Karteikarten
IB Physics - Waves
Karten in diesem Stapel (30)
- 1The spring equation/Hooke's lawF=-kx
ma=-kx
a=(-k/m)x
a∝ -x - 2Simple harmonic motion (SHM)Repetitive movement back and forth through an equilibrium
- 3Characteristics of SHM- Acceleration is proportional to displacement a∝x
- Acceleration is in opposite direction to the displacement a∝-x - 4OscillationsVibrations which repeat themselves (driven externally or internally)
- 5The equation for speed of a wavev=λ/T = 1/T*λ
v= speed (ms^-1)
T= Period (s)
λ= wavelenght (m) - 6The wave equationv=fλ
v=speed (ms^-1)
f=frequency (Hz)
λ=wavelength (m) - 7Characteristics of longitudinal waves- Direction of travel is parallel to direction of oscillation
- Need a medium in which to travel - 8Characteristics of transverse waves- Direction of travel is perpendicular (90°) to oscillation
- 9The two main types of wavesLongitudinal and transverse
- 10What is a wave?A disturbance that travels through a medium from one location to another
- 11Features of waves- Oscillation
- Direction of travel (Energy transfer) - 12Index of refractionn=c/v
n=index of refraction
v=velocity of light in the medium (ms^-1)
c=3*10^8 ms^-1 (The speed of light) - 13Snell's law for refracted wavesv2/v1=sinθ2/sinθ1
- 14RefractionThe bending of a wave when it enters a medium where its speed is different
- 15Rays- Parallel to wave velocity
- Perpendicular to the wavefronts
- 16Wavefronts- Located at the crests of the waves
- Don't have to be straight
- Perpendicular to the wave velocity
- Can be bent by obstacles in the environment or by the properties of the medium
- 17Reflections
- 18The electromagnetic spectrum- In free space (vacuum), all electromagnetic waves travel with the same speed v=3.00*10^8ms^1
- 19Amplitude, period and wavelength
- 20Potential and kinetic energy of a spring
- 21Brewster's lawIf θrefl + θrefr = 90° then the reflected ray will be completerly plane-polarized
- 22Optically active substancesThe plane of polarized lgiht rotates as it passes through the substance
E.g. sugar solution, quartz - 23Huygens principleEvery point on a wavefront emits a spherical wavelet of the same velocity and wavelenght as the original wave
- 24Diffraction
- 25Constructive and destructive interference
- 26Path difference of constructive inerferencePath difference=nλ
n is an integer - 27Path difference of destructive interferencePath difference=(n+1/2)λ
n is an integer - 28Polarized lightLight where the electric field is only oscillating in one direction
- 29PolarizerA material that lets light through in only one orientation. Any other light coming through gets blocked or absorbed.
A polarizer can be rotated to block anything but the certain angle the polarizer is defined as letting light through. - 30Circular polarizationAchieved by slowing one component of the field, so the light is given a twist. There is right-circular and left-circular polarisation.
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- Beschreibung
- Karteikarten am IB Physics - Waves, erstellt von Mintst am 29/03/2015.
- Erstellt von
- Mintst
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- 3
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