Karteikarten
Week 4
Karten in diesem Stapel (52)
- 1T or F: Social constructionists suggest that a drviant classification floating around abtractly in society is not meaningful unless it gets attached to people.True
- 2T or F: Grouos in society work to create situaions where deviance occurs and is labeled but does not work to create definitioons of deviance.False
- 3What is secret deviance?Becoming exposed or to an abstract status coming to bear on their personal experience.
- 4What are the seven stagexds of the deviance identity career?Stage 1: when people are caught and publically identified as deviant
Stage 2:When attitudes change towards the person they engage in retrospective interpretation
Stage 3: One develops a "spoiled identity"
Stage 4: The process of the dynamics of exclusion begins - 5Continued:Stage 5: Others may welcome or include someone into deviant activities
Stage 6: Others treat those defined as deviant differently
Stage 7: The "looking glass self" theory - 6What is a master status?Basically the identity that people already view you as when they meet you.
- 7What are auxiliary traits?The common social preconceptions that people associate master statuses.
- 8T or F: The relationship between master statuses and auxiliary traits in society is reciprocal.True
- 9What is primary deviance?Refers to a stage when people commit deviant acts, but their deviance goes unrecognized.
- 10What is secondary deviance?Individuals deny their deviant lable and eventually come to accept it reluctantly as it becomes increasingly pressed upon them.
- 11What is tertiary deviance?Those who engage in deviance and embrace it.
- 12FactIn order to avoud the negative consequences of being labeled as deviant and to preserve their untarnished indentities, individuals may engage in a variety ot interactional strategies designed to normalize their behavior.
- 13What do people commonly make for deviance that ar eseen as valid by the delinquent but not by the legal system or society at large?Justification
- 14What were the 5 listed techniques of neutralization?1. Denails or repsonsibility
2. Denying of injury
3. Denial of the victim
4. Appeal to a higher loyalty
5. Condeming the condemners - 15What are excuses?When peole admit to the wrongfulness of their actions but distance themselves from the blame.
- 16What are justifications?When people accept respsonsibility for their acions but seek to have specific instances excused.
- 17The discredite and discreditableRefer to page 253
- 18What are the two courses that follow disclosure?Deviance disavowal: the non deviants ignore the others deviance and acts as if it does not exist
Deviance avowal: they openly acknowledge their stigma and try to present themselves in a positive light - 19What are different dimensions that groups can be organized in?Expressive dimension: primary function is to provide
Instrumental dimension: members gather together to accomplish the expressive dimension and ot organize the political activism - 20Aspects of conformity-they adhere to the norms and values of society
-accept most conventional views with the occasion exception of their own deviance
-use backstage arenas to counsel others - 21Aspects of alientation-People alienate because they are willing to step outside of conventional means to fight for changed defintions of their single form of deviance
- 22Chapter 23: The Adopton and Mangement of a "Fat" IdenityGoffman suggested that obese people were good for the research since they suffer from a "spoiled identity"
- 23Info in the researchObese people are not only the subject of negative stereotypes but they are also actively discriminated against in college admissions.
- 24Info in the researchObese people are "fat" first and only secondarily are seen as posessing ancillary charactersitics.
- 25What two types of data were gathered for the study?Field observationd and in depth interviews.
- 26The idenity change process and the concept of careerBecker refers to "career contigencies": factors on which one position to another depends
-they include both the objective facts of social structure and changes in perspectives, motivations, and the desires of the individual - 27What levels is the identity change process viewed.Public (external) and Private (internal)
- 28What is recognizing?The cognitive process by which an individual becomes aware that a particular status is no longer appropriate.
- 29What is placing?The cognitive process whereby an individual comes to identify an appropriate status from among those available.
- 30What is the final phase of the indentity change process?A new status.
- 31Chapter 24: Becoming bisexualBecoming bisexual involves the rejection of both hetero and homosexuals.
- 32What are the stages of bisexuality?Stage 1: Confusion
Stage 2:Finding and applying the label
Stage 3: Settling into the identity
Stage 4: Continued uncertainty
(refer to pages 269-278) - 33Chapter 25: Anorexia Nervosa and BulimiaAnorexia: 20-25% loss of initial body weight occurs, resulting from self-starvation alone or in a combination with excessive excercising occasional binge eating, vomiting and/or laxative abuse
- 34BulimiaDenotes cylical binge eating followed by vomitting or laxative abuse
- 35What three categories do eating disorders fall under?1. Ego psychological
2. Family systems
3. Endocrinoloigical
(pg280) - 36Aspects of conforming behavior-Emphasis on being slim affects everyone in out culture, but it mainly influences women
-People who develop anorexia and bulima are conformists in their strong commitment to other conventional norms and goals - 37ContinuedPeople who develop anorexia and bulimia are strongly and excessively attached to their parents
- 38Eating disorders and primary devianceThe primary inducement for both was the drive for slimness: with slimness came more self respect and a feeling of superiority over "unsucessful dieters"
- 39Eating disorders and secondary devianceRespondents felt that their disorders gave a purpose to their lives.
- 40Chapter 36: Convicted Rapists Vocabulary and MotivePsychiatry has dominated the literature on rapists since "irresistble impulse" and "disease of the mind" were introduced as causes of rape.
- 41Info from the readingRape is viewwed as a learned behaior through interaction with others: convicted rapists have learned the attitudes and actions consistent wih secual agression against women.
- 42Listed reasons for justifying rape:1. Women are seductresses
2. Women mean yes when they say no
3. Most women eventualy relax an enjoy it
4. Nice girls don't get raped
5. Only a minor wrongdoing - 43Listed reasons for exuses of rape:1. The use of alcohol or drugs
2. Emotional problems
3. Nice guy image - 44Chapter 29: Negotiatng White Power Activist Stigmarefer to pages 331-343
- 45Reponses to conformity pressures of family and friends:-Leading a double life
-Strategic silence
-Selective disclosure - 46Managing expressive constraints at work and school:-Avoiding others
-False fronts
-Strategic silence - 47The past aspect of aryans lifestlyeActive and passive idenitity displays in public
- 48Chapter 30: Homeless Kids Stigma Mangement StrategiesMainly about a research study done about homeless in a program
Strategies of inclusion and exclusion - 49What were listed strategies of inclusion:-Foring friendships
-Passing (to pass succesfully you have to make your stigma invisible)
-Covering - 50What were listed strategies of excluson:-Physical posturing
-Sexual posturing - 51Chapter 31: Collective Stigma Management and ShameWas a bit confused about this chapter
refer to notes on pages 361-377 - 52Orgazational frames were a big part.