Atomic Structure

What this page covers

This unit sits in the strand Atomic, Nuclear and Modern Physics, within Physics. The resources follow the story of the atom: early models, the particles inside it, and what happens when a nucleus is unstable. Many are written for GCSE Physics and A-level Physics courses, and a few mention the IB or the Leaving Certificate.

Where to start

Begin with a mind map for the overview. The P4 - Atomic Structure maps lay out the atomic model, the charge and mass of protons, neutrons and electrons, and isotopes. The map on the atom, the nucleus and radioactivity adds the plum pudding model and Rutherford's gold foil experiment, where the results showed that atoms are mostly empty space with a small nucleus.

A sensible order

1. Read a mind map on the structure of the atom and the particles inside it.
2. Go through the history: the flowcharts on alpha particle scattering and the development of the atom, plus the maps on Rutherford, Thomson and Chadwick.
3. Move to radioactivity, with the Radioactivity mind map covering alpha, beta and gamma radiation and ionisation ability.
4. Finish with nuclear fission and fusion, using the Nuclear Fission mind map and the Nuclear Fission and Fusion flashcards.

Using quizzes, maps and flashcards together

Read a map first, then cover it and try to rebuild it from memory. Flashcard decks such as UNIT 6.5 TYPES OF RADIATION ask short questions, like where protons, neutrons and electrons are found. They are good for quick recall of definitions. Then take a quiz, such as Atomic Structure or What is an atom like? P2 5.1 (AQA GCSE Physics), and go back to the map for any answer you missed.

For teachers

Teachers can use the maps and slide sets as ready-made starters, for example the slide sets on parts of the atom and on uses of radioisotopes, then set a quiz to close the lesson.

Choose one resource above and spend ten minutes with it. You may find the gaps are smaller than you expected.