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Igneous rocks unit 1.1 flashcards:(
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- 1What is geology?Geology is the study of rocks, their history and the processes that form and change them.
- 2What was the first type of rock formed on Earth known as?The first type of rock was known as igneous rock.
- 3What is the mantle?The mantle is the layer of the earth below the crust.
- 4What is magma?Magma is molten rock that does not reach Earth's surface.
- 5What is lava?Lava is molten rock reaching the Earth's surface.
- 6What is the temperature of lava?The temperature of lava is about 1200 degrees when it erupts at the surface of the earth.
- 7Why does magma rising into the crust begin to cool?Magma rising into the crust begin to cool because it loses heat to the cooler rocks around it.
- 8What happens if magma reaches the surface to become lava?Then it cools rapidly, especially if the eruption happens under the ocean.
- 9How are rocks formed?Rocks are formed when the magma or lava cools so much that it solidifies.
- 10What are igneous rocks?Igneous rocks are rocks formed from cooling magma.
- 11What are extrusive igneous rocks?Igneous rocks that form on the surface of the Earth.
- 12What are intrusive igneous rocks?Igneous rocks that form below the surface of the Earth.
- 13What are crystals?A crystal is a solid that has a variety of special shapes.
- 14What are minerals?Minerals are chemicals found in rocks.
- 15What are two physical properties of minerals?Two physical properties of minerals are the size and the shapes of the crystals that form them.
- 16What other types of rocks are there besides igneous rocks?Other types of rocks are sedimentary and metamorphic.
- 17What are three properties of igneous rocks?Igneous rocks are:
-hard
-strong
-made of interlocking crystals - 18What are interlocking crystals?Crystals that lock together and grow into each other in a rock.
- 19What are some examples of extrusive igneous rocks?Examples of extrusive igneous rocks include:
-Basalt, obsidian, pumice and scoria.
- 20What are some examples of intrusive rocks?Examples of intrusive igneous rocks include:
-Quarts, feldspar, biotite, granite and dolerite.
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