Karteikarten
Computing Flashcards
Karten in diesem Stapel (50)
- 1What does CPU stand for?Central Processing Unit.
- 2What is the job of the CPU?It processes all the data and instructions that make the whole system work.
- 3What does the processing power of the CPU depend on?The Clock Speed, number of Cores and Cache size.
- 4What does the CPU architecture describe?The main components of the CPU and how they interact with each other.
- 5What are the 2 main types of architecture?Von Neumann and Harvard.
- 6What does CU stand for?Control Unit.
- 7What is the main job of the CU?To execute program instructions by following the Fetch- Decode- Execute Cycle.
- 8What does ALU stand for?Arithmetic Logic Unit.
- 9What is the main job of the ALU?To complete simple addition and subtraction, compare the size of the numbers and do multiplications and divisions using repeated addition and subtraction.
- 10What are the 3 main Logic Operations?AND, OR and NOT.
- 11What is contained within the ALU?The Accumulator register.
- 12What is Cache?A type of very fast memory.
- 13What are the different levels of Cache?L1, L2 and L3. L1 is the quickest but has the lowest capacity. L3 is the slowest but has the highest capacity.
- 14What does Von Neumann architecture describe?A system where the CPU runs programs stored in memory.
- 15What do programs consist of?Instructions and data which are stored in the memory addresses.
- 16What is the main job of the Program Counter?A register that holds the address of the next instuction to be executed.
- 17What does MAR stand for?Memory Address Register.
- 18What is the main job of the MAR?To hold the address of the current instruction being executed and to know the location.
- 19What does MDR stand for?Memory Data Register.
- 20What is the main job of the MDR?To store the actual data that is being processed and to hold data that is copied from the Control Unit to process it.
- 21What 2 types of operations does the Arithmetic Logic Unit preform?Arithmetic Operations and Logical Operations.
- 22What does < mean?Less than.
- 23What does > mean?More than.
- 24What does <= mean?Less than or equal to.
- 25What does >= mean?More than or equal to.
- 26What does != mean?Not equal to.
- 27What does == mean?Equal to.
- 28What is the Fetch- Decode- Execute Cycle?Fetch: The CPU fetches the data from main memory (RAM). Decode: This is then decoded by the CU to carry out the instruction correctly. During this time, the Program Counter is incremented to point to the next instruction. Execute: This could be in the form of loading more data form memory, preforming logical or arthmetic operations on data or storing it somewhere else. Then repeat.
- 29What factors affect the performance of the CPU?The Clock Speed, Cache size and number of Cores.
- 30What is Clock Speed?The speed the processor operates. It is measured in Hertz.
- 31How many Bits make a Nibble?4 Bits.
- 32How many Bits make a Byte?8 Bits.
- 33How many Bytes make a KiloByte?1000 Bytes.
- 34How many KiloBytes make a MegaByte?1000 KiloBytes.
- 35How many MegaBytes make a GigaByte?1000 MegaBytes?
- 36How many GigaBytes make a TeraByte?1000 GigaBytes.
- 37What are the 2 main types of memory?RAM and ROM.
- 38What does Volatile mean?Once a power source is turned off, the memory is wiped.
- 39What does Nonvolatile mean?When the power source is turned off, the memory is still stored.
- 40How does RAM work?When the computer is off, RAM is empty. When its switched on, the operating system is loaded onto RAM. This is copied from the Hard Disk Drive. As the computer is being used, the programs are copied from the Hard Disk Drive to RAM. The RAM starts to fill up. When there isn’t enough memory on RAM, to store the next program, it will be transferred to Virtual memory on the Hard Drive. The more RAM you have, the more you can store.
- 41What does BIOS stand for?Basic Input Output Systems.
- 42What does POST stand for?Power On Self Test.
- 43What are examples of Primary Storage?RAM and ROM.
- 44What are examples of Secondary Storage?Hard Disk Drive and Solid State Drive.
- 45What are examples of Offline Secondary Storage?CD, USB Flash Memory, Removable HDD and Magnetic Tape.
- 46What are the Storage Methods?Magnetic, Optical and Solid State.
- 47What are the basic features of Magnetic Disks?The disk contains concentric circles called tracks. Each track is divided into sectors.
- 48What are the advantages to Solid State Drives?They are durable, silent, fast and has no moving parts.
- 49What Online Devices use Flash Memory?Cameras, USB memory sticks and phones.
- 50—
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- Karteikarten am Computing Flashcards , erstellt von Jagveer Singh am 10/07/2019.
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