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Chemistry F322 CER Definitions OCR
Karten in diesem Stapel (29)
- 1Molecular FormulaActual number of atoms of each element in a molecule.
- 2Empirical FormulaSimplest whole number ratio of the atoms of each element in a molecule.
- 3Homologous SeriesSeries of organic compounds having the same functional group with successive members differing by CH2.
- 4Functional GroupGroup of atoms responsible for the characteristic reactions of a compound.
- 5Structural IsomersSame molecular formula, different structures.
- 6HydrocarbonA compound that contains hydrogen and carbon only.
- 7SaturatedContains only single C-C bonds.
- 8RadicalContains an unpaired electron.
- 9Fractional DistillationSeparates due to differences in boiling point.
- 10FractionMixture of compounds of similar boiling point.
- 11CrackingBreaking a long chain alkane into a shorter chain alkane and alkene.
- 12BiofuelA fuel produced from plant or animal waste.
- 13Stereoisomers.Same structural formula but different arrangement in space.
- 14E/Z IsomersIsomers resulting from restricted rotation about a double bond, where two different groups are attached to each carbon of the C=C.
- 15Cis/trans IsomersA special case of E/Z isomerism in which two of the substituent groups are the same.
- 16UnsaturatedContains one or more double C=C bonds.
- 17ElectrophileElectron pair acceptor.
- 18NucleophileLone pair donor.
- 19RefluxContinuously boil and condense.
- 20Standard ConditionsTemperature 298k, Pressure 100kPa
- 21Enthalpy Change of ReactionEnthalpy change when the reaction occurs in the molar quantities shown in the chemical equation.
- 22Enthalpy Change of FormationEnthalpy change when one mole of a compound is formed from its elements.
- 23Enthalpy Change of CombustionEnthalpy change when one mole of a substance is completely burnt.
- 24Hess's LawTotal enthalpy change is independent of route.
- 25Average Bond EnthalpyEnergy needed to break one mole of gaseous bonds.
- 26Activation EnergyMinimum energy needed for a reaction to occur.
- 27CatalystSpeeds up a reaction without being used up.
- 28Le Chatelier's PrincipleThe position of equilibrium will shift so as to minimise the effect of any change in conditions.
- 29Dynamic EquilibriumRates of forward and backward reactions are equal. Concentrations are constant.
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