Karteikarten
Generating Electricity
Karten in diesem Stapel (20)
- 1Generating ElectricityPhysics 1a 4.1 - 4.4
- 2How is fuel generated in a power station?See page 62 for a diagram.
In a coal or oil-fired power station, the burning fuel heats water in a boiler to produce steam, this steam drives a turbine that turns an electrical generator. - 3How do gas-fired power stations work?Natural gas is burned directly in a gas turbine engine, this produces a powerful jet of hot gases and air that drives the turbine, these can be switched on very quickly.
- 4Describe the structure of an atom.Every atom contains a positively charged nucleus surrounded by electrons in outer shells, the nucleus is composed of the protons and neutrons. Atoms of the same element can have a different number of neutrons in the nucleus.
- 5How is electricity obtained from a nuclear power station?A uranium fuel is contained in sealed cans in the core of the reactor. The nucleus of the uranium atoms split in two releasing energy, this process is called nuclear fission, it is a very hot process. The thermal energy is taken away by a coolant to the core. Water is turned to steam which drives a turbine.
- 6Name one of the most important consequences of burning fossil fuels for electricity.This releases carbon dioxide, which is known to cause global warming.
- 7How can wind power be harvested?This is an electricity generator at the top of a narrow tower, the force of the wind drives the turbine's blades around which turns a generator. The amount of power generated is dependent on the wind speed.
- 8How do wave generators work?The waves cause a floating section to move up and down, this motion causes a generator to turn, a cable between the generator and the shore delivers electricity to the grid system. However, these are impractical and may affect the sea's ecosystem.
- 9How is hydroelectricity generated?Water is collected in a reservoir and flows downhill, the flowing water drives a turbine which turn electricity generators at the bottom of the hill.
- 10Why is tidal power more reliable than wind power?Tidal power stations trap water from each high tide behind a barrage, this is then released through turbines which drive a generator is the barrage. It is therefore more reliable as high tides are inevitable, however high wind speeds are quite hard to predict.
- 11How is the sun used to generate electricity?Via solar cells or by heating water directly in solar heating panels.
- 12When are solar cells useful?In generating only small amounts of energy, they are quite expensive also and you need lots of them to generate enough power to be useful.
- 13Why are solar heating panels so useful?They are able to generate a lot of energy even when the sun is not shining directly.
- 14How can geothermal energy be used?This energy comes from energy released by radioactive substances deep within the earth which heats the surrounding rock. As a result, heat is transferred towards the Earth's surface.
- 15Where are geothermal power stations usually found?In volcanic areas or where there are hot rocks deep below the surface. Water gets pumped down to these rocks to produce steam, this then drives turbines at ground level.
- 16List two advantages of using nuclear power.1) There are no greenhouse gases.
2) Much more energy is produced from each kg of uranium fuel than fossil fuel. - 17List two disadvantages of using nuclear power.1) The fuel rods contain radioactive waste which must be stored safely for centuries.
2) An explosion would be very dangerous, this could after an area for years after the accident. - 18List the advantages of using a renewable source when generating electricity.1) They will never run out.
2) They do not produce greenhouse gases or result in acid rain.
3) They do not produce radioactive waste. - 19List the disadvantages of using a renewable source for generating electricity.1) Wind turbines are unsightly, and create a whining noise that can upset people.
2) Tidal barrages affect wildlife.
3) Hydroelectricity schemes require large reservoirs which can affect plant life and animal life. - 20Discuss the issues concerning fossil fuels.They produce greenhouse gases when burned which are leading to global warming. It also produces sulphur dioxide which can lead to acid rain. These fossil fuels are non-renewable so they will eventually run out.
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- Karteikarten am Generating Electricity, erstellt von Lauren Adams am 26/03/2016.
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