Karteikarten
aug 20 lec
Karten in diesem Stapel (71)
- 14 types of tissue typesEpithelial tissues
connective tissues
muscle tissue
nervous tissue - 2Epithelial tissuesline surfaces (this includes glandular tissues)
- 3Connective tissuessupport or bind the body, physically or metabolically, or both
ex-cartilage and bone - 4Muscle tissuesmuscles contract, get smaller, to bring to things together, pump various fluids, etc.
allow us to move - 5Nervous tissueresponds to stimuli, generally in a coordinated way. Includes support cells that keep nerve cells functioning.
- 6Every organ has two different classes of tissuesparenchyma
stroma - 7Parenchymathe principal functional tissue, generally epithelium.
- 8Stromasupport tissue, generally vessels and forms of connective tissue.
GI has every type of tissue in the body - 9Epithelium: what it doesprotection
secretion
absorption
sensory - 10Basal Laminait separates the epithelium from the underlying connective tissue.
- 11basal lamina locationA felt-like lining that the epithelial cells sit on;
- 12Microvillliinvolved in increasing surface area for absorption
- 13other membrane specializationphagocytosis
pinocytosis - 14Epithelial classification I: Shape of cells.Squamous Epithelium
Cuboidal epithelium
Columnar epithelium - 15Squamous Epithelium Cellsflat
width is much greater than height. - 16Connective tissuesupports all the other tissues—either physically or metabolically.
- 17Loose Connective TissueAreolar
Adipose
Hematopoietic (blood-forming)
Reticular (Lymph Nodes) - 18Dense Connective TissuesDense Irregular
Dense Regular: Tendon and Ligament - 19Collagen fiberslike ropes
- 20Reticular fibersAlso collagen, but thinner.
- 21what stabalizes collagen?Requires Vitamin C to add –OH groups
so vit c is important in making collagen - 22Ground substancesProteins, lipids, carbohydrates, water
glycoproteins
proteoglycans
Glycosaminoglycans - 23CartilageHyaline Cartilage
Elastic Cartilage
Fibrocartilage - 24BoneCancellous (spongy) bone
Compact bone - 25GlysoaminoclycansHolds in a lot of water.
- 26HydroxyapatiteHard substance found in bone
- 27bones 3 elementscells
fibers
Ground substance - 28cellsosteoblast
osteocytes
osteclasts - 29osteoblastsit on top of bone tissue
manufacture new organic matrix that is later calcified. - 30osteocyteformer osteoblasts embedded in matrix, and later inside completed bone,
- 31osteocytes connected to each otherby filaments and small channels called canaliculi which allow water, nutrients and waste in and out of the confined cells.
- 32osteoblaststhese cells are multinucleate and etch away bone
remove all areas of damaged/injured matrix - 33fiberscollagen predominates and is rather abundant
providing strength to bone. - 34Ground Substancenaturally the glycoaminoglycans of other tissues are present,
but in addition there is hydroxyapatite(made of calcium and phosphate.) - 35what does hydroxyaphite do?makes bones hard
- 36PROTECTIONKeratin (Abrasion, Waterproofs)
Mucus (lubrication)
Pigment production - 37secretionglands
- 38absoprtionintestine
kidney tubules - 39sensoryNeuroepithelium
- 40Tight Junctionsseparate what’s outside in the lumen from getting between the cells and from there to the underlying CT..
- 41Intermediate junction (macula adherens)connects two cells and connects to actin cytoskeleton of cells.
- 42Desmosomes (Macula adherens)Random spot welds connecting one cell to another by a firm anchoring of interconnecting proteins.
Typically attached to intermediate filaments within the cell. - 43Gap junctions (electrical/communicating junctions)Connections between two cells that allow ions to pass from one to the next.
- 44where are gap junctions found?epithelium
smooth muscle
cardiac muscle. - 45basal laminaseparates the epithelium from the underlying connective tissue.
- 46where is basal laminaepitelial cells sit on this
- 47think of epithelium as a unitepithelial cells are totally and completely attached to all other adjacent epithelial cells
- 48Cuboidal epitheliumCells basically square,
height and width are approximately equal - 49Columnar epitheliumCells Tall
height is always greater than width. - 50Epithelial classification II: Number of cell layerSimple Epithelium
Stratified Epithelium
Pseudostratified - 51Simple Epitheliumonly a single layer of cells present.
- 52Stratified Epitheliummore than one layer of cells present.
Specific type is named for cell shape at the apex of the tissue layer. - 53PseudostratifiedAll cells reach the basal surface, but only some reach the apex;
there are some short cells that only contact the basal surface but not much higher. - 54Glands (all epithelim) can be classified in Six different criteria:-complexity (unicellular/multi)
- method of secretion
-type of secretory unit (tubular or acinar)
-type of secretion (serous or mucinous)
-Complexity of branching (simple or coumpund)
-where product delivered (Exocrine vs. Endocrine) - 552 basic elments that all connective tissue is made ofcells
extracellular matrix - 56fibroblast/fibrocyteprincipal type of fiber-producing cell
make collagen fibers
proteoglycans
elastic fibers,
other stuff needed in the extracellular matrix. - 57adipose cellstores adipose fat cells
- 58mesenchymal cells can differenfibroblasts
adipocytes
osteoblasts
chondroblasts. - 59types of adipose/fat cellsbrown (multilocular) fat
white (unilocular) fat. - 60brown fatgenerates heat
- 61white fatmostly for storage of Triglyceride (energy) and provides protection
can be used to keep eye in position - 62hemapoietic cellserythrocytes
monocytes
lymphocytes
granulocytes - 63erythorcytesRed Blood Cell
Only in glood vessels and marrow.
Transports O2 & CO2. - 64MonocytePhagocytic cell within the bloodstream
- 65Lymphocyteround cells with large nuclei.
B-cell lymphocytes will mature into plasma cells, found in the loose CT. These secrete antibodies - 66Granulocytesprimarily blood cells but act as host defense cells so under certain conditions they will appear in the periphery.
- 67Mast cellsit near blood vessels.
produce Histamine and Heparin, to support inflammatory activities. - 68Areolar tissuetissue typically sits under an epithelium—any epithelium. It has blood vessels and nerves in it to supply epithelium, and usually is a principal support for its function.
mostly used for chronic inflammation - 69Hyaline cartilagethe most common type
fibers not typically visible under light microscopy.
It can take the place of bone in costal cartilages, and the thyroid and cricoid cartilage of the pharynx.
Hyaline cartilage in articular discs is somewhat unique, and referred to as articular cartilage. - 70Fibrocartilagethick bundles of collagen make this type of cartilage strong .
found in articular discs
the pubic symphysis,
cardiac skeleton. - 71Elastic cartilageUsed in areas where it is helpful to be able to bend and return to its normal shape—
epiglottis
pinna of the ear
external nasal cartilage, etc.
Informationen
- Beschreibung
- Karteikarten am aug 20 lec, erstellt von Shylla T am 20/08/2019.
- Erstellt von
- Shylla T
- Aufrufe
- 0
- Bewertung