Karteikarten
Bird Lab Exam
Karten in diesem Stapel (131)
- 1—American Wigeon - Male
Characteristics:
-White or buffy white crown
- bluish gray bill with dark tip
- White patches on upperwing
- The green patch on eye - 2—American Wigeon - Female
Characteristics:
- Gray face contrasts with cinnamon-buff chest
-Lack white on head seen in males
-Dark smudge around eye
- pale bill tipped with black
- 3—Northern Shoveler - Male
Characteristics:
- Large Spatulate bill
-Green head
- White breast with chestnut flanks and belly
- Yellow eye
- 4—Northern Shoveler - Female
Characteristics:
- Orange line on bill and orange legs
-Coarsely marked brown head and body
-Over sized bill
- 5—Wood Duck - Male
Characteristics:
-Distinctively glossy and colorful with sleek chest
-Intricate plumage: green, crested head, chestnut breast and other bold markings
- 6—Wood Duck - Female
Characteristics:
- White teardrop-shaped eye patch
-warm brown plumage with grayer, slightly crested head
-dark blue patch in the wings with white around the edges
- 7—Gadwall - Female
Characteristics:
-Gray bill with orange line on sides
-square head with steep forehead
-Brown plumage resembles female mallard but belly is white, forehead steeper and bill different
- 8—Gadwall - Male
Characteristics:
- Intricately patterned with gray, brown, and black
-Black tail coverts
- Unlike female has black bill and is much less brown
- 9—American Black Duck - Male
Characteristics:
- Yellow bill
-Dark brown body contrasting with lighter, paler head
- Streaked appearance on face with brown line that goes through the eye
- 10—American Black Duck - Female
Characteristics:
-Dark body contrasting with pale brown head
-Dull olive bill
- 11—Ruddy Duck - Male
Characteristics:
- Bright blue bill
- White cheeks with black cap
-Chestnut body
- Long, stiff black tail that is often held up
- 12—Common Goldeneye - Male
Characteristics:
- White round spot on face
- Head iridescent green that looks black
- Black back with mostly white body and white windows on wings
- 13—Common Goldeneye - Female
Characteristics:
- Warm/brown head contrasts with gray body
- Triangular head with slopping bill
- Bill is mostly blackish with yellow at tip only
- 14—Redhead- Male
Characteristics:
- Darker gray back than canvas
- Cinnamon-red head, black chest and rear
- More paler, yellow eye than Canvasback
- Tricolor bill (Pale/bluish color with white band on the end and black tip)
- 15—Bufflehead - Male
Characteristics:
- Glossy Black above
- White below
- Large, white patch on head
- Small duck with large head and short bill
-Appears black on head but is actually iridescence color to it
- 16—Bufflehead - Female
Characteristics:
- Small brownish duck
-Large, rounded head with distinctive single white patch on cheek
- 17—Canvasback - Male
Characteristics:
- Long all-dark bill
- Head and nut chestnut
-Black chest and rears with white body
- 18—Canvasback - Female
Characteristics:
- Pale bodies
- Dark chests and rears
- Gray cast to underparts distinguish from female red heads
- 19—Ring-necked Duck
Characteristics:
- Second white ring followed by black tip at base of bill
- Distinct vertical white bar on side
- The white bar separated black best from gray sides
- Black back and peaked head
- 20—Lesser Scaup - Male
Characteristics:
- Tall peaked head
- Black head, front and rear
- Gray back and white sides
- Grayer bill with no white stripe at end of beak
- 21—Hooded Merganser - Male
Characteristics:
- Small duck with dark slender bill and flamboyant over sized head
- white patch on head can be raised or lowered
- 22—Hooded Merganser - Female
Characteristics:
- Brownish overall
- Slender and straight bill
- upper mandible dark, lower yellowish
- 23—Common Merganser - Female
Characteristics:
- Long body and bill
- orange red-bill
- Warm reddish head
- White chin and white upper breast
- 24—Ring-necked Pheasant
Characteristics:
-Long tail and long neck
- Green head, white collar and coppery body
- plumage with black and white spots
- 25—Ring-necked Pheasant - Female
Characteristics:
- Brown overall
- Long tail and long neck
- Marked with black particularly on the wings and back
- 26—Ruffed Grouse - Male
Characteristics:
- extend long neck feather to create a black "ruff"
- Fan tail that has a dark band near the tip
- 27—Gray Partridge - Male
Characteristics:
- Plump chicken like
- Gray above with an orange face
- Rusty striped down its sides
- Tend to have larger rusty patch on belly
- 28—Northern Bobwhite - Male
characteristics:
-black and white striped face
- White throat
-Mottled, reddish brown with short gray tail
- Chestnut underparts with brown and white scaled underparts
- 29—Northern Bobwhite - Female
Characteristics:
- Buffy throat and stripe over eye
- Tan color on face instead of white like the male
- Striped and speckled all over with white, brown and white
- 30—Sharp-tailed Grouse
Characteristics:
- Similar to prairie-chickens but underparts scaled and spotted
-tai mostly white and pointed
- grayish plumage overall
-V shaped marks on belly
- 31—Greater Prairie-Chicken - Male
Characteristics:
- Golden orange air sacs
-Heavily barred above and below
- Short, rounded tail all dark in males
- Fleshy yellow-orange eye combs
- 32—Greater Prairie-Chicken - Female
Characteristics:
- Strong horizontal dark and white barring on underside
- Dark eyeline and pale throat
- 33—American Woodcock
Characteristics:
- Plump, short-legged and short-necked
- Long straight bill
- Cinnamon underparts and gray collar
- 34—Snowy Owl
Characteristics:
- Color varies from all white to heavily barred depending on age and sex
- Piercing yellow eyes
- 35—Great Horned Owl
Characteristics:
- White throat and barred below
- Distinctive ear tuffs (large)
- yellow eyes
- facial disc can vary from cinnamon to gray
- 36—Eastern Screech-Owl
Characteristics:
- Small with yellow eyes and pale bill tip
-Bill base yellow-green
-Color morphs can range from gray to red
- Both have dark vertical streaks
- 37—Barn Owl
Characteristics:
- Rusty brown above with underparts varying from white to cinnamon
- Pale owl with dark eyes whitish heart-shaped face
- 38—Burrowing Owl
Characteristics:
- Adult body spotted and barred
- Long legs unique
- Adults mottled brown and white with yellow eyes and bill
- 39—Northern Saw-Whet Owl
Characteristics:
-Reddish brown above and white below with reddish streaks
-Dark bill
-Facial disc reddish without dark border
-White V between the eyes
-Round-headed owl without ear tuffs
- 40—Barred Owl
Characteristics:
- Dark eyes
- Dark barring on upper breast and dark streaking below
- Yellow bill
- 41—Short-eared Owl:
-Very short ear tuffs that are barely visible
- Streaked on breast, belly more paler and more lightly streaked
- Blackish eye patch, white face and yellow eyes
- Overall heavily streaked
- 42—Golden Eagle
Characteristics:
- Golden nape
-Very large and dark
- Feathered legs and darker bill with black tip
- 43—American Bald Eagle
Characteristics:
- White head and Tail
- Yellow bill
- Brown body
- 44—Red-tailed Hawk
Characteristics:
- Wings broad and rounded, short tail
- Heavy bill
- Red tail
- Head brown with white throat
- Mostly pale below with darker belly band, wing tips and edges
- 45—Rough-legged Hawk
Characteristics:
- Small bill (yellow with black tip)
- Feathered tarsus
- Adult males with multiple blackish bands at tail base
- females tend to have a single black band on the end of the tail
- 46—Broad-Winged Hawk
Characteristics:
- Tail has broad black and white bands
- Rufous-brown barred underparts
-Black moustachial streak
- Black tip on beak
- 47—Northern Goshawk
Characteristics:
- slate gray cap and white eyebrow
- red eye
- large, bulky raptor
- 48—Sharp-shinned Hawk
Characteristics:
- Small head
- Horizontal red-orange bars on the breast
- Long tailed and thin legs
- Blue-gray above
- 49—Prairie Falcon
Characteristics:
- Pale brown above
- Creamy white and heavily spotted below
- White cheek, white line over eye and thin dark moustachial stripe
- 50—Peregrine Falcon
Characteristics:
-Crown and nape black
- Black wedge extends below eyes to form a distinctive helmet
- Yellow eye and beak with black on end
- Underparts pale whitish
- 51—American Kestrel - Male
Characteristics:
- Double black stripes on white face
- Smallest falcon with small head
- Rusty above with slate-blue wings
- 52—American Kestrel - Female
Characteristics:
- Rusty overall with black barrings on wing and back compared to male that has bluish gray wings
- Gray crown with two dark facial stripes
- 53—Common Loon
Characteristics:
- Long body with hefty bill
- Black-and-white striped collar
- Checkerboard back
- 54—Pied-billed Grebe
Characteristics:
- Black ring on thick, whitish bill
- White eye ring surrounds dark eye
- Black chin
- White rear end, pale belly
- 55—Pied-billed Grebe Juvenile
Characteristics:
- head streaked with black and white
- eye ring absent
- Throat is much redder
- 56—Horned Grebe
Characteristics:
- Breeding male has golden horns and chestnut neck
- White-tipped bill
- gray-black underparts and grayish-black upperparts
-black head with white cheek and small pale lore spot
- short, straight bill
- 57—Tundra Swan - Juvenile
Characteristics:
- Extensive pink at bill of base with black tip and base
- Older juv are pale dusky-brown with extensive white highlights
- 58—Green-winged Teal
Characteristics:
- Small bill
- Dark line through eye with weaker dark area across cheek
- Have green patch on wing
- 59—Blue-winged Teal
Characteristics:
- Darker cap and eyeline on head with whitish anterior face
- Black bill
- Gray face
- Blue and grey on wing, males have white crescent on face
- 60—Mallard - Female
Characteristics:
- Orange on outline of bill with black color
- Orange feet
- Mostly white tail and mottled plumage
- Has color patch on wing
- 61—Mallard - Male
Characteristics:
- Yellow bill
- White color and chestnut breast
- Green head and neck
- 62—American White Pelican
Characteristics:
- Massive bright orange bill
- Yellowish tuft. Grayish on crown and nape
- White, with black primaries and outer secondaries
- 63—Ring-billed Gull
Characteristics:
- Black subterminal band on beak
- Yellow legs
- May have tail marking on black tail
- Pale eyes and pale gray back/wings
- In the winter head may be streaked with brown
- 64—Franklin's Gull
Characteristics:
- Smallish gull with black hood and white underparts
- Thick white eye crescent
- Red bill in breeding
- White markings on tail
- 65—American Bittern
Characteristics:
- Blackish malar stripe
- Mottled brown upperparts and brownish neck streaks
- Long, thick neck and long pointed bill
- 66—Great Egret
Characteristics:
- Very long neck and long yellow bill
- Dark legs and feet
- In breeding adults have long plumes that trail from back extending beyond tail
- 67—American Coot
Characteristics:
- Whitish bill with subterminal band
- Reddish brown forehead shield (some may lack this)
- Dark gray overall and long lobed toes
- Outer undertail converts white
- 68—Sora
Characteristics:
- Blackish mask and center of throat otherwise gray face and breast
- Thick yellowish bill
- Coarsely streaked above
- 69—Killdeer
Characteristics:
- Black breast bands - juveniles have one band and adults have two
- Long wings and tail
- Has reddish orange rump
- 70—Common Snipe
Characteristics:
- Warmer background color to head, breast and sides
- Striped head and long beak
- Intricately pattern designed
- 71—Greater Yellowlegs
Characteristics:
- Legs yellow to orange
- Bill all dark in breeding males
- Bill longer, often slightly recurved
- Breeding male have heavy barring on the flanks sometimes across belly
- 72—Mourning Dove
Characteristics:
- Black spotting on upperwing
- Long pointed tail
- Pinkish wash below on side of neck
- Female duller and browner with less iridescence
- 73—Rock Pigeon
Characteristics:
- Small bird with small head, thin bill
- Plumage vary but most common form has gray back, 2 black bars in the wing and blue-gray head that has a iridescent color to it
- 74—Yellow-billed Cuckoo
Characteristics:
- White spots on black tail
- Thick, extensively yellow bill
- Graish brown above and white below
- 75—Common nighthawk
Characteristics:
- White throat
- Tiny bill and small flat head
- White patch on lower edge of wing
-Bar pattern on belly and tail little forked
- Plumage color varies from grey to more rusty tones
- 76—Ruby-throated Humming bird - Male
Characteristics:
- Ruby throat that can look blackish
- Black band under bill and eye
- Green color above with forked tail
- Very small
- 77—Ruby-throated Hummingbird - Female
Characteristics:
- Bright green above, including crown
- Blackish primaries on wings both male and female
- 78—Belted Kingfisher - Male
Characteristics:
- Slate blue breast band
- White belly and undertail coverts
- White collar
- 79—Belted Kingfisher - Female
Characteristics:
- Slate blue breast band
- White belly and undertail coverts
- Unlike male female has rust belly band and flanks along with the blue breast band
- 80—Red-headed Woodpecker
Characteristics:
- Red head, neck and throat
- Snowy white underparts and black back
- Prominent white wing patch on folded wing
- 81—Hairy Woodpecker
Characteristics:
- Square head and long beak
- Black and white overall
- Male has red hindcrown spot where female does not have this
- 82—Northern American Flicker
Characteristics:
- Large woodpecker with black bib and spotted belly
- Males depending red or yellow shaft will have a yellow or red mustache
- Red nape on yellow males
- White or yellow rump
- upper parts brownish-gray with black barring
- 83—Yellow-bellied Sapsucker - Male
Characteristics:
- Chin and throat red. Also red crown
- Underparts/belly yellowish hence name yellow-bellied
- Vertical white wing
-Back blackish with whitish to Buffy barring
- 84—Yellow-bellied Sapsucker
Characteristics:
- Compared to male chin and throat is pure white not red
- Red crown
- Vertical white patches on wings
- Underparts vary from yellowish to whitish
- 85—Tree Swallow
Characteristics:
- White below does not extend above eye
- Small head and small bill
- Males: blue-green above and white below with blackish flight feathers
- Females: Brownish above with hints of blue-green
- 86—Purple Martin
Characteristics:
- Dark, glossy purple overall but often appears black
- Brown black wings and tail, slightly hooked bill
- Females: gray collar around neck and duller. Variable amounts of grey on head and chest
- 87—American Crow
Characteristics:
- Long and thick bill
- All black
- 88—Blue Jay
- 89—Black-billed Magpie
Characteristics:
- Unusually long tail compared to the body size and heavy bill
- Black and white coloration with large white patch on wings
- Tail has iridescent green highlights
- 90—Black-capped Chickadee
Characteristics:
- Black cap and bib
- Small bird with short bill
- White cheek, gray back and wings and light buffy underparts
- 91—White-breasted Nuthatch
Characteristics:
- Black cap on males, grayer cap on females
- White face contrasts with black/gray cap
- Bluish gray above
- Rusty spots near rear
- Compact, no neck with long pointed bill
- 92—Brown Creeper
Characteristics:
- Streaked brown plumage
- white underparts
- Thin, slightly decurved beak
- Long tail
- 93—Ruby-crowned Kinglet
Characteristics:
- White eyering and white wing bar
- Black bar below lower wing bar
- Male has red crown patch
- Pale olive underparts
- Olive-green overall, tiny tail and bill
- 94—American Robin
Characteristics:
- Broken white eye ring
- Yellow bill
- Gray-brown above with darker head and brick red underparts
- Female like male but is a little duller in color especially on the underparts
- 95—Eastern Bluebird
Characteristics:
- Chestnut below with white belly and white undertail coverts
- Blue above, red wraps around side of neck and throat
- Female: same layout but more grayish above and a subdued blue and red color compared to males
- 96—Cedar Waxwing
Characteristics:
- Yellowish belly and yellow tail tip
White undertail coverts
- Black mask with peachy brown head and chest
- Dark tail sometimes have red tips to wings
- 97—American Robin
- 98—Eastern Bluebird
Characteristics:
- Blue above with rusty throat and chest. White belly
- Small, round head
- Chest nut color extends all way around throat
- Female: More grayish blue above and less vibrant rusty color below - 99—Cedar Waxwing
Characteristics:
- Black mask with peachy brown head and chest
- Pale yellow belly and yellow tip to dark tail
- Sometimes has red tip on wings - 100—Common yellowthroat
Characteristics:
- Round belly and long tail
- Male: Black mask and a yellow throat and undertail coverts
- Females: Brownish above with yellow throat and breast
- 101—Red-winged Blackbird
Characteristics:
- Glossy black with red shoulder patches tipped with buffy yellow (yellow sometimes missing)
- Females: Dark brown above, heavily streaked below. Red patch present and pinkish throat
- 102—Yellow-headed Blackbird
Characteristics:
- Male: Yellow head and breast. White wing patch contrast with black body
- Female: Dusky brown, lacks wing patch. Belly streaked with white. Eyebrow, lower cheek, and throat are yellow
- 103—Common Grackle - Male
Characteristics:
- Long tail, long legs and heavy bill
- Pale yellow eyes
- Glossy purplish blue head, neck and breast
- Bronzed one: blue head and bronze-green back and underparts
- 104—Common Grackle - Female
Characteristics:
- Smaller and duller brown body but retain male head color
- 105—Brown-headed Cowbird - Male
Characteristics:
- Brown head contrasts with metallic green-black body
- Short tail
- Chunky bird with thick bill
- 106—Brown-headed Cowbird - Female
Characteristics:
- plain brown, lightest on head and underparts, fine streaking on belly and dark eye
- 107—Baltimore Oriole - Male
Characteristics:
- Black hood and back
- Bright orange rump and underparts
- Orange patches on tail
- Orange shoulder patch and white wing bars
- 108—Baltimore Oriole - Female
Characteristics:
- Brownish olive above and orange below
- Varying amounts of black on head and throat
- 109—Western Meadowlark
Characteristics:
- Flat head and long slender beak
- Bright yellow underparts and prominent black v on chest
- 110—European Starling
Characteristics:
- Yellow bill with blue base in males and pink in females
- Spots on back and underparts
- Iridescent black. Glossy plumage
- 111—Scarlet Tanager
Characteristics:
- Small, short bill and tail
- Male: Bright red and solid black on wings and tail. Becomes splotchy green and red when molting to yellow-green winter plumage
- Female: Olive-yellow with darker wings and tail
- 112—Rose-breasted Grosbeak
Characteristics:
- Large size and triangular beak
Males: Rose red breast, white underparts, thick white wing bars, white rump. Black on back and head
- Females: Heavily streaked plumage with white eyebrow and pale bill
- 113—Red Crossbill
Characteristics:
- Bill with crossed tips
- Males: reddish overall but color varies. Always have red or yellow on throat
- Females: Yellowish olive color. Throat is always gray
- 114—Common Redpoll
Characteristics:
- Red cap and black chin
- Male: Bright, rosy breast and sides. Streaks on flanks
- Female: Brown and streaky with red crown. Very faint red on chest
- Both have yellow or pale beak
- 115—Dark-eyed Junco
Characteristics:
- Gray or brown head and breast. pale bill
- Slate colored: Mostly gray with white belly. White wing bars
- Pink-sided: Slate gray head, brown back and pinkish-brown sides
- Some have red on back and black around eye
- 116—White-throated Sparrow
Characteristics:
- Strongly outlined white throat, mostly dark bill
- Dark crown striped and eye line
- Broad eyebrow is yellow in front of eye remainder is either white or tan
- Upperparts rusty brown, underparts grayish
- 117—House Sparrow
Characteristics:
- Male: gray crown, chestnut nape, black bib and black bill. White wing bar
- Female: Head pattern more subdued, bill paler and black bib obscured. Plain buffy-brown overall with gray underparts. Back striped with black and brown
- 118Three ways birds can get themselves off the ground?1) Climbing trees and taking off from a branch of the tree
2) Jumping upward and opening wings/flapping to get take off
3) Running and lifting off like a airplane - 119Five features or behaviors birds use to fly1) Flapping wings to keep them lifted
2) Streamlined body and feet to reduce drag
3) Flying in a formation - gives birds behind them a lift
4) Updrafts from cliff help give them a push
5) Rounded front edge and thin upward on wings - 120Two ways birds can improve their landing1) Land on water and use their feets as brakes
2) Aiming for a certain point below. Swoops upward then aim for the certain spot so their piece is 0 - 121Four ways birds have reduced their weight1) Beak - less weigh than jaws
2) Skeleton with fewer bones and slim pelvis
3) Hollow bones not solid like humans
4) Feathers - Hollow and light - 122How do different birds care for their feathers?1) With their beaks
2) Hummingbird combs feather with one foot well balancing with the other
3) Taking a bath/using water to clean their feathers
4) - 123Speed of a peregrine falcon during its dive200 mph
- 124Three adaptations barn owls have to make them successful hunters1) Detects prey by sound so has extremely a quite hearing
2) Specializations to wings to make them silent to prey
3) Rounder and broader wings to give them max lift at slow speeds - 125How is a kestrel able to hover?Face into the wind. Wind currents/gusts go over wings keeping them suspended in the air. Occasionally will flap to keep air moving over wings or if they have to change direction
- 126One benefit and one cost to being a hummingbird1) benefit - Able to hover/move wings quickly. Wings in a figure 8 so they can move forward, backward, etc. Can move in any direction due to this
2) Cost - Need to refuel a lot. Cost a lot of energy to flap wings that quickly. - 127How do hummingbirds survive cold nightsTurn off motors. Heart slows down a lot. Body and temp and breathing slow down/fall. So in a sense hibernate at night
- 128Some species that migrate1) Snow geese
2) Hummingbirds
3) Western Sandpipers - 1293 things that birds use to figure out where they are going during migration1) Navigate by stars once night comes
2) calling out to one another as they fly
3) Looking at thermoregulations to figure out where they are - 130One bird that must stay over land to migrate and whySpecies like Hawks and Ruby-throated Hummingbirds as they relay on thermoregulations. The thermoregulations are found on land but not sea. This means that they have to migrate the long way on land instead of water
- 131How have humans changed the migratory behavior of DickcisselsHumans have changed the landscape/cultivation of land that has interfered with their migratory route.
Informationen
- Beschreibung
- Karteikarten am Bird Lab Exam, erstellt von Emily Twaites am 30/09/2018.
- Erstellt von
- Emily Twaites
- Aufrufe
- 1
- Bewertung