Karteikarten
CHEM Chap 1
Karten in diesem Stapel (55)
- 1AtomsBuilding Blocks of Matter
- 2MatterAnything that has mass and takes up space
- 3MoleculeA group of atoms bonded together
- 4HypothesisTentative interpretation of explanations of the observations
- 5FactAn observation that cannot be disproved
- 6LawA general hypothesis or statement about the relationship of natural quantities that has been tested over and over again and has NOT been contradicted. Also known as a principle
- 7Three Phases of matter from most ordered to leastSolid, Liquid, gas
- 8crystalline structureAtoms must be arranged in an organised, repetitive manner.
- 9Amorphous structureSomewhat ordered, random pattern
- 10LiquidWhat state of matter is fluid, Has fixed volume but NO fixed shape. The shape is defined by the container.
- 11GasWhat state of matters Volume and shape are defined by the container. Expand to fill the container
- 12Pure substanceA substance is made of only one kind of matter and having definite properties.
- 13CompoundA substance made up of atoms of two or more different elements joined by chemical bonds
- 14ElementA substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances
- 15MixtureA combination of two or more substances that are not chemically combined
- 16Heterogeneous mixtureA mixture that is not uniform, in which different samples may have different compositions
- 17Homogeneous mixtureA mixture in which substances are evenly distributed throughout the mixture
- 18Physical changeA change in a substance that does not involve a change in the identity of the substance ex boiling
- 19Chemical changea change that produces matter with a different composition than the original matter ex. burning
- 20Molecular formulaA chemical formula that shows the number and kinds of atoms in a molecule, but not the arrangement of the atoms.
- 21EnergyAbility to do work or cause change
- 22First law of thermodynamicsEnergy can be transferred and transformed, but it cannot be created or destroyed
- 23Kinetic energy formulaKE=1/2mv^2
- 24Potential energy formulaPE=mgh
- 25Mega-1,000,000
M
BaseX10^6 - 26Kilo-1000
K
baseX10^3 - 27Deci-0.1
d
baseX10^-1 - 28centi-0.01
c
baseX10^-2 - 29mili0.001
m
BaseX10^-3 - 30MicroBaseX10^-6
0.000001
mc - 31nanon
10^-9
0.000000001 - 32picop
10^-12
0.000000000001 - 33Kelvin water freezes273K
- 34Kelvin water boils373 K
- 35Kelvin absolute zero0 K
- 36Celsuis water freezes0 C
- 37Celsius water boils100 C
- 38Celsius absolute zero-273 C
- 39Fahrenheit to celsiusF= 1.8(C)+32
- 40Fehreheit water freezes32F
- 41Fahrenheit water boils212F
- 42Fahrenheit absolute zero-459F
- 43Key conversion1ml=1cm^3
- 44Convert celsius to kelvinK= C+273
- 45intensive physical propertydoes not depend on the amount of substance
- 46extensive propertiesDepend on the amount of matter that is present
- 47Temperature affects the densitiesliquid and gas
- 48Significant figuresAll the digits that can be known precisely in a measurement, plus a last estimated digit
- 49Rules of Significant figures1. Non-zero digits are always significant.
2. Any zeros between two significant digits are significant.
3. A final zero or trailing zeros in the decimal portion ONLY are significant. - 50How many significant figures are in 320404 SF
- 51How many significant figures are in 50.03 sf
- 523010 in scientific notation is3.01 x 10^3
- 530.0310 in scientific notation3.10 x 10^-2
- 54Significant figures multiplication and divisionThe least-precise measured (fewer SFs) value determines the # of significant figures within the reported answers.
- 55Significant figure addition and subtractionThe value with the smallest decimal measurement determines the answer's significant figures
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- AP Chem 1300 Karteikarten am CHEM Chap 1, erstellt von MacKenzie Soli am 27/08/2022.
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