GoConqr hat ein neues Design! Sag uns, wie es dir gefällt.

Kostenlos registrieren

Karteikarten

Ohne Titel

Andrea Bak Englisch 46 Karten

Karten in diesem Stapel (46)

  1. 1(1329-1384) he questioned the workly wealth of the church, the miracle if transubstantiation, the teachings of penance; the sale of IndulgenceJohn Wycliffe
  2. 2(In Bohemia) led a religious revolt against the church. As a university leader, he openly questioned the infallibility of the church and the immortality of the clergy.Jan huss
  3. 3Was on the rise: the idea of a direct relationship between the individual and god reducing the importance of the church.Pietism
  4. 4Known for growing a measure of disrespect towards the clergyAnticlericalism
  5. 5Calvinism spread rapidly in the mid-16th century, becoming established in Scotland and a minority religion in France, the french Calvinists were called the ___________Huguenots
  6. 6helped create a much stricter order of Carmelite monks/Nuns, the Discalced CarmelitesSt. Teresa of Avila
  7. 7The new order of nuns was founded in 1572, their convents were devoted to educating young womenThe Ursulines
  8. 8Baroque Artists-encouraged by the Counter-Reformation
    -developed to counter the simplicity of protestant styles, emphasizing contrast, movement, detail, deep colors, and grandeur to achieve a sense of awe
  9. 9helped create a much stricter order of Carmelite monks/Nuns, the Discalced CarmelitesSt. Teresa of Avila
  10. 10an artist that mixed mannerist, renaissance, and byzantine elementsEl Greco
  11. 11A female artist known for her natural depictions of the female figure.Artemisia Gentileschi
  12. 12an architect and most famous of the Baroque sculptorsGian Bernini
  13. 13an influential dutch artist that produced a huge number of paintingsPeter Paul Rubens
  14. 1416th-century change in EuropeRenaissance humanism, especially in the north.
    led people to question religious practices such as the power of relics or the value of living as a monk/nun of living life
  15. 15Killed ⅓ of the population. Making people question the church.The Black Death
  16. 16The diet of wormsIn 1521 Luther appeared before the Diet of Worms, A meeting of German Nobility, the Holy Roman Emperor, Charles V, Asked him to recant: Luther refused. He was banned in the Empire but was safely hidden in Wartburg Castle by the elector of Saxony, While at the castle he translated the bible into German.
  17. 17Mostly attacks on the sale of indulgences. Spread all over Germany95 Theses
  18. 18Released the buyer from penanceIndulgences
  19. 19Punishment for sinPenance
  20. 20(1483-1546) was a Catholic monk who was troubled by the sale of the indulgencesMartin Luther
  21. 21(1509-1564) settled in Geneva, Switzerland, and developed his own faith. His main ideas are found in his Institutes of the Christian Religion, and he turned Geneva into a new Jerusalem.John Calvin
  22. 22King Henry VIIIThe king of England had been supportive of the catholic church. He criticized Martin Luther in the pamphlet, The Defense of the Seven Sacraments. Henry wanted to end his marriage to his Spanish wife, Catherine of Aragon since he wanted a male heir to the throne and viewed his wife's failure to produce sons as a sign of God's displeasure with his marriage. Divorce was illegal in the church so he sought an annulment to declare the marriage invalid
  23. 23Henry’s problem with the churchThe pope refused to grant an annulment: Catherine was the aunt of the powerful Charles V, an important Catholic ally. Because of his problems with the church, he had fallen in love with a woman at court, Anne Boleyn, which she became pregnant and he secretly married her while still married to Catherine
  24. 24Charles Vwhile he was Holy Roman Emperor he struggled with Ruling a vast, multinational empire, and extended wars with France and the powerful Ottoman Empire. He was unable to contain the religious revolt happening in his territory. In the 1540s, the Schmalkaldic War between Charles and some of the Protestant princes went poorly for him
  25. 25Peace of Augsburg-In 1555, Charles was forced to sign the Peace of Augsburg which granted legal recognition of Lutheranism in territories ruled by a Lutheran prince. Catholic princes were ensured their territory could remain Catholic
  26. 26Where Protestantism Spread-it spread through much of northern Germany, Scandinavia England, Scotland, The Netherlands, France, and Switzerland.
  27. 27The daughter of Anne Boleyn ruled England after her other siblings for a long period, her reign was long and successful, including a religious settlement leaving the church of England to follow a protestant courseQueen Elizabeth I
  28. 28Selling Chuch positions to highest bidersimony
  29. 29Beliefs contrary to religious doctrineheresy
  30. 30(1491-1556) He created the Society of Jesus (Jesuits) He laid out his thoughts in his spiritual exercises, in particular his focus on total obedience to the Church.Ignatius of Loyola
  31. 31the Society of Jesus (Jesuits-The Jesuits earned a reputation for complete loyalty to the pope.
    -distinguished themselves as a teaching order, and worked as Catholic missionaries in places where Lutheranism had spread.
    -They were successful in reconverting large portions of Poland to the Catholic faith.
  32. 32A form of temporary hellPurgatory
  33. 33The concept that God has predetermined everyone’s fate.predestination
  34. 34Catherine of Aragon-King Henry VIII's first wife
    -she was from Spain
    -she only had a daughter and not a son which caused henry to want a divorce which was illegal, so he searched for an annulment. After being denied her married his second wife while still being married to Catherine, which polygamy was illegal so he broke away from the church to get an annulment
  35. 35In 1533, Henry pushed Parliament to enact this appeal which declared that all spiritual cases in England were within the King’s jurisdiction, not the pope'sAct in Restraint of Appeals.
  36. 36Henry fell in love with this woman while still being married to Catherine of Aragon. she became pregnant, and they got married in secretAnne Boleyn
  37. 37The (only) son of Henry VIII and Jane SeymourEdward VI
  38. 38Council of TrentThe centerpiece of the Catholic Reformation was the Council of Trent (1545-1563). The council took steps to address issues that had sparked the Reformation
    They refused to concede any point of theology to the protestants:
    They strongly endorsed all traditional teachings:
    The sacraments.
    The role of priests.
    Salvation through faith and a life of good works.
    The source of faith is the Bible and Church traditions.
    They were critical of the religious failings of the mannerist style of art and urged a more intensely religious art to be created.
    This helped lead to the development of the early baroque style of art.
  39. 39(1525) While Luther was a social conservative and didn’t want social order to change, some believed otherwise. Peasants revolted because of worsening economic conditions and because they believed Luther had Called for Social equalityGerman Peasant’s Revolt
  40. 40Challenges of the Church before the reformation-The Black Death struck Europe, ultimately killing 1/3rd of the population and pushing people to question the power of the Church
    Anticlericalism was growing: a measure of disrespect toward the clergy.
    Pietism was on the rise: the idea of a direct relationship between the individual and God, reducing the importance of the Church
    The Catholic clergy had serious issues as well:
    Lower priests were poorly educated.
    These peasant priests knew little Latin and were unable to offer a response to serious questions about the Church.
    The Church also practiced simony: selling Church positions to the highest bidder.
    Some clergy held multiple positions, making it difficult to minister to the people.
  41. 41Anabaptists- they began to deny the idea of infant baptism.
    They believed that baptism only works for adults who are aware of the decision they are making.
    Their practice of rebaptism was declared a capital offense in the Holy Roman Empire.
    The pope and Luther agreed on this.
    -Anabaptists took over the city of Munster in 1534 and created an Old Testament theocracy.
  42. 42a tribunal that fought heresy in Catholic lands, using torture to force confessions out of individuals.The Inquisition
  43. 43In the 1540s, the Schmalkaldic War between Charles and some of the Protestant princes went poorly for him.the Schmalkaldic War
  44. 44The Index of Prohibited Books.The Church released an Index of Prohibited Books.
    They banned many “heretical” works, including texts from authors such as Erasmus and Galileo Index of Prohibited Books.
  45. 45Act of SupremacyThe English Reformation ended in 1534 with the Act of Supremacy, which declared the King of England as the Supreme Head of the Church of England.
  46. 46Luther's revolutionary ideas.Luther formed a new church, based on his revolutionary ideas.
    He reduced the Catholic’s seven sacraments to two: communion and baptism.
    He rejected transubstantiation.
    He ended monasticism and did away with the idea of celibacy for clergy

Informationen

Beschreibung
Karteikarten am Ohne Titel, erstellt von Andrea Bak am 29/09/2022.
Erstellt von
Andrea Bak
Aufrufe
4
Bewertung

Feedback

Worum geht es?

Wie gefällt dir das neue Design?

Dein Eindruck