Karteikarten
PE Studies
Karten in diesem Stapel (105)
- 1What does sport stand for in Principles of Training?Specificity
Progression
Overload
Reversibility
Tedium - 2What is Specificity?Training that matches a particular sport and must involve the same muscle groups of the sport you are training for.
- 3What is Progression?When training is increased gradually which gives the body time to adjust.
- 4What is Overload?Making the body work harder than normal in order to improve your bodies endurance
- 5What is Reversibility?If training stops then the effects gained be lost and has the opposite effect to progression
- 6What is Tedium and how can it be prevented?Tedium is basically a performer gets bored of the training and their skills start plateauing. This can be prevented by varying the way you train can reduce tedium.
- 7What does FITT stand for?FITT stands for:
FREQUENCY
INTENSITY
TIME
TYPE - 8What is the Term FITT used for?The term FITT is used to represent the four different ways to achieve progressive overload in a training program
- 9What does Frequency mean in Progressive overload Training?Frequency mean how often you train?
- 10What does Intensity mean in Progressive overload training?Intensity means how hard you train?
- 11What does time mean in progressive overload in training?How long you train for
- 12What does type mean in Progressive overload in training?Type means the kind of training you do
- 13How many types of training methods are there?There are 6 different types of training methods
- 14What are the 6 types of Training Methods?Interval Training
Continuous Training
Fartlek Training
Circuit Training
Weight (Resistance) Training
Cross Training - 15What is Interval Training?High intensity periods of work followed by periods of rest
E.g. Shuttle Runs - 16Why use Interval training?To improve aerobic and anaerobic fitness
To improve games players performance
To Speed up recovery time - 17What is Continuous Training?This is Low intensity but high duration work. Usually exercising continually for at least 20 minutes
Working at 60-80% MHR - 18Why use Continuous Training?To improve Stamina (aerobic capacity)
To improve health related fitness
To Reduce Body Fat
To maintain fitness in the off season - 19Fartlek Training what is it?Comes from the Swedish for speed play as it involves lots of changes in pace.
Walking, running, cycling at different speeds and intensity.
Minimum Duration is 30 minutes per session.
It also involves varying the terrain and can include hills - 20Why use Fartlek Training?To improve aerobic and anaerobic fitness
To help games players who need both.
To enjoy quick movement while staying within our own ability. - 21What is Circuit Training?Series of exercises preformed in an order
Usually 6-10 exercises at stations.
Work all our body and energy muscular systems. - 22Circuit Training why use it?Can improve aerobic & anaerobic fitness
Very Adaptable to most sport
Can be skill Specific
Improves muscular endurance strength and power and cardiovascular fitness. - 23Weight (resistance) Training what is it?Training using weights and resistance to train
Using sets and reps when lifting weights.
Exercising all muscle groups when lifting. - 24Weights Training why use it?Trains muscle strength endurance and power
Can be adapted to improve specific muscle groups.
Can progress and overload muscles. - 25What is cross training?Using a combination of training methods (not activities)
for example Interval training for speed and Circuit training to improve muscular endurance - 26What are the 5 components of Skill Related Fitness?Agility
Balance
Co ordination
Reaction Time
Timing - 27What is agility?Is the ability to change the body's position and direction at speed
E.g. Goalkeeper or rugby winger - 28What is balance?The ability to retain the centre of mass of the body above the base of support.
E.g Ice dancer or Skater - 29What is Dynamic Balance?Maintaining a controlled stable position while moving
E.g A hammer thrower - 30What is static Balance?Keeping the body stable while stationary
E.g Archery - 31What is Co-ordination?The ability to move two or move body parts smoothly and accurately in response to what your senses tell you.
- 32What are the three types of Co-ordinationHand-eye
Foot-eye
Head-eye co-ordination - 33What is reaction time?The time it takes us to respond to a stimulus
- 34What is timing?Ability to coincide movements with external factors combines decisions making, reaction time and co-ordination to be able to perform some movement.
E.g Making contact with a ball. - 35What is Health related fitness?The complete state of social, physical and mental well being and not just the absences of disease or infirmity.
- 36What is fitness?The ability to meet the demands of the environment
- 37What is exercise?Any form of physical activity that improves ones health and fitness.
- 38What are the 5 components of health related fitness?Cardiovascular endurance
Strength
Flexibility
Speed
Power - 39What is Cardiovascular Endurance?Often Referred to as Stamina
Ability of heart and lungs to work efficiently during an endurance event. - 40What are the 3 types of Muscular Strength?Dynamic Strength- Strength to support own body weight
Explosive-One short, sharp burst or movement.
Static: Amount of strength applied to still object. - 41What is Flexibility and what does it do?The Range of movement around a joint. Makes Performer more effective
Reduces the chance of injury
Improves body posture. - 42What is Power?The ability to undertake strength performance quickly
- 43What are the 5 types of Health related fitness?Cardiovascular Endurance
Speed
Power
Strength
Flexibility - 44Name Two Fitness tests?12 minute Cooper Run
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Multi-stage Fitness Test - Measures aerobic endurance and to obtain an estimate of their Vo2 maximum - 45What does the Hand Grip Dynamo-meter Measure?Measures grips and forearm muscle strength
- 46What does the sit and reach test Measure?The sit and reach test measures Flexibility of lower back and hamstring.
- 47What does the vertical Jump test Measure?The vertical jump test also know as the Sargent Jump measures height of a Jump and Measures Leg Power
- 48Name Two types of Speed tests?30 metre sprint test
Illinois Agility Test - 49What does the Stork stand test measure?The stork stand test measures balance in static position
- 50What gives the body its shape?The Skeleton
- 51How many bones make up the body?206 bones
- 52How many types of bones are there?4 types of bones
- 53What are the four types of bones?Long, short, flat and irregular bones
- 54Name two types of long bones?Humerus and Radius
- 55Name two short bones?Phalanges and carpal's
- 56Name two flat bones?Skull and clavicle
- 57Name two irregular Bones?Vertebrae and Patella
- 58What are the four functions of the Skeleton?Protection of organs
Blood cell production in the bone marrow
Movement at the joints
Support for the muscles and vital organs
Shape for maintaining basic body shape. - 59What happens inside the larger bones of the body?The body of the bone marrow produces red blood cells.
- 60What are the three types of joints?Freely moveable (knee joint)
Slightly moveable (Vertebral column)
Fixed Immoveable (skull) - 61Name 6 types of Freely moveable Joints?Hinge (Knee or elbow)
Ball and socket (hips)
Pivot (Rist)
Condyloid (rist)
Gliding (Ankle)
Saddle (Thumb) - 62What type of movements does a hinge joint make?Flexion (Bending)
&
Extension (straightening) - 63What type of movements do ball and socket joints make?Abduction (Take away)
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Adduction (Bring back) - 64How many types of muscles tissue are found in the body and what are they?Three Types of muscle Tissues
Cardiac Muscle
Involuntary Muscle
Voluntary - 65What are muscles antagonistic Pairs?Two muscles that are said to be working together
- 66What does a Agonist muscle do?The Muscle that contracts/shortens
- 67what does a antagonist muscle do?The muscle that relaxes/lengthens
- 68What is the Origin?The place where the muscle attached to the stationary bone
- 69What is the Insertion?The place where the muscles attached to the moving bone
- 70What are the two types of muscular contraction?Isotonic - same speed
Isometric - same length
Iso = same
Metric =length
Tonic = speed - 71What the two words that describe muscle lengths?Concentric - Muscle Shortens
Eccentric - Muscle lengthens and returns to normal. - 72What is Aerobic Respiration?Aerobic Respiration is respiration that occurs in the presence of oxygen
- 73What is Anaerobic Respiration?Anaerobic Respiration is respiration that occurs in the absence of oxygen
- 74What is the word equation for Aerobic Respiration?Glucose + O2 - Energy + Co2+ Water
- 75What are the three steps of the Respiratory System?Brings O2 in
Takes CO2 out
Provides a method of gas exchange that allows oxygen to enter the blood and carbon dioxide to leave the blood. - 76What happens when we breathe in?The Diaphragm contracts and flattens
Intercostal Muscles raises the ribs up and pushes out of the sternum
This reduces pressure inside the chest and causes air to be sucked into the lungs - 77What is the equation for Aerobic Respiration?Glucose - Energy - Latic Acid
or GEL for short - 78Where does Gaseous exchange take place?The Gaseous exchange takes place in the lungs
- 79What happens to your breathing rate when you exercise?Your breathing rate increases when you exercise.
- 80What is Oxygen Debt?Oxygen debt is a temporary oxygen shortage in the body tissues arising from exercise.
- 81What is the difference between an athletes heart and a average persons heart?An Athletes heart is bigger and stronger than a non athletes heart and it can supply the same amount of blood with fewer beats.
- 82What is Latic Acid?Latic Acid is a mild poison and waste product of Anaerobic Respiration.
- 83What are the three parts of the Circulatory System?Heart
Blood
Blood Vessels - 84What is the Function of the Blood?The Blood carries O2, water and nutrients, throughout the body and transports and removes waste.
- 85Where are the two places where you can measure your pulse rate?Carotid Artery
Radial Artery - 86How many chambers are there in the Heart?There are 4 chambers in there are 2 Atria's and 2 Ventricles
- 87Give a definition of Heart Rate?The number of times your heart beats in one minute, which is one contraction and relaxation of the heart.
- 88What is a pulse rate?A recording of the rate per minute at which the heart beats
- 89What is a Vein?A Vein is a vessel carrying blood towards into the heart.
- 90What is Cardiovascular Endurance?The Ability for the heart and lungs to provide oxygen to the body for energy that provides the energy for movement.
- 91What happens when we exercise?Breathing rate increases
Heart rate increases
Blood pressure increases. - 92What is the purpose of valves in the body?Valves ensures that blood flows in one direction.
- 93What are good tests for CV endurance?Resting Pulse Rate- the lower it is the better your endurance level is.
Pulse Recovery Rate- The quicker this returns to the resting pulse rate, the higher your endurance levels are. - 94What is a Anaerobic Training?Working at a high intensity for a long period of time.
- 95What is a Anaerobic Fresh hold?A Anaerobic Fresh hold is the upper limit of aerobic zone.
- 96What is Fatigue?Fatigue is a feeling of extreme tiredness
- 97What is local Muscular Fatigue?This is where you are unable to carry on with what you're doing as when muscles stop contracting.
- 98What will happen to concentration levels and skill levels when effected by Fatigue?Concentration levels will decrease
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Skill levels (speed & strength) will decrease - 99What will happen when a athlete under stress?Stress may lead to aggressive and arousals levels to increase
Stress can also lead to tension, Apprehension- Fear about the future and Motivation will decrease. - 100Name 4 types of Injuries?Internally caused injuries - Injuries where the performer is solely responsible
Overuse- caused by training too much
Sudden Injuries- Strain put on body due to lots of twisting and turning.
Externally caused injuries- Injuries caused by other factor, e.g equipment, opponents playing conditions. - 101Name 4 other types of Injuries?Foul play or incorrect actions- Involving other players usually opponents.
Impact Injuries- Contact in sport
Equipment clothing- Faulty Equipment
Accidents- What ever precautions put in place. - 102What 3 Precautions do Sports people have to consider?A Risk Assessment should be carried out
Warm ups should be carried out before starting
All rules. or codes of conduct should be clear, followed and enforced. - 103What is a SprainSprain is a tearing of a ligament at a joint
- 104What is a Strain?A Strain is a Over stretching of a muscle, rather than a joint.
- 105What does RICE stand for?Rest- Stop over stretching of a muscle , Rather than a joint
Ice- Apply Ice
Compression- Apply Pressure
Elevation- Raise the injured area
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- Karteikarten am PE Studies, erstellt von wig009 am 26/11/2013.
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