would be open on a first-come first-served basis.
  • The status of slavery in a territory would be determined by the voters in the territory.
  • New territories would be closed to both slaves and free blacks.

Question 110

Question
All of the following figured prominently in debates over the Compromise of 1850 EXCEPT the
Answer
  • provision for a new Fugitive Slave Law
  • slave trade in the District of Columbia
  • admission of California into the Union as a free state
  • future of slavery in the Mexican Cession territories
  • extension of slavery into Kansas and Nebraska territories

Question 111

Question
Which of the following was a major factor in the decline of the Whig party in the 1850s?
Answer
  • death John Calhoun
  • election of Zachary Taylor
  • Lincoln-Douglas debates
  • Know-Nothing movement
  • "bleeding Kansas"

Question 112

Question
A political effect of the fighting in Kansas in 1855 and 1856 was to
Answer
  • further divide the Democratic party
  • cause the founding of the Republican party
  • gain increased congressional support for proslavery forces in Kansas
  • unite northern and southern Democrats against Republicans
  • elect a Republican president in 1856

Question 113

Question
The Supreme Court's decision in the Dred Scott case outraged public opinion in the North chiefly because it
Answer
  • declared the Fugitive Slave Law unconstitutional
  • guaranteed citizenship to free blacks
  • removed restrictions against the spread of slavery into western territories
  • failed to abolish slavery in the South
  • challenged California's status as a free state

Question 114

Question
The Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854 increased sectional tension because it
Answer
  • enriched northern railroad investors at the expense of the South
  • reopened the issue of slavery in a territory north of 36'30'
  • supported proslavery state constitutions in Kansas and Nebraska
  • repealed the Compromise of 1850
  • persuaded the Whig party to side with the South

Question 115

Question
The Lincoln-Douglas debates resulted in all of the following EXCEPT
Answer
  • Lincoln's emergence as a national political figure
  • increased support for Douglas in the South
  • Douglas' reelection in the Senate
  • Douglas' attempt to reconcile popular sovereignty with the Dred Scott decision
  • increased public awareness of slavery as a moral issue

Question 116

Question
John Brown's primary purpose in attacking Harpers Ferry was to
Answer
  • gain contributions from northern abolitionists
  • take revenge for the death of antislavery settlers in Kansas
  • start a slave rebellion in Virginia
  • open up a new path for the underground railroad
  • destroy the federal arsenal in Virginia

Question 117

Question
In the 1860 election, what was the position of Lincoln and the Republican party on slavery?
Answer
  • Slavery was immoral and should be abolished immediately.
  • Slavery should not be allowed to expand into the territories.
  • Popular sovereignty would be allowed in the new territories north of 36'30'
  • The Dred Scott decision should be supported in the territories but not in the states.
  • The federal government should act to bring about the gradual emancipation of slaves in the South.

Question 118

Question
All of the following statements about the election of 1860 are accurate EXCEPT:
Answer
  • The Republicans won control of the presidency but not Congress.
  • No candidate received a majority of the popular vote.
  • The popular and electoral votes were divided among four candidates.
  • Lincoln won election because of the split in the Democratic party.
  • A major consequence of the election was that several southern states seceded from the Union.

Question 119

Question
Northern advantages in the Civil War included all of the following EXCEPT
Answer
  • a superior navy
  • a political party system that could marshal support for the war
  • a superior railroad network
  • general agreement over war aims
  • greater capacity to produce military equipment

Question 120

Question
All of the following were part of the initial Union strategy to win the Civil War EXCEPT
Answer
  • a naval blockade of southern ports
  • control of the Mississippi River
  • the capture of Richmond
  • keeping the border states in the Union
  • emancipation of slaves in the seceded states

Question 121

Question
The Confederate government was able to achieve which of the following goals?
Answer
  • recognition by a foreign power
  • frequent victories over Union armies
  • a stable monetary system
  • a strong central government
  • control of the southern river system

Question 122

Question
President Lincoln was reluctant to emancipate the slaves in the first year of the Civil War because
Answer
  • he feared that freeing the slaves would bring England and France into the war
  • Congress was opposed to emancipation
  • he knew that a proclamation about slavery would only further alienate the South
  • he feared that emancipation would drive the border states out of the Union
  • he had always been opposed to the abolitionists in his pary

Question 123

Question
Which of the following best describes an immediate effect of the Emancipation Proclamation?
Answer
  • Slaves in the border states became free.
  • Slaves in the Deep South became free.
  • The abolition of slavery in Confederate territory became one of the North's war goals.
  • Lincoln's reelection was assured.
  • Draft riots erupted in New York City.

Question 124

Question
Lee's major reason for invading northern territory in 1863 was to
Answer
  • win foreign recognition for the Confederacy
  • obtain military supplies
  • seek revenge for northern attacks in Virginia
  • break the Union blockade
  • destroy the North's industrial capacity

Question 125

Question
The economic impact of the Civil War included all of the following EXCEPT
Answer
  • an increasing number of women in the labor force
  • widespread destruction of property in the South
  • creation of a national banking system in the North
  • reduced rate of industrial production in the North
  • runaway inflation in the South

Question 126

Question
Which of the following accurately describes northern politics during the Civil War?
Answer
  • Democrats challenged Republicans for control of national and state offices.
  • Republicans were united behind Lincoln's leadership.
  • The suspension of habeas corpus discouraged many Democrats from voting
  • Lincoln had no trouble winning reelection in 1864.
  • Copperhead candidates campaigned for equal rights for women.

Question 127

Question
All of the following were factors in the defeat of the South in 1865 EXCEPT
Answer
  • shortages caused by the Union's naval blockade
  • slave uprisings against southern plantations
  • Grant's war of attrition in Virginia
  • Sherman's march through Georgia
  • the Confederacy's failure to obtain foreign intervention

Question 128

Question
One of the long-term political consequences of northern victory was
Answer
  • an end of threats to nullification and secession
  • dominance of the Republican party in the South
  • continuing sectional conflict over the issue of slavery
  • a balance of power in Congress between the North and the South
  • suspension on the writ of habeas corpus
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