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Computing Paper 1: Applications Generation (1.2.2)
Karten in diesem Stapel (24)
- 1Applications softwareUsed to perform one specific task. Requires systems software to run.
E.g. web browsers, spreadsheets. - 2Systems softwareResponsible for running computer system. Control the hardware & allows applications to run. Provides interface for user to interact w/ computer.
User does not directly interact w/ it.
E.g. OS, Library programs - 3What are utilities?System software needed to ensure consistent, high performance of OS. They add functionality or help a computer perform better.
- 4Utilities: CompressionUsed to make files smaller by reducing no. of bits used to store the information.
Can be transmitted faster over internet. Helpful when there are limits to file size.
E.g. WinZip - 5Utilities: Disk defragmentationAs hard disk becomes full, read/write times slow down as files become fragmented due to storage in different parts of memory.
Rearranges contents of hard drive to be accessed faster. - 6Utilities: AntivirusDetects potential threats to computer such as internet downloads or emails, alerts user & removes them.
- 7Utilities: Automatic updatingEnsures OS up to date, any updates automatically installed once computer restarted.
Updates important as may tackle bugs or security flaws so ensures system less vulnerable. - 8Utilities: Automatic backupAutomatically creates copies of specific files selected by user. How often files are backed up is also specified by user.
In event of malicious attack or power failure, files can be recovered. - 9What is open source code?Can be used by anyone without a license and distributed with source code.
- 10Advantages of open source code:Can be modified/ improved by anyone.
Technical support from online community.
Modifications can be sold. - 11Disadvantages of open source code:Support online may be incorrect.
Lower security. - 12What is closed source code?Requires user to hold appropriate license to use it.
Cannot access source code as company owns copyright license. - 13Advantages of closed source code:Regular, well tested updates.
Company provides support/ user manuals.
High levels of professional security. - 14Disadvantages of closed source code:License restricts how many people can use software at once.
Users cannot modify or improve software. - 15What is a translator?Program that converts high-level source code into low-level object code.
- 16Translators: CompilerTranslates high level code into machine code all at once.
If changes need to be made, whole program must be recompiled.
Compiled code specific to processor type/ OS. - 17Translators: InterpreterTranslates and executes code line by line. If error found, it stops.
Slower than compiled code as code must be translated each time executed.
Good to test sections of code & executed on range of platforms if hv right interpreter - 18Translators: AssemblerTranslate assembly code into machine code.
Platform specific as dependent on instruction set of processor. - 19Stages of compilation: Lexical analysisWhitespace and comments removed.
Keywords/ variables/ constants/ strings etc. are considered tokens and placed in symbol table. - 20Stages of compilation: Syntax analysisTokens analysed against rules of programming language, syntax error raised if breaks them.
Abstract syntax tree produced - 21Stages of compilation: Code generationabstract syntax tree used to produce machine code.
- 22Stages of compilation: OptimisationSearches through code for areas that could be made more efficient.
Aim to make code faster.
Redundant parts of code removed. - 23What are linkers?Software responsible for linking external modules and libraries included within code.
- 24What is the difference between static and dynamic linkers?Static: libraries added directly to main file so increases its size. Not affected by updates.
Dynamic: addresses of libraries in file where referenced. Smaller file, external updates feed through main file.
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- A level Computing (Computing Paper 2) Karteikarten am Computing Paper 1: Applications Generation (1.2.2), erstellt von Qashrina Collier am 05/05/2021.
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- Qashrina Collier
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