THE CASES - GERMAN

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notes on cases - german grammar
Holly Miles
Note by Holly Miles, updated more than 1 year ago
Holly Miles
Created by Holly Miles almost 10 years ago
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NOMINATIVWHEN USED?Used with SUBJECT of the sentenceUsed with FORMS OF SIND e.g. BIN, BIST, IST, SIND, SEID, WAR, WARST, WART, WARENUsed with FORMS OF WERDEN e.g. WERDE, WIRST, WIRD, WERDEN, WERDET, WURDE, WURDEN, WURDESTARTICLES IN THE NOMINATIVE CASEDER, DIE, DAS, DIEEIN, EINE, EIN, EINEADJECTIVAL ENDINGS IN THE NOMINATIVE CASEDER -> +e     DIE -> +e     DAS -> +e     DIE -> +enEIN -> +er     EINE -> +e   EIN -> +es    NO ARTICLESMASC. -> +er   FEM. -> +e  NEUT. -> +es  PL. -> +e 

AKKUSATIVWHEN USED?Used with DIRECT OBJECT (receiver of action)Used when the nouns appears after the following PREPOSITIONSDURCH - through, GEGEN - against, UM - around, BIS - until, FUER - for, OHNE - without, ENTLANG - alongUsed with PREPOSITIONS IN MOVEMENT e.g.IN - in, AN - on, onto, AUF - on, onto, UEBER - above, UNTER - under, NEBEN - next to, VOR - in front of, HINTER - behind, ZWISCHEN - betweenUsed with EXPRESSIONS OF TIME that have NO ARTICLE e.g. Er kommt NAECHSTEN Sonntag, JEDEN Winter fahren wir Ski, DEN VIERTEN JuliARTICLES IN THE ACCUSATIVE CASEThe articles REMAIN THE SAME excluding the MASCULINEDER -> DEN        EIN -> EINENADJECTIVAL ENDINGS IN THE ACCUSATIVEDER -> +en        EINEN -> +en      NO ART. -> +en

DATIVWHEN USED?Used as INDIRECT OBJECT of the sentence e.g. to whom or for whomUsed after certain PREPOSITIONS e.g.AUS - out of, AUSSER - outside of, BEI - at, MIT- with, NACH - after, SEIT - since, VON - from, ZU - to, GEGENUEBER - across from, LAUT - according toUsed after STATIC PREPOSITIONS e.g. IN - in,  AN- on, at, AUF - on, UEBER - above, UNTER - under, HINTER - behind, VOR - in front of, ZWISCHEN - between, NEBEN - next toARTICLES IN THE DATIVEDER -> DEM       DIE -> DER          DAS -> DEM         DIE -> DENEIN -> EINEM               EINE -> EINER                      EIN -> EINEM   ADJECTIVAL ENDINGS IN THE DATIVEDER -> +en        DIE -> +en          DAS -> +en         DIE -> +enEIN -> +en          EINE -> +en       EIN -> +en          MASC. -> +em   FEM. -> +er        NEUT. -> +em   PLU. -> +en

GENITIVEWHEN USED?Used to show POSSESSIONAlso used after the following PREPOSITIONS e.g.AUSSERHALB - outside, INFOLGE - because of, (AN)STATT - instead of, TROTZ - in spite of, WAEHREND - during, WEGEN - because ofARTICLES IN THE GENITIVEDER -> DES   DIE -> DER   DAS -> DES   DIE -> DEREIN -> EINES     EINE -> EINER       EIN -> EINES  ADJECTIVAL ENDINGS IN THE GENITIVEDER -> +en    DIE -> +en   DAS -> +en   DIE -> +enEIN -> +en      EINE -> +en   EIN -> +en  MASC. -> +en    FEM. -> er   NEUT. -> +en  PLU. -> er

ARTICLES TABLES

ADJECTIVAL ENDINGS

NOMINATIV

AKKUSTIV

DATIV

GENITIVE

OTHER

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