Karteikarten
Chapter 8 Key Terms
Karten in diesem Stapel (30)
- 1algorithma process or set of rules to be followed in calculations or other problem-solving operations, especially by a computer.
- 2artificial intelligencethe theory and development of computer systems able to perform tasks that normally require human intelligence, such as visual perception, speech recognition, decision-making, and translation between languages.
- 3availability heuristicis a mental shortcut that relies on immediate examples that come to a given person's mind when evaluating a specific topic, concept, method or decision.
- 4cognitionthe mental action or process of acquiring knowledge and understanding through thought, experience, and the senses.
- 5confirmation biasthe tendency to interpret new evidence as confirmation of one's existing beliefs or theories
- 6convergent thinkinggenerally means the ability to give the "correct" answer to standard questions that do not require significant creativity, for instance in most tasks in school and on standardized multiple-choice tests for intelligence.
- 7creativitythe use of the imagination or original ideas, especially in the production of an artistic work.
- 8crystallized intelligenceis the ability to use skills, knowledge, and experience. It does not equate to memory, but it does rely on accessing information from long-term memory.
- 9divergent thinkingis a thought process or method used to generate creative ideas by exploring many possible solutions.
- 10embodied cognitionis a topic of research in social and cognitive psychology, covering issues such as social interaction and decision-making
- 11emotional intelligencethe capacity to be aware of, control, and express one's emotions, and to handle interpersonal relationships judiciously and empathetically.
- 12fluid intelligenceis the capacity to think logically and solve problems in novel situations, independent of acquired knowledge. Fluid intelligence involves the ability to identify patterns and relationships that underpin novel problems and to extrapolate these findings using logic
- 13functional fixednessis a cognitive bias that limits a person to use an object only in the way it is traditionally used.
- 14general intelligencealso known as g factor, refers to the existence of a broad mental capacity that influences performance on cognitive ability measures.
- 15grammarthe whole system and structure of a language or of languages in general, usually taken as consisting of syntax and morphology (including inflections) and sometimes also phonology and semantics.
- 16heuristicenabling a person to discover or learn something for themselves.
- 17intelligence quotienta number representing a person's reasoning ability (measured using problem-solving tests) as compared to the statistical norm or average for their age, taken as 100
- 18language acquisition deviceis a hypothetical module of the human mind posited to account for children's innate predisposition for language acquisition.
- 19mental ageis a concept related to intelligence. It looks at how a specific child, at a specific age—usually today, now—performs intellectually, compared to average intellectual performance for that physical age, measured in years.
- 20mental setis a framework for thinking about a problem. It can be shaped by habit or by desire.
- 21morphemea meaningful morphological unit of a language that cannot be further divided (e.g., in, come, -ing, forming incoming ).
- 22normal distributiona function that represents the distribution of many random variables as a symmetrical bell-shaped graph.
- 23phonemeany of the perceptually distinct units of sound in a specified language that distinguish one word from another,
- 24prototypea first, typical or preliminary model of something, especially a machine, from which other forms are developed or copied.
- 25reliabilitythe quality of being trustworthy or of performing consistently well.
- 26representativeness heuristicis used when making judgments about the probability of an event under uncertainty
- 27standardizationthe process of making something conform to a standard.
- 28stereotype threatis a situational predicament in which people are or feel themselves to be at risk of conforming to stereotypes about their social group.
- 29triarchic theory of intelligencesuch as the ability to think abstractly and evaluate information; creativity, the ability to invent novel solutions or ideas; and practical skills,
- 30validitythe quality of being logically or factually sound; soundness or cogency.
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- Karteikarten am Chapter 8 Key Terms , erstellt von Elizabeth Marval am 23/10/2018.
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- Elizabeth Marval
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