Chemistry F322 CER Definitions OCR

Descrição

Flash cards for F322 CER definitions.
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FlashCards por ashleypwainwright, atualizado more than 1 year ago
ashleypwainwright
Criado por ashleypwainwright aproximadamente 9 anos atrás
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Resumo de Recurso

Questão Responda
Molecular Formula Actual number of atoms of each element in a molecule.
Empirical Formula Simplest whole number ratio of the atoms of each element in a molecule.
Homologous Series Series of organic compounds having the same functional group with successive members differing by CH2.
Functional Group Group of atoms responsible for the characteristic reactions of a compound.
Structural Isomers Same molecular formula, different structures.
Hydrocarbon A compound that contains hydrogen and carbon only.
Saturated Contains only single C-C bonds.
Radical Contains an unpaired electron.
Fractional Distillation Separates due to differences in boiling point.
Fraction Mixture of compounds of similar boiling point.
Cracking Breaking a long chain alkane into a shorter chain alkane and alkene.
Biofuel A fuel produced from plant or animal waste.
Stereoisomers. Same structural formula but different arrangement in space.
E/Z Isomers Isomers resulting from restricted rotation about a double bond, where two different groups are attached to each carbon of the C=C.
Cis/trans Isomers A special case of E/Z isomerism in which two of the substituent groups are the same.
Unsaturated Contains one or more double C=C bonds.
Electrophile Electron pair acceptor.
Nucleophile Lone pair donor.
Reflux Continuously boil and condense.
Standard Conditions Temperature 298k, Pressure 100kPa
Enthalpy Change of Reaction Enthalpy change when the reaction occurs in the molar quantities shown in the chemical equation.
Enthalpy Change of Formation Enthalpy change when one mole of a compound is formed from its elements.
Enthalpy Change of Combustion Enthalpy change when one mole of a substance is completely burnt.
Hess's Law Total enthalpy change is independent of route.
Average Bond Enthalpy Energy needed to break one mole of gaseous bonds.
Activation Energy Minimum energy needed for a reaction to occur.
Catalyst Speeds up a reaction without being used up.
Le Chatelier's Principle The position of equilibrium will shift so as to minimise the effect of any change in conditions.
Dynamic Equilibrium Rates of forward and backward reactions are equal. Concentrations are constant.

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