Karteikarten
atomic structure
Karten in diesem Stapel (26)
- 1describe the structure of the atoma positively charged nucleus surrounded by negatively charged electrons
- 2where is almost all of the mass of the atom?in the nucleus
- 3how does the radius of the nucleus compare to the radius of the atom?the nucleus is much, much smaller than the atom
- 4what is the nucleus of an atom composed of?protons and neutrons
- 5what do all nuclei of atoms of the same element have in common?the number of protons
- 6how can atoms of the same element differ in mass?by having a different number of neutrons
- 7what was the plum-pudding model of the atom?an early model of the atom where the atom was a ball of positive charge with negative electrons scattered throughout.
- 8why was the plum-pudding model of the atom proposed?because electrons had been discovered and were know to be smaller than atoms and to have a negative charge
- 9what was the nuclear model of the atom?the model that was proposed after the plum-pudding model, with atoms having a small positively charged nucleus surrounded by negative electrons
- 10why was the nuclear model of the atom proposed?because the alpha-particle scattering experiment produced evidence that could not be explained by the plum-pudding model.
- 11how are electrons arranged around the atomic nucleus?they orbit the nucleus at fixed distances.
- 12what happens to an atom's electrons when electromagnetic radiation is absorbed or emitted?distance from the nucleus may change or outer electrons may be knocked out of the atom.
- 13what is an ion?a charged particle
- 14what is ionisation?an atom is turned into an ion by the loss or gain of an electron.
- 15name the 3 ways an unstable nucleus may become more stable?by emitting an alpha particle, beta particle or a neutron
- 16what is an alpha particle made of?2 protons and 2 neutrons
- 17what is the mass of an alpha particle?4
- 18what is the charge (proton number) of an alpha particle?2
- 19what is a beta particle made of?a fast moving electron
- 20what is the mass of a beta particle?0
- 21what is the charge of a beta particle?-1
- 22how is the nucleus affected by the emission of an alpha particle?mass decreases by 4, atomic (proton) number decreases by 2
- 23how is the nucleus affected by the emission of a beta particle?mass stays the same, atomic (proton) number increases by 1
- 24what is nuclear fission?the splitting of a large unstable nucleus into two or more lighter, stable nuclei.
- 25what is nuclear fusion?the joining of 2 or more small nuclei to form one heaver, stable nucleus.
- 26what is half-life?the time taken for half of the radioactive nuclei in a sample to decay.
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- Key Stage 3 physics Karteikarten am atomic structure , erstellt von Chloe Harvey am 18/05/2025.
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- Chloe Harvey
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