Karteikarten
Bacterial virulence determinants
Karten in diesem Stapel (40)
- 1What is a virulence determinant?Any factor aiding a pathogen in causing disease
- 2What does redundancy in Kochs postulates mean?Many bacteria have more than 1 of the same feature that is a virulence determinant
- 3Cystic fibrosis offers resistance toSalmonella typhi
- 4Sickle cell anaemia offers resistance againstMalaria
- 5Give some examples of bacterial adhesinsFimbria, Flagella, Cell envelope proteins
- 6What are functions of bacterial adheins?Allow attachment to the host, determine where the pathogen locates to and help to transduce signals in human cells
- 7Give some examples of molecules that allow bacteria to spread beyond connective tissue barriersHyaluronidases, Collagenases, Fibrinolysins
- 8Give some examples of bacteria that replicate in lymphatic endotheliumY pestis, Brucella, R typhi
- 9Give some examples of bacteria that replicate in the CSFH influenza, N meningitides, L monocytogenes
- 10What is molecular mimicry?Antigens similar to self-antigens to prevent non-self recognition
- 11What is immune concealment?Proteins on the surface of the bacteria cause inefficient antibody binding
- 12What is immunosuppression?Invading macrophages and lymphoid tissue
- 13What do soluble microbial antigens do?Overproduction of antigens = overstimulation of antibody response leading to ineffective immune response
- 14What is antigenic variation?Bacteria changes its surface structures so they are no longer recognised by antibodies
- 15How may antigenic variation arise?Mutation / Recombination / Gene switching
- 16Give an example of a bacterial product which decomposes complementP aeruginosa elastase, B pertussis BrkA protein
- 17How does smooth LPS inhibit complement?Prevents access to the bacterial membrane
- 18Which bacteria inhibits IL-8?Streptococcus pyogenes
- 19Which toxin is produced by gram negative bacteria only?Endotoxin
- 20Which toxin is produced by both gram negative and gram positive bacteria?Exotoxin
- 21Which toxin has its effect only when bacteria are located in the host?Endotoxin
- 22Which toxin may have its effect despite the bacteria not being present in the host?Exotoxin
- 23Which toxin is part of the gram negative cell wall?Endotoxin
- 24T/F - all exotoxin is proteinFalse - most are
- 25What are some effects of endotoxin?Vasodilation/Inflammation/Haemorrhaging
- 26What is endotoxin composed of?Lipid A
- 27Which exotoxin is not heat sensitive?Enterotoxin of Staph aureus
- 28What are neurotoxin exotoxins?Exotoxin that interferes with synaptic transmissin
- 29Which type of exotoxin inhibits cellular activity?Cytotoxin
- 30Which toxin is secreted by bacteria?Exotoxin
- 31Which bacteria produces alpha-toxin which lyses phospholipids?Clostridium perfringens
- 32Which bacteria produces alpha-toxin which causes pore formation?Staphylococcus aureus
- 33Which bacteria produces toxin which inactivates elongation factor 2?Corynebacterium diphtheriae
- 34Which bacteria produces toxin which causes loss of intracellular ions?Vibrio cholerae
- 35Which bacteria produces tetanospasmin?Clostridium tetani
- 36Which bacteria produces toxin which prevents acetylcholine vesicle release?Clostridium botulinum
- 37How does tetanospasmin work?Prevents inhibitory NT release leading to constant excitatory NT action (muscle spasm)
- 38What is phase variation?Switching genes on and off to adapt to environmental changes without reliance upon random mutation
- 39How is antigenic variation different to phase variation?Antigenic variation = modification of the gene for a particular antigen, Phase variation = switching on/off genes coding for particular surface antigens
- 40Why does Reiter's syndrome develop?Cross-reacting antibodies to a bacterial infection leading to inflammatory arthritis
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- IHD (Infection Flashcards) Karteikarten am Bacterial virulence determinants, erstellt von 0 9 am 24/05/2017.
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