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Materia es todo aquello que tiene localización espacial, posee una cierta cantidad de energía, y está sujeto a cambios en el tiempo y a interacciones con aparatos de medida. Enfísica y filosofía, materia es el término para referirse a los constituyentes de la realidad material objetiva, entendiendo por objetiva que pueda ser percibida de la misma forma por diversos sujetos. Se considera que es lo que forma la parte sensible de los objetos perceptibles o detectables por medios físicos. Es decir es todo aquello que ocupa un sitio en el espacio, se puede tocar, se puede sentir, se puede medir, etc.
La materia
SCIENCE YEAR 5 TERM 1 - CONTENTS 1. LIVING THINGS http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k3b2VCNzhZo Living means having life. All living things have life. Human beings, animals and all plants. Even microorganisms like bacteria and fungi are living things 1.1. Basic Life Processes Living things have certain life processes in common. There are seven things that they need to do to count as being alive. Life Process What it means Movement Going from one place to another. Animals usually move their whole body from one place to another. Leaves turn towards the light. Roots grow down into the soil. Reproduction Producing new plants or animals. Animals have babies. New plants grow from seeds. Sensitivity How things react and respond to what is happening around them eg plants turning and moving towards the light or your mouth watering when you smell something good to eat. Nutrition Taking in food. Food is needed to supply energy Green plants can make their own food using sunlight, carbon dioxide and water. Animals eat plants or other animals. Excretion Getting rid of waste substances. eg Plants and animals excrete (get rid of) carbon dioxide. Respiration Making energy to keep you active. Plants and animals use oxygen from the air to help turn food into energy. We need energy for our muscles. Growth Cells multiplying and growing Seedlings grow into bigger plants. babies grow into adults Nutrition, Sensitivity and Reproduction are the three basic life processes. 1.2. Cells http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MD5kvqO96Os § Cells are the smallest living units in a living thing. § Living things which are made up of a single cell are unicellular. § Living things which are made up of many cells are multicellular. § In a multicellular organism there are many different types of cells, with different structures. 1.3. Parts of a Cell http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-zafJKbMPA8 Living things are made from cells. All cells contain some common parts, such as the nucleus, cytoplasm and cell membrane. § NUCLEUS: the nucleus is the part which controls the cell. § CYTOPLASM: it is between the nucleus and the membrane. § MEMBRANE: it is the covering around the cell Animal cells usually have an irregular shape, and plant cells usually have a regular shape. Cells are made up of different parts. Animal cells and plant cells both contain: cell membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus Plant cells also contain these parts, not found in animal cells: § chloroplasts, vacuole, and they also have a hard wall around the membrane. This is why some plant stems are hard . 1.4. The Organisation of Living Things Living Things Have Different Levels of Organization: Tissue - a group of cells that perform a common function. Organ - a group of tissues that perform a common function. Organ system - a group of organs that perform a common function. Organism - any complete living thing. 1.5. Kingdoms Living things are classified into groups called kingdoms. The main ones are the animal kingdom, the plant kingdom and the fungi kingdom. o THE ANIMAL KINGDOM http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DXPhJUHooP8 - Animals are multicellular. - They eat other living things. - They can move from place to place. - They have a nervous system and sense organs. - They react to stimuli. o THE PLANT KINGDOM - They are multicellular. - They use sunlight and substances from the soil and air to make their food. - They cannot move from place to place - They do not have a nervous system or sense organs. - They react slowly to some stimuli. o THE FUNGI KINGDOM http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ROekTVXeb4k - Most of fungi are multicellular. - They depend on other organism for food. - They cannot move from place to place.
La materia
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