Karteikarten
Cognitive Psychology: Memory - Multi Store Model
Karten in diesem Stapel (24)
- 1EncodingThe form information is stored in. E.g. image, smell, taste, sound etc
- 2StorageThe holding of information in the brain.
- 3CapacityHow much information can be stored
- 4DurationHow long it can be stored for
- 5RetrievalThe digging out of information from out storage.
- 6RecognitionLooking at something and knowing you know it.
- 7RecallHarder to retrieve the information as you have no clues.
- 8Sensory memory capacity?9 items. Needs attention if to pass in to the Short Term Memory
- 9Short term memory capacity7±2 chunks
- 10Short term memory durationA minute and a half. Requires simple repetition known as Maintenance Rehearsal.
- 11Short term memory encodingAcoustically, images and meaning.
- 12Long term memory capacityPotentially unlimited
- 13Long term memory durationPotentially unlimited
- 14Long term memory encodingMainly in terms of semantics or meaning of information and images and sounds
- 15Serial Position Effect- Murdock (1968)Provided evidence for existence of 2 separate stores. Recall more from beginning and end of list
- 16Case study- Henry MHippocampus and Amygdala were removed. STM was normal but could no longer transfer info to the LTM anymore. Supports the idea of separate stores in memory.
- 17Case study- KF (1970)Received brain damage after a motorbike accident. His STM for verbal information was poor but his visual STM normal. Suggests the STM is not a single store.
- 18Spiers (2001)Looked at 147 cases of LTM problems. Although struggle to remember knowledge about the world but able to recall skills such as riding a bike. Suggests LTM is not a single store.
- 19Flash bulb memoriesvery vivid memories of dramatic emotional events in our lives that stick in out LTM without much rehearsal at all
- 20Sensory Store- Sperling (1960)Capacity of sensory memory about 9 items. Duration equivalent to blink of an eye.
- 21STM- Miller (1956)Capacity. Suggested a capacity of 7±2 bits- 'Millers magic number'. Suggested idea of 'chunking'.
- 22STM- Peterson & Peterson (1959)Looked at duration of the STM when rehearsal was prevented. Recall was 90% after 3 secs but only 2% after 18 secs. Suggests that duration of STM is about 20 secs.
- 23STM & LTM- Baddeley (1966)Investigated encoding of both STM and LTM. STM- recall poorer when words sound similar- suggest stored acoustically/ LTM- recall poorer when words meant similar things- suggests words stored semantically.
- 24LTM- Bahrick (1975)Looked at duration of LTM. 400 US participants to put names to faces. People were 70% accurate 48 yrs on. Recall 30% without photos. LTM lasts long time but recognition better than free recall.
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- Karteikarten am Cognitive Psychology: Memory - Multi Store Model, erstellt von Lucy Robbins am 06/01/2015.
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- Lucy Robbins
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