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Forensic studies

Isobel Dawson Forensic Psychology Englisch 36 Karten

Karten in diesem Stapel (36)

  1. 1Crowe 1974THEORETICAL APPROACHES
    Biological - Genetic
    50% if biological mum was a criminal, only 5% if she wasn't
  2. 2Kendler et al., 2014THEORETICAL APPROACHES
    Biological - Genetic
    Heritability accounts for 30-50% of variance in offending
  3. 3Pillmann et al., 1999THEORETICAL APPROACHES
    Biological - Neuropsychology
    Abnormal brain EEG for violent offenders
  4. 4Fazel et al., 2011THEORETICAL APPROACHES
    Biological - Neuropsychology
    Brain injury almost double violent crimes
  5. 5Huesmann et al., 2003THEORETICAL APPROACHES
    Social psychology - Media
    More TV meant more likely
    to be aggressive in adulthood
  6. 6Bartels et al., 2009THEORETICAL APPROACHES
    Individual differences
    When IQ declines the prevalence of violent crimes increases
  7. 7Cullen et al., 1997THEORETICAL APPROACHES
    Individual differences
    Weak correlation between IQ and criminality
  8. 8Oleson & Chappell, 2012THEORETICAL APPROACHES
    Individual differences
    More high IQ in violent offenders than control group
  9. 9MacDonald 1963THEORETICAL APPROACHES
    Killers
    Triad for serial killers
  10. 10Walklate, 2012THEORETICAL APPROACHES
    Victims
    Victim characteristics: class, gender, age, ethnicity
  11. 11Brewing & Holmes, 2003THEORETICAL APPROACHES
    PTSD
    Explain PTSD by conditioning
  12. 12Pennebaker & Chung, 2007THEORETICAL APPROACHES
    PTSD
    Treat PTSD with structured trauma writing
  13. 13Ekman & O'Sullivan 1991DETECTING DECEPTION
    Videos with lying --> only secret service better than chance (64%)
  14. 14Bond & DePauloDETECTING DECEPTION
    Meta-analysis showing that overall people are about 54% accurate at detecing lies
  15. 15Global Deception Research Team 2006DETECTING DECEPTION
    75/63 countries: what people use to signpost lying
  16. 16DePaulo et al., 2003DETECTING DECEPTION
    Meta-analysis found no consistent reliable indicators of deception
  17. 17John E. Reid 1947DETECTING DECEPTION
    Control question test - polygraph
  18. 18David Lykken 1959DETECTING DECEPTION
    Concealed information test - polygraph
  19. 19Spence et al., 2001DETECTING DECEPTION
    Neuroimaging study that found PFC activation for lying related to response inhibition
  20. 20Meijer et al., 2016DETECTING DECEPTION
    Issues with detecting deception in neuroimaging studies
  21. 21DePaulo et al., 2003DETECTING DECEPTION
    Meta-analysis
    Most non-verbal cues not related to deception
  22. 22Vrij 2019, Vrij et al. 2019DETECTING DECEPTION
    Weak and unreliable
    non-verbal cues + everyone
    tries to suppress nervousness
    A) Interview techniques
  23. 23Mann et al., 2012DETECTING DECEPTION
    Interview in airport
    Deliberate eye contact to A)
    convince and B) monitor reactions.
    Reliable indicator d=.49
  24. 24Mann et al., 2013DETECTING DECEPTION
    Mock crime
    Deliberate eye contact. d=.74
  25. 25Porter & Ten Brinke 2008DETECTING DECEPTION
    Microexpressions ccurred only in 2% of clips and in both conditions
  26. 26Hartwig et al., 2007DETECTING DECEPTION
    Briefcase in shop crime
    Liars use different verbal strategies
    Half of interviewees SUE and half not:
    SUE=85.4% detection accuracy vs 56.1%
  27. 27Van Koppen & Lochun 1997EYEWITNESS TESTIMONY
    Descriptors in testimony
    95% determined sex with 100% accuracy; 70% reported height witgh 52% accuracy; then age, build type, hair colour
  28. 28Chabris et al., 2011EYEWITNESS TESTIMONY
    Encoding: chasing a jogger and passing a fight, night 35%, day 65%, high load 42%, low load 72%
  29. 29Fawcett et al., 2016EYEWITNESS TESTIMONY
    Encoding: weapon focus, mediated by expectation, context and familiarity
  30. 30Morgan et al., 2004EYEWITNESS TESTIMONY
    Encoding and trauma: emulating interrogation as prisoner of war; 30% high stress line up, 62% low stress line up; 34% high stress photo, 76% low stress photo
  31. 31Loftus 2005EYEWITNESS TESTIMONY
    Retention: misinformation effect (more for long delay, children and elderly)
  32. 32Eisen et al., 2017EYEWITNESS TESTIMONY
    Retention: memory conformity (plausibility, retention period, unique feature, co-witness characteristics)
  33. 33Wetmore et al., 2015EYEWITNESS TESTIMONY
    Retrieval: immediate and delayed line up better than immediate show up (line up over show up and minimise retention period)
  34. 34Manley et al., 2018EYEWITNESS TESTIMONY
    Retrieval: Where partial or masked face was encoded, identification was more accurate when lineup mirrored encoding conditions
  35. 35Kaasa et al., 2013EYEWITNESS TESTIMONY
    Retrieval: suggestibility; 17% suggestibility, 39% false accusation; 27% complaint after denying wrongdoing
  36. 36Loney & Cutler 2016EYEWITNESS TESTIMONY
    Retrieval: cognitive interview (increased recall) over Reid technique (increased false testimony)

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Beschreibung
Forensic Psychology Karteikarten am Forensic studies, erstellt von Isobel Dawson am 31/03/2020.
Erstellt von
Isobel Dawson
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