Karteikarten
Cog Week 7 Semantic Memory
Karten in diesem Stapel (38)
- 1Semantic priming effect is used to study?Organization of semantic memory
Automaticity (e.g unconcious processing) produced in SPE - 2Semantic memoryconceptual knowledge
linguisitic knowledge for general facts
Focus on objects , word meaning , facts and people without a link to any particular time or place .
Shared across individuals in a culture - 3Episodic memoryFocus on individual
Specific time or place - 4Impairment to semantic memory leads to?Can't comprehend meaning of words or pictures or express ideas
- 5Set inclusionmember of category
Canary is a bird - 6Property AttributeFocus on the properties of the subject
bird has feathers - 7Network model factsFirst model of SM
Concepts = nodes (localist representation)
Relationship between nodes are represented by link - 8Hierarchical Network model was by ?Collins & Quillian 1969
- 9Assumptions of Hierarchical Network model?Concepts are in a hierarchy
Cognitive Economy - 10What does cognitive economy mean?Property attributes arent repeated and are stored at the highest most general level
- 11Collins & Quillians 1969 findings of the Hierarchical network model using the setence vertification taskSentence verification RT is a function of levels
Refer to diagram when revising - 12Issues with the above model?Cognitive economy was explained better by a frequency of co-occurence of concept and property as oppose to levels
- 13Who refuted the HNM and how and provide an exampleConrad did
He outlined RT varied with subject property frequency (associative strength within a level)
HF Peakcock feathers
LF Canary feathers
HNM says they should be the same - 14Conrads findings inferred?RT is a function of frequency of co-occurence (associative strength)
- 15What did the hierarchical network model not predict?RT doesnt always mirror HIGH relationship
Within category typicality effects
Negative false judgements are not faster for closer concepts (opposite) - 16They extent the HNM and rename it with who?Spreading activation model
Collins and Loftus - 17Whats changed?Concepts are HIGH - explains why we don't always mirror high rel
Links vary in asso stre
explains why typicality effect
Doesnt explain negative
Act of a concept spreads to other concepts linked to prime SPE - 18SPE and explain it and give e.gSemantic priming effect
RT > for a word that is followed by a semantic related word
car truck < flower truck - 19Semantic primin effect is used ot study?organization of sematnic memory
Automaticity e.g. unconcious processing/masked priming - 20How does the feature comparision model differ from HNMIts not a network model
It doesn't assume knowledge within a concept node
It explains for when nodes are degraded
Assumes concepts are distributed (shared with other concepts) features in semantic space - 21Explain how the distributed semantic features owrkMultidimensional scaling
SS rate how similar stuff are
They put them in dimensions and u extract them based on their features - 22Provide an example of the aboveDomesticiation is a dimension shared among various concepts not just a single node . Difference between em
- 23Defining features are?Essential features
e.g. bird has wings - 24Characteristics featuresLess important
bird builds nest
Up to slide 12 is done well - 25Two stage decision processes offers a solution for?Typicality effect (positive explanations)
a canary is a bird is faster than an ostrich is a bird
Similarity effect on negative decisions
A canary is a salmon is faster than a canary is an ostrich - 26Problems with feature comparison model?Clear definition of defining and lacking characteristic features
- 27Limitations with sentence verification datadata can be explained well by both theories (localist and distributed)
Stimuli are words - is it the same as objects?
Do the data reflect the structure or process? - 28Studies of brain impaired patients show?selective impairment of living things
perserved knowledge of non living things more common - 29Even more specific category specific impairments?Perserved knowledge of body parts with impairment of livin things
Perserved knowledge of non-living exception of musical instruments - 30Patient JBRInanimate objects good
impairment of food categories for pictures
For objects - living things poor
Inanime objects - good - 31Was JBR good at giving word defs of inanimate objects?yes better than expected
except for musical instruments - 32What are the two organization of concepts in the brain?Perceptual function theory
adds to distributed-plus-hub theory - 33Perceptual function theory factsLiving thins are distinguished based on perceptual (visual) prop . e.g. lion is spotted. explains why instruments
NOn living = functional prop e.g. pen and hammer different actions - 34Problems for above theoryPatients dnt always show impairments to one type of knowledge. Also some props are niether sensory or perceptual nor function. Could be conceptual
- 35In the Distributed -plus - hub theory outline some factsShare assumptions of perceptual theory
Located in the Anterior Temporal Lobe for each concept or object in addiction to modality specific info - 36Why do we have hubs?Help integrrate our knolwedge across different modalities of any given concept
2. they make it easier for us to deteict sematnic simaliries across concepts differenting greatly in their modality specific mod - 37Concepts hubs are stored where and facts?Anterior temporal lobes
Degen of the ATL is very evident in sematnic dementia
The left atl may be importat for verbal lanuage - 38Colour and object recog for SD patientsThey choose typical features e.g. green celery and green pumpkin cause its a very common colour for fruit .
Same for animals they draw general properties for all of them
Informationen
- Beschreibung
- Karteikarten am Cog Week 7 Semantic Memory , erstellt von Pratik Mehta am 05/07/2017.
- Erstellt von
- Pratik Mehta · Jul 2017
- Aktualisiert
- 10 Jul 2017
- Aufrufe
- 3
- Bewertung