Karteikarten
SSH 105 Test #1
Karten in diesem Stapel (20)
- 1Statement / ClaimAn assertion that something is or is not the case.
- 2PropositionThe specific thought or idea that the statement expresses.
- 3PremiseA statement that is offered in support of a conclusion.
- 4ConclusionA statement that is held to be supported by one or more premises.
- 5ArgumentA set of statements, one of which (the conclusion) is taken to be supported by the remaining statements (the premises).
- 6InferenceA process of reasoning from a premise or premises to a conclusion, based on those premises.
- 7The steps of argument analysis0. Figure out if it really is an argument.
1. Reconstruct the argument.
2. Evaluate the argument. - 8Critical thinkingThe systematic analysis or formulation of arguments by rational standards.
- 9Different terms of "knowledge"1. Knowledge by acquaintance
2. Knowledge how
3. Propositional knowledge (that) - 10Key ingredients of propositional knowledge1. Belief
2. Truth
3. Justification - 11RealismAbout truth in some subject area.
i. There are truths in that subject area; and
ii. what these truths are does not depend upon anyone's beliefs about them (they are objective) - 12NihilismAbout truth in some subject area.
i. There are no truths whatsoever in that subject area
Drawbacks:
- extremely implausible in many subject areas
- nihilism about everything is self defeating - 13RelativismAbout truth in some subject area.
i. There are truths in that subject area
ii. but what the truths are depends upon (is relative to) what we (or someone) believes them to be - 14Subjective relativism- what truths are depends upon individuals
- "that's truth for me"
- "that's my truth" - 15Social relativism- What the truths are depends upon what (the majority in) a society or culture believes
- "what's truth for us" - 16Philosophical Skepticismi. Statement have truth values but
ii. we don't know what most or all of them are (we know a lot less than we think, or nothing at all)
ex. Dream hypothesis
Evil genius hypothesis - 17Coherence Model of TruthA proposition is true & only if it it coherent / consistent with a system of well supported proposition, other wise it's false
- 18Correspondence Model of Truth- A proposition is true just in case it describes things as they actually are
- A true proposition only corresponds the facts - 19Changes in evidence1. Two people may have different evidence available to them
2. An individual's evidence may change over time - 20Beliefs can be irrational / unjustified / unreasonable1. Motivational errors
2. Failing to weight all the available evidence properly
Informationen
- Beschreibung
- Karteikarten am SSH 105 Test #1, erstellt von Emily Choi am 25/09/2018.
- Erstellt von
- Emily Choi
- Aufrufe
- 3
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