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Karteikarten

Chapter 7 Learning

Andrea Smith Psyc 1001 Undergraduate Englisch 68 Karten

Karten in diesem Stapel (68)

  1. 1Constructive ProcessOrganize and shape information as it is processed, stored & retrieved
  2. 2AttentionFocusing awareness on narrowed range of stimuli
  3. 3Selective AttentionImpact the level of awareness you apply information
  4. 4Divided AttentionFiltering information at different times
  5. 5Early FilteringInformation is selectively allowed into the system at the sensory level
  6. 6Structural Encoding LevelRecognizing structure of words
    Shallow
  7. 7Phonemic Encoding LevelWhat a word sounds like
    Intermediate
  8. 8Semantic Encoding LevelMeaning of word
    Deep
  9. 9ElaborationLinking stimulus to other information
  10. 10Visual ImageryCreation of visual images to represent words to be remembered
  11. 11Dual-coding TheoryHolds that memory is enhanced by forming semantic and visual codes
  12. 12Self-Referent EncodingHow or whether information is personally relevant
  13. 13Sensory MemoryPreservation of information in original sensory form
  14. 14Short-Term MemoryLimited capacity storage that can maintain unrehearsed information for 20s
  15. 15ChunkingGrouping familiar stimuli for storage as a single unit
  16. 16Limited DurationInformation can be kept for a brief period of time before it is lost
  17. 17RehearsalProcess of repetitively verbalizing or thinking about information
  18. 18MaintenanceMaintaining the information in consciousness by repeating it over and over
  19. 19Elaborate RehearsalInvolves associating other information with what you are trying to remember
  20. 20Phonological Rehearsal LoopActive when use recitation to temporarily hold it down
  21. 21Visuospatial SketchpadTemporarily holding and manipulating images
  22. 22Executive Control SystemLimited amount juggled at one time as people engage in reasoning and decision making
  23. 23Episodic BufferLimited capacity store that allows components of working memory to integrate information
  24. 24Long Term MemoryPhonemic & semantic encoding occur
  25. 25ClusteringTendency to memorize things in terms of groups
  26. 26Conceptual HierarchiesElaborate groupings b/c they involve multilevel classification based on common properties
  27. 27SchemasClusters of knowledge about a object or even abstracted from previous experience
  28. 28Semantic NetworksNodes representing concepts joined by pathways that link concepts
    Short pathways = strong connections
  29. 29Parallel Distributed ProcessingCognitive processes depend on patterns of activation in interconnected that resemble for neural networks
  30. 30CryptomnesiaWhen you believe you thought of something on your own when you actually got the information from a source
  31. 31Reality MonitoringSource monitoring involving determining whether memories are based in actual events or imagination
  32. 32RetentionProportion of material remembered or retained
  33. 33RecallRequire subjects to reproduce information on their own
  34. 34RecognitionRelearn previously learned information to see how much less time it takes
  35. 35Pseudo-forgettingBelief that one forgot when the information was never actually encoded
  36. 36Decay TheoryForgetting occurs because memory traces fade
  37. 37Interference TheoryForget information because of competition of other material
  38. 38Proactive InterferencePreviously learned information interferes with the retention of new information
  39. 39Retroactive InterferenceNew information impairs the retention for previously learned information
  40. 40Encoding Specificity PrincipleEffectiveness of a retrieval cue depends on how well it corresponds to the memory codes that represents the stored item
  41. 41Memory IllusionMemories can be created by suggestion
  42. 42Neural CircuityMemories depend on neural circuits and biological changes in the brain at the time of memory
  43. 43Long-Term PotentiationLong-lasting increase in neural excitability at synapses
  44. 44AmygdalaCritical in information of learned fears
  45. 45HippocampusPlay the most critical role of brain structures in information of memories
  46. 46Retrograde AmnesiaMemories formed before the amnesia are lost
  47. 47Anterograde AmnesiaCannot form new lasting memories after the amnesia has occurred
  48. 48ImplicitUnintentional recall
  49. 49ExplicitIntentional recall
  50. 50DeclarativeFatual information in explicit memory
  51. 51ProceduralActions and conditions responses in implicit memory
  52. 52EpisodicMemory of personal facts
  53. 53SemanticMemory for general facts
  54. 54ProspectiveRemembering what needs to be done in the future
  55. 55RetrospectiveMemory for past events
  56. 56Retrival CuesStimuli that help gain access to memories
  57. 57Contextual CuesPutting yourself in the context that it occurred to aid retrieval
  58. 58Source MonitoringMaking attributions about the origins of memory
  59. 59Source Monitoring ErrorWhen a memory derived from one source is misattributed to another
  60. 60Destination MemoryRecalling whom one was told what
  61. 61Transfer-Appropriate ProcessingWhen the initial processing of information is similar to the type of processing required by measure of retention
  62. 62TransienceWeakening of a memory
    Most often a memory failure
  63. 63AbsentmindednessMemory failure due to failure to pay attention
  64. 64BlockingFail to retrieve an item of information
  65. 65MisattributionAssigning a memory to the wrong source
  66. 66SuggestibilityMemory is distorted because of misleading information
  67. 67BiasInaccuracy due to effect of current knowledge on reconstruction
  68. 68PersistanceInvolves unwanted memories that you can't forget

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Undergraduate Psyc 1001 Karteikarten am Chapter 7 Learning , erstellt von Andrea Smith am 15/04/2015.
Erstellt von
Andrea Smith
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