Karteikarten
SRM W1L2
Karten in diesem Stapel (32)
- 1knowledgetrue, justified belief
- 2rationalistsjustified on the basis on intuition
(think as lacking/without sensory experience) - 3empiricistsjustified on the basis of experience
- 4Kantcombined rationalism & empiricism
the world aroud us is chaotic
we experience the world
we have certain innate ategories which help organize the information - 5logicmethods for evaluating arguments
- 6argumentset of statements, each of which is either true or false
- 7conclusiona statement that is affirmed (or not) by other statements
- 8premisesstatements which affirm (or fail to) the conclusion
- 9logicmethods for evaluating arguments
- 10argumenta set of statements, each of which is either true or false
- 11Modus PonensAffirm the antecedent
A->B
A
so, B - 12Modus TollensDeny the consequent
A->B
~B
So, ~A - 13Disjunctive syllogismDeny one disjunct
A v B
~A
so, B - 14Deductive argumentif argument is valid& premises are true conclusion must follow from premises
- 15validitiy/InvalidityConclusion logically follows from premises
- 16soundnesspremises are true
- 17Deductive argument possibilitesvalid and sound
valid and not sound - 18Inductive argumentargument is strong and premises are true, conclusion likely follows from premises
(probabilistic) - 19Strong/Weakconclusion logically follows from premises
- 20soundnesspremises are true
- 21abductive logic (retroductive explanations)used when no universal laws (deductive) or probabilistic generalizations (inductive) exist
- 22nomothetic exxplanationsexplain a broad class of phenomena rather than a specific situation or event
high external validity
low internal validity - 23idiographic explanationsexplain a single phenomenon in great detail at the expense of generalization
low eternal validity
high internal validity - 24conceptsabstract representations of a pheomenon...an idea
- 25propsitionsstatements positing associations between constructs
- 26logicmethods for evaluating whether the premises of an argument adequately support its conclusion
- 27ad-hoc classificatory systema set of arbitrary categories constructed in order to organize and summarize phenomena
- 28taxonomysystem of logically related categories constructed to fit one or more phenomena
- 29conceptual frameworkplacement of descriptive categories into a structure of explicit propositions
- 30theoretical systemscombines taxonomies and conceptual frameworks
relates descriptions, explanations, and predictions in a systematic way
allows subsequent propositions to be derived - 31Formal theory/axiomatic theoryaxioms are basic propositions that are true (or not) a priori
can be proved formally using logic and mathematics - 32Good (versus bad) theoryprecision
parsimony
falsifiability
replicabiliy
Informationen
- Beschreibung
- Philosophical and theoretical foundations Knowledge, rationalist/empiricists deductive/inductive, valid/strong, sound theories. models
- Erstellt von
- halle074
- Aufrufe
- 14
- Bewertung