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Grammar Main Definitions
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- 1WHAT IS GRAMMAR?Grammar is the study of words and the ways words work together
- 2WHAT IS A SENTENCE?A sentence is a group of words containing a subject and predicate
- 3Sentence characteristics1. Stars with a capital letter
2. Ends with a period, question mark, or exclamation point
3. Contains one or more words
4. Contains a subject and a predicate, either expressed or clearly understood
5. Makes a statement, asks a question, expresses a command or request, or indicates a strong feeling or emotion - 4WHAT IS A SUBJECT ?The subject is the person, place, thing, or idea that is doing or being something
- 5TYPES OF SUBJECTS1. Complete (entirephrase before verb) Ex: My new Cambridge dictionary
2. Simple (main word) Ex: dictionary
3. Compound (2 or more subjects joined by a conjunction) Ex: William and his friends - 6WHAT IS A PREDIcATE?The predicate is the accion or description that occurs in the sentence
- 7TYPES OF PREDICATE1. Simple: a complete verb (a verb and any auxiliary verbs) Ex: sit/was singing
2. Complete: a simple predicate plus all modifiers: was singing quietly
3. Compound: two or more predicates with the same object. Ex: was singing quietly and smiling to himself - 8SENTENCES ACCORDING TO FUNTION1. Declarative (makes a statement)
2. Interrogative (asks a question)
3. Exclamatory (express strong feelins or emotion)
4. Imperative (expresses a command or request - 9INDEPENDENT GRAMMATICAL EXPRESSIONSComplete thought, idiomatic expressions
Ex: fire! , Stop!, Hello! - 10WHAT IS A CLAUSE?It is a part of the sentence. A sentence can contain many clauses. Each clause has only one main verb
- 11TYPES OF CLAUSES1. Independent clause: contains subject and verb, expresses a complete thought. It is a sentence.
2. Dependent clause: contains subject and verb but does not express a complete thought. Dependent marker words: when, that - 12WHAT IS A PHRASE?It is group of words that functions as a single unit. Most phrases have a word which defines the type of phrase it is (head word)
- 13TYPES OF PHRASES1. Prepositional phrase (in love, over the rainbow)
2. Noun phrase (the black cat)
3. Verb phrase (jump up and down)
4. Adjetival phrase ( full of toys)
5. Adverbial phrase (very carefully) - 14WHAT IS A FRAGMENT?A fragment is a group of words that does not express a complete thought. It is a part of the sentence and cannot stand alone.
- 15TYPES OF FRAGMENTS1. No subject. Ex: for days tried to change his mind
2. No verb. Ex: water sparkling
3. No subject and no verb. Ex: without the slightest hesitation - 16TYPES OF SENTENCES ACCORDING TO STRUCTURE1. Simple sentence: subject + verb+ complete thought (1 Independent clause)
2. Compound sentences: 2 Independent clauses joined by a conjunction
3. Complex sentence: 1 Independent clause + 1 dependent clause
4. Compund complex: 2 Independent clauses + 1 dependent clause
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- Beschreibung
- Main definitions for grammar introduction
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- Marcia Martínez Badilla
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