Karteikarten
ten
Karten in diesem Stapel (31)
- 1define conflicta perceived incompatibility of goals between two or more parties
- 2define aggressionbehaviour intended to harm someone else
- 3what is aggression used as a strategy forto promote and maintain status and resources (so has roots in conflict) and has origins in survival of the fittest
- 4two types of interpersonal aggression?instrumental aggression
hostile aggression - 5explain instrumental aggressionaggression serving mastery needs- to control other people or to obtain valuable resources
- 6explain hostile aggressionaggression serving self or group esteem needs, driven by anger or other negative feelings
- 7what 4 things are involved in instrumental aggression and how likely it is to happen- reward and punishments
- personal abilities
- gender differences
- less resources (poverty is the most influential predictor) - 8what is involved in instrumental aggression and how likely it is to happennegative feelings (frustration, the blocking of an important goal) e.g. children and toy study, frustration. more difficulty played with toys more aggressively
- 9what are 4 ways in which aggression can become norms- culture of honour
- models and media
- norms restraining aggression
- institutionalised as formal rules - 10explain culture of honour as a norm for aggressione.g. south hemi have more culture of honour and with responding in kind. when rude man said smth rude the southern were more inclined to stand close to the man for intimidation idk
- 11explain models and media as a norm for aggressionviolence often glorified and rarely punished. shown viewing violent stuff correlates w more aggression but correlation not causation. in big experiment longitudinal research showed more aggression viewing in young years, more criminal things older
- 12explain norms restraining aggression as a norm for aggressionnorms being more effective on in-group members e.g. pick on someone your own size , fairness
- 13explain institutionalised as formal rules as a norm for aggressione.g. battery is illegal except for self-defence
- 14what is the most successful view on aggression being learntsocial learning theory
- 15explain social learning theorybehaviour learned through observation of others and through direct experience of reward and punishment. reciprocal determinism. observational learning (self-efficancy and expectations and value on behaviour)
- 16define self-efficacyconfidence in our ability to perform a behaviour
- 17explain gender differences in aggressionmen are more aggressive than women in almost every culture. men may be more physically aggressive but women are indirectly aggressive bc both are more acceptable for them. removing social norms mean that women exhibit more physical aggression but not as much as men
- 18what situations promote aggressionthose that favour superficial thinking
- 19what two things can lead to more aggressive behaviour- emotional arousal can reduce capacity (more likely to do something if aroused) (minimising cues for aggression e.g. states w gun control)
- time pressure (limits ability to control) - 20what can you use to promote non-aggressive normsconflict resolution programs
- 21where does conflict especially occurbetween groups with different goals
- 22what was phase one of sherif's robber's cave demonstrationINGROUP FORMATION
boys in camp assigned to eagles or rattlers, each had own cabin far away for less contact, put in situations to increase cohesiveness e.g. cooking swimming - 23what was phase two of sherif's robber's cave demonstrationINTERGROUP COMPETITION
compet activities between groups for prizes, games aroused feeligs of conflict and tension. camp party also andeach told a diff time. eagles first. two foods. appetising and squashed, squashed left for rattlers. - 24what did they find in sherif's robber's cave demonstrationinvestigators tried to reduce hostility w no compet games and non conflict. contact alone didnt eliminate hostility and worse even when just watching a movie. SOOO simple contact between groups may not be enough to reduce conflict and hostility
- 25what are the five conditions for optimal and successful intergroup contact made after the demonstration thing1. valued common goal
2. equal status (disconfirmation of negative and wrong stereotypes)
3. repeated personal interaction (one on one time too)
4. social norm of equality (authority should reinforce acceptable and tolerance)
5. successful results - 26what is the word for when identity is sharedidentity salience
- 27when using the 5 conditions for good contact, what happens after when contact works???5 conditions plus liking the individual and then shared identity, cause identity salience. therefore positive outgroup attitudes
- 28what are two problems with implementing the 5 conditions- difficult to change status of existing groups
- difficult to change social norms on a large scale - 29what are two ways to resolve conflict through negotiation- building trust
- trust and norm of reciprocity - 30explain building trust as a way of resolving conflict through negotiationgood neg causes liking and trust. narrow and specific issues limit potential for misperceiving the others position
- 31explain trust and norm reciprocity as a way of resolving conflict through negotiationGRIT (graduated and reciprocal initiatives in tension reduction). 1 states intention to reduce conflict and invite 2, does smth to pressure 2 to reciprocate, then if both do it is kind and can retaliate if advantage taken. need reciprocity, sense of control, social control
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- Beschreibung
- PSYCHOLOGY YEAR 2 (1 social ) Karteikarten am ten, erstellt von Ki Rai am 21/05/2019.
- Erstellt von
- Ki Rai · Mai 2019
- Aktualisiert
- 21 Mai 2019
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