Karteikarten
PSYC2206 - Alcohol consumption
Karten in diesem Stapel (18)
- 1OutlineI. Alcohol consumption today - trends
II. Effects of alcohol consumption
III. Measuring alcohol consumption
IV. Factors involved in alcohol development and treatment - 2Alcohol consumption today- legally and widely obtainable in most countries
- predominant view: moderate consumption is OK
- more men than women
- consumption declines with age
- WHO- 2010: UK - 25
- OECD - 2015: UK -6 - 3Effects of alcohol consumptionI. Negative effects on health
II. Economic costs
III. Beneficial effects - 4Negative effects on health- 3 million death globally caused by alcohol consumption
- associated with many physiological and psychological conditions: liver cirrhosis, cardiovascular disease, neural damage, cancer
- single occasion: violence, aggression, unwanted pregnancy - 5Economic costsCosts from ill-health and alcohol-related crime.
- 6Benefits of light-moderate alcohol consumption- light-moderate consumers are less likely to have stroke
- BUT: non-drinkers might stopped alcohol consumption because of poor health
- not likely that alcool consumption has any benefits - 7Measuremnts of alcohol- Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT)
- proposed by the WHO
- 10 quesitons in total: 3 consumption, 3 dependence, 4 harm
- helps practitioners to identify who needs to drink less
- tresholds:
0-7: moderate
8-15: hazardous
16-20: harmful
20 above: dependence - 8Hazardous drinking- alcohol consumption that increases the risk of harmful consequences
- regularly exceeds the limit
- public-health significance - 9Harmful drinking- alcohol consumption that has physical and mental consequences
- 10Alcohol dependence- behavioural, cognitive and physiological phenomena tha may develop after repeated alcohol use
- strong desire
- increased tolerance - 11Normative misperceptionUnderstanding one's own alcohol consumption relative to others.
- heavy users often overestimate other's drinking
- normative fallacy can result from:
- heavy users are surrounded by other heavy users
- assumption in order to justify one's own behaviour - 12Other source of measurement- alcohol sales
- but difficult to define exact
- self-reported consumpton is usually underestimated
- non-records (under 16, homeless) - 13Factors and preventionsCOM-B model
- 14Capability- lack of knowledge about risks of alcohol consumption
- inability to self-control
- genetics
Prevention: mass-media campaigns, screenings and breif interventions - 15Opportunity- availability
- affordability
- social norms
Prevention: price cut, restricitng outlets - 16Motivation- automatic cognitive biases: memory, attentional, action
- evaluative beliefs
Prevention: advertising restrictions, cognitive bias modification - 17Best strategies- price cut
- availability restriciton
- advertising restriciton - 18Conclusion- alcohol misuse: prevalent
- measuring misuse: difficult but AUDIT is good
- COM-B illustrates the complexity
- there are range of effective interventions available to reduce harm from excessive drinking
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- PSYC2206 Karteikarten am PSYC2206 - Alcohol consumption, erstellt von Zsofi Dombi am 19/04/2018.
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- Zsofi Dombi
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