Karteikarten
Psycology
Karten in diesem Stapel (29)
- 1socioculturalsocial and cultural influence on human behaviour
the effect of society and culture on behavior - 2experimental methodAdvantage:
reveal cause-effect relationships
Control over experimental setting
Disadvantages:
less generalizable findings unless using field studies
ETHICAL limitations of experiments - 3experimenter Biasexperimenter Bias: preconceived expectations cause them to find what tehy expect to find.
- 4Placebo Effect:placebo effect =improvement from power of suggestion
Placebo= Sugar Pills or injection of saline solution
use control group to test wheter results due to treatment or place effect. - 5Problems experimental*selection
*Placebo
*Experimental - 6Experimental method advantage:†***************
only research metjod to identify cause-effect relationships
test hypothesis (educated guess)
cause-effect relationship between two or more variables - 7correlation does not equal causestress could lead to illness
- 8correlation does not prove causationA correlation between two variables does not prove that a cause-effect relationship exist between them. there is a correlation between stress and illness, but that does not mean that stress necessarily causes illness, such as poverty or poor general health.
- 9Correlation and predictionStronger relationship, better prediction
correlation does not equal cause
must use experimental method to conclude cause and effect
ethical issue in research - 10Correlation coefficientnumerical value
degree and prediction
relationship between two variables
+1.00 perfect positive correlation
-1.00 perfect negative correlation - 11correlation methodused to determine degree of relationship (correlation) between two characteristics, events, or behaviours
useful making prediction
cannot determine cause - 12Survey research†************""
Interview
Interview's personal characteristics can influence responses
internet
there may not be bias issue - 13************ survey research*********
survey: representative sample instead of whole population
Sample:
part of population used representative sample
Questionnaire
quick and inexpensive - 14Naturalistic observationAdvantage
study behaviour in nornal setting... reliable
Disadvantage
must wait for events to occur
******
observer bias can distort observation - 15*********** Natural observationobserve behaviour in natural setting
record behaviour in natural setting
no attempt to influence or control behaviour - 16descriptive research methods methodnatural observation
laboratory observation
casr study method
survey research
correlation studies - 17applied researchexample of research topics
methods of improve memory or motivation
therapies for mental disorder
way to decrease stress - 18psychologyscientific study odlf behaviour
scienfic study experiment
a science since it uses it scientific method - 19applied researchgoals
applying research to life
solving practical problem
improving quality of life - 20basic researchnature of memory
brain function
motivation
emotional expression
cause of mental disorders
exploring the subject matter - 21Basic researchseek new knowledge
explore topics of understanding
advances scientific understanding - 22*********** what is a theory?Theory= a generL principle
organi facts systematically
Guides science research - 23******* InfluenceApply*** principle to prevent unwanted occurrences
Change condition to prevent unwanted ***occurrences***
bring about deaired ****outcomes***
***solution** o outcome results - 24predictioncan specify conditions under which behaviour or event like to occur **whem Next???
understand likely wood of occurrence
Predict - 25explorationrequired understanding of condition
understand causes of behavior
understand causes of mental process
***why*** - 26descriptionmake note about behaviour
or situation observe
observation=data
Importance in early stage of reseach
****what*** - 27Goals of psycologydescription
explanation
prediction
influence - 28Titchener and structuralismintroduced psychology to North America
analysed basic elements/ structure of conscious mental experience - 29************** Introspection method of self-observation seen as not objectiveEdward Bradford Titchener
Informationen
- Beschreibung
- The effect of society and culture on behavior
- Erstellt von
- mirloude phanord
- Aufrufe
- 16
- Tags
- Bewertung