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new computer studies flashcards
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- 1What is meant by the term 'clock speed'?How many fetch decode execute cycles can be performed in one second. The more clock speed there is, the greater performance.
- 2What is the purpose of the CPU?The CPU carries out all the processing of the computer system by executing the instructions given to it. It is responsible for controlling other hardware devices within a computer system.
- 3What is the CPU made from?The CPU is made up from the main memory, the processor and the cache memory.
- 4What is the CPU's role in the Fetch-Execute Cycle?The key role of the CPU is to process data by carrying out instructions.
- 5What is the role of the Control Unit within the CPU.The Control Unit decodes instructions and controls the execution of instructions in the correct sequence. It regulates and controls processor timing using regular clock pulses from system clock. It also sends and receives control signals to and from other devices in a computer.
- 6What is the role of the Arithmetic and Logic Unit within the CPU?It completes simple addition, subtraction, division and multiplication and then compares the size of numbers. Performs logic operations such as AND, OR and NOT. It contains the accumulator register.
- 7What is an embedded system?An embedded system is built into larger devices. It's usually dedicated to a single task or small range of
specific tasks.Examples are ; dishwashers, Washing machines, microwaves. - 8What is primary memory?Primary memory is internal and can be accessed by the CPU. The two main types are ROM (Read Only Memory) and RAM (Random Access Memory)
- 9What does Volatile mean?Volatile means that data is lost when there's no power.
- 10What does Non-Volatile mean?Non-volatile means that data is not lost even when the power is switched off.
- 11What is stored in the RAM (Random Access Memory)It's used to store programs which are currently in use and also the part of the operating system being used. It also allows for instructions to be retrieved quickly by the CPU.
- 12What happens to its contents when you turn the power off?When the power is off, the data that was stored on it will be lost because it is volatile.
- 13Can you read from and write data to it?It can be read from and is writable as its contents are constantly changing as programs are opened and closed.
- 14What is the typical capacity?several gigabytes.
- 15What is stored in ROM (Read Only Memory)?It stores the Bootstrap loader / BIOS which
contains the instruction to start the computer and
load the operating system. - 16What happens to the contents of the ROM when the power is turned off?The ROM's data inside will stay as it's non-volatile.
- 17From the ROM, Can you read from and write data to it?You can only read from it as its contents cannot be changed; hence the name.
- 18What is the typical capacity?several megabytes.
- 19What is virtual memory?Virtual memory is part of the hard drive
used as an extension to RAM.
The computer will ‘swap out’ some of the
data and instructions stored in RAM to
the hard drive.
Usually the least recently used stored
data is swapped out.
If data is swapped out is needed again, it
is swapped back into the RAM. - 20What is the purpose of RAM (Random Access Memory)?The purpose of the RAM is to store currently running programs and data currently in use part of the operating system being used. It allows instructions to be retrieved.
- 21What is the purpose of ROM (Read Only Memory)?The purpose of ROM is to store the Bootstrap loader / BIOS, which contains the instruction to start the computer and load the operating system.
- 22What is primary memory?Primary memory is computer memory that is accessed directly by the CPU. This includes several types of memory, such as the processor cache and system ROM. However, in most cases, primary memory refers to system RAM
- 23What is the purpose of secondary storage?Secondary storage retains data long-term when computers are turned off or restarted
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- Karteikarten am new computer studies flashcards, erstellt von Ayesha Ali am 26/02/2020.
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- Ayesha Ali
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