Karteikarten
Computer Science Mock Exam - Component 1
Karten in diesem Stapel (18)
- 1what is software?Software is a general term for all programs that control and make use of the hardware
- 2What is hardware?Hardware is the physical parts of the computer.
- 3What is machine code?Also known as object-code, this is a low level code that represents how the hardware and CPU use instructions, it is represented by binary numbers (0, 1)
- 4What are the types of software?- Firmware
- Operating System (OS)
-Software Applications - 5What is Firmware?Firmware is a program embedded onto a hardware device. All hardware components have in a computer have firmware. It is usually coded into the hardware whilst it is being made. A good example could be the BIOS program within the ROM, used for running the computer whilst OS starts up.
- 6What is an Operating System?An Operating System (OS) is a platform that gives the user an interface to the hardware. The OS uses device drivers to communicate with the firmware. The OS provides a user-friendly interface and performs basic tasks such as controlling and finding memory, networking, controlling the execution of software applications and managing files
- 7What are Software Applications?Also known as 'apps'. They are a non-essential for the basic function of the computer.
- 8What is an example of Firmware.An example of Firmware is a Basic Input Output System (BIOS), in charge of running the computer whilst the OS is starting up.+
- 9What is the CPU?The Central Processing Unit (CPU) is the 'brain' of the computer. It processes all of the data and instructions, that make the systems work.
- 10What are the parts of the CPU?- The Control Unit (CU)
- The Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU)
- The Cache
- The Program Counter (PC)
- Memory
- Memory Data Register (MDR)
- Memory Data Register (MAR) - 11What is the Control Unit (CU)?The Control Unit is in overall control of the CPU. Its main job is to execute the program instruction by following the fetch-decode-execute. It controls the flow of data inside and outside the CPU
- 12What is the Arithmetic Logic Unit?This does all of the calculations. It can complete simple addition and subtraction, they can compare the size of numbers and can do multiplications and divisions using repeated addition and subtraction. They can preform logic operations such as AND, OR and NOT, and binary shifts. It contains the accumulator registers.
- 13What is the Cache?The cache is the fast memory in the CPU. It's slower than the registers, but faster than RAM. It stores regularly used data so that the CPU can access it faster the next time it is needed.It has a very low capacity and is very expensive compared to RAM, it is secondary storage. It is deleted after the computer has been turned off.
- 14What is the Program Counter (PC)?This holds the memory address
off the instruction for each cycle. - 15What is an Accumulator?The accumulator stores intermediate results of calculations in the ALU
- 16What is the Fetch-Decode-Execute Cycle?Fetch Instruction
- Copy memory address from the PC to the MAR, this is then copied and stored in the MDR
Decode Instructions
- The instructions in the MDR are decoded in the CU, this may then prepare for the next step
Execute Instruction
- This instruction is preformed - 17What does volatile memory and non-volatile memory is? Give examples.- Volatile memory is temporary and requires power to retain its data. An example of this could be RAM
-Non-volatile memory is permanent memory and keeps it contents even when there is no power. An example of this could be ROM - 18What is RAM?RAM is limited, volatile memory.
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- Beschreibung
- Karteikarten am Computer Science Mock Exam - Component 1, erstellt von Sophia-May Tennison am 22/06/2018.
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- Sophia-May Tennison · Jun 2018
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- 25 Jun 2018
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