Karteikarten
States of matter, how to graph scientific data and the Periodic table
Karten in diesem Stapel (42)
- 1Q.What is a Heterogeneous mixture?A mixture were one is able to see what substances are in it.
- 2Q.What is a homogenous mixture?A mixture were one cannot see the separation of a substance as all the substances in it are mixed together.
- 3Q.What is a pure substance?Pure substances are substances that contain only one kind of molecule.
- 4Q.What is an atom?The simplest particle that makes up matter.
- 5Q.What is a proton?A proton is positively charged and is found in the nucleus.
- 6Q.What is a neutron?A neutron is neutral and is found in the nucleus.
- 7Q.What is an electron?An electron is negatively charged and is found in the electron cloud around the central core(nucleus).
- 8Q.What is a compound?A compound is made up of two or more atoms chemically combined in a definite ratio.
- 9Q.What is a mixture?A mixture is made up of two or more atoms and has no definite ratio.
- 10Q.What is an element?An element is made up of only one kind of atom.
- 11Q.What is the process of evaporation?Heat is applied to a liquid and this makes the molecules move more quickly and it turns into a gas.
- 12Q.What is the process of sublimation?The process from of changing from a solid to a gas without passing through an intermediate liquid phase.
- 13Q.What is the process of deposition?The direct solidification of vapour by cooling.
- 14Q.What is the process of melting?A solid that becomes liquefied by heating. The particles start to get more heat energy and spread away. Their force of attraction is slightly less than that of a solid.
- 15Q.What is the process of freezing/solidifaction?Is a transition phase in which a liquid turns into a solid when it's temperature is lowered below its freezing point.
- 16Q.What are the properties of a solid?-Fixed positions
-Fixed volume
-Rigid
-Cannot be squashed (compressed)
-Occupy space
-Have a mass - 17Q.What are the properties of a liquid?-Fixed volume
-No fixed shape
-Not rigid
-Cannot be squashed (compressed)
-Occupy space
-Have a mass - 18Q.What are the properties of a gas?-No fixed shape
-No fixed volume
-Not rigid
-Can be squashed (compressed)
-Occupy space
-Have a mass - 19Q.What is density?Density is defined as the quantity of mass packed into a measured volume. Measured in (g/cm3). More particles in measured volume, have greater density and weight.
- 20Q.What is the process of diffusion?-Diffusion is the process where particles spread out from a higher concentration to a lower concentration
-This is called the concentration gradient
-A concentration gradient is the difference between two different concentrations in a substance (high to low). - 21Q.What is the process of convection?-Convection is the process of heated particles and cool particles mixing
-Particles mix, the heat energy from the heated particles makes the temperature rise in the cooler particles, heat energy
-When provided with heat energy it makes the particles move faster and fly up
-Convection current particles closest to the heat energy source start to move faster and expand (particles don't substance looks as if) - 22Q.What is happening to the particles in a solid?-The particles do not have much heat energy
-The particles are very close together and they vibrate next to each other
-High force of attraction - 23Q.What is happening to the particles in a liquid?-The particles have some heat energy so the particles begin to spread apart slightly
-The particles force of attraction is weaker but still pretty strong
-The particles slide past each other and can move - 24Q.What is happening to the particles in a gas?-They have a lot of heat energy and are spread far apart
-They don't have much of a force of attraction but they still have one
-They fly past each other very quickly - 25Q.What is the independent variable on a graph?-The independent variable is the thing you can change in your experiment
-Located on the X axis - 26Q.What is the dependent variable?-The dependent variable is the thing you can't change
-Located on the Y axis - 27Q.Where is the X axis located?-The X axis is the horizontal line
-Independent variable - 28Q.Where is the Y axis located?-The Y axis is the vertical line
-This is the dependent variable - 29Q.What is a physical change?-No new substances are formed
-The particles are only rearranged
-Reversible - 30Q.What is a chemical change?-A new substance is formed
-The atoms connect
-Irreversible - 31Q.How do you find the amount of electrons in an atom?-The atomic number is located at the top of each element on the periodic table
-The atomic number is equal to the amount of electrons in the atom
-Example: If the atomic number is 18 then the amount of electrons will be 18 - 32Q.How do you find the amount of protons in an atom?-The amount of protons in an atom is equal to the amount of electrons
- 33Q.How do you find the amount of neutrons in an atom?-The mass number of an element on the periodic table can be found at the bottom of each element
-To find the amount of neutrons you have, take away the atomic number from the mass number - 34Q.Where is the atomic number located?-The atomic number is located at the very top of each element on the periodic table
-The atomic number corresponds to what element is located on the periodic table
-Example: If the element is number 18 then the atomic number will be 18 - 35Q.Where are the groups located on the periodic table?-The groups are located at the top of the periodic table and they go downwards
-They are numbered with roman numerals all the way to 8
-Example: I,II,II,IV,V,VI,VII,VIII
-Exactly the same as: 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8 - 36Q.Where are the periods (rows) located on the periodic table?-Rows are located on the side of the periodic table
-There are seven rows and depending on which row the element is located corresponds to the amount of electron shells the element has
-The rows are numbered by numbers
-Example: 1,2,3,4,5,6,7 but downwards - 37Q.What do you need on a scientific graph?-Title
-Appropriate scale
-Key
-Independent variable on the X axis
-Dependent variable on the Y axis
-Labeled axes (including units of measure)
-Accurate plotting - 38Q.How do you tell if something is denser and what is it measured in?-Measured in (g/cm3).
-More particles in measured volume, have greater density and weight. - 39Q.What does all the elements in a single group have in common?They all share the same number of electrons in their outermost shell.
Example: V=5 electrons in the outermost shell - 40Q.What do all the elements have in common in a single period (row)?It indicates how many shells the element has.
Example: 1=1 electron shell - 41Q.What are the two rules for writing chemical formulas?-You use a capital letter
-When you have two letters the second one must be in lower case - 42Q.Why do some elements start with letters other than the english letters?The element is using its latin name.