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IB Chemistry - Key definitions

rbarboza Portugiesisch 21 Karten

IB Chemistry - Key definitions

Karten in diesem Stapel (21)

  1. 1Relative Atomic Mass (Ar)Average mass of all existing isotopes of an element compared to one atom of carbon-12
  2. 2Mass Number (A)Number of protons + Number of neutrons
    *biggest number*    Mass Number (A)
  3. 3IsotopesAtoms of the same element (same atomic number) but different mass number (number of neutrons)
  4. 4ElectronegativityTendency of an element to attract a pair of electrons when covalently bondedElectronegativity
  5. 5First Ionization EnergyEnergy required to remove one mole of electrons from one mole of gaseous atoms
    X -> X+ + e-    First Ionization Energy
  6. 6Atomic Number (Z)Number of protons; In a neutral atom, the number of electrons and protons is the same
    *never changes*    Atomic Number (Z)
  7. 7Relative Molecular Mass (Mr)Sum of all the relative atomic masses of all atoms present in a molecule
    Example: Water = (2x1.01)+(1x16.01)=18.02
  8. 8Exothermic ReactionChemical reactions which result in a transfer of heat energy from the system to the surroundings (heat given out)
    Enthalpy change is negative
    Examples: Combustion and neutralization    Exothermic Reaction
  9. 9Endothermic ReactionChemical reactions which result in an energy tranfer from the surroundings to the system
    Enthalphy change is positive    Endothermic Reaction
  10. 10Standard Enthalpy Change of Reaction (ΔH⊖)Heat transferred during a reaction
  11. 11Average Bond EnthalpyEnergy needed to break one mole of bonds in gaseous molecule under standard conditions
  12. 12Rate of ReactionMeasure of the amount of reactants being converted into products per unit time
  13. 13Activation Energy (Ea)Minimum value of kinetic energy which particles must have before they are able to react
  14. 14Brønsted-Lowry AcidProton (H+) donour
  15. 15Brønsted-Lowry BaseProton (H+) acceptor
  16. 16Lewis AcidElectron pair acceptor
  17. 17Lewis BaseElectron pair donour
  18. 18OxidationLoss of electrons during a reaction; Increase in oxidation number
  19. 19ReductionGain of electrons during a reaction; Decrease in oxidation number
  20. 20Oxidizing AgentSubstance that causes oxidation; Substance which is reduced
  21. 21Reducing AgentSubstance that causes reduction; Substance which is oxidized

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Karteikarten am IB Chemistry - Key definitions, erstellt von rbarboza am 27/11/2014.
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